Background One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental hazards.Supple-mentation of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal...Background One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental hazards.Supple-mentation of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in chickens.XOS may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier functions.The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOS and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction(AXRF)supplementation on gut func-tion and epithelial integrity in broiler chickens.Methods A total of 128 broiler chickens(Ross 308)were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d:1)control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet;or 2)a control diet supplemented with 0.5%XOS and 1%AXRF.Each treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens(n=8)with 8 chickens each.Feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly.On d 42,one male chicken per pen was selected based on aver-age weight and euthanized,jejunum samples were collected for proteomics analysis.Results Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved feed efficiency(P<0.05)from d 1 to 42 compared to the con-trol group.Proteomic analysis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 dif-ferentially abundant proteins(DAP)(Padj<0.00001)in supplemented chickens compared to the non-supplemented group.In the jejunum,the DAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue(e.g.,inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways).In addition,DAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation,and migration by reducing the actin polymerization pathway.Put-ting the two main pathways together,XOS/AXRF supplementation may decrease around 19%the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract.Conclusions Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved growth efficiency by reducing epithelial cell migration and differentiation(hence,turnover),actin polymerization,and consequently energy requirement for maintenance of the jejunum of broiler chickens.展开更多
Considerable research has been conducted into the efficacy of individual probiotics in broiler production,however information on the most effective combinations of synergistic Bacillus probiotic is lacking.This study ...Considerable research has been conducted into the efficacy of individual probiotics in broiler production,however information on the most effective combinations of synergistic Bacillus probiotic is lacking.This study investigated the impact of different Bacillus strain combinations in broiler chickens,as well as in vitro enzyme production.In experiment one,a total of 576 Ross 308 broilers at 1 d old were grown for 21 d across 6 treatments of maize-soybean diets(n=12 pens per treatment)to compare three different strain combinations(formulation 1[F1]:3 strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;F2:Bacillus coagulans and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens;F3:B.coagulans,Bacillus licheniformis and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens;F5:Bacillus subtilis,B.licheniformis and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens),positive control(PC),and a negative control antibiotic treatment group(NC).In Exp.2,a total of 360 one-day-old ROSS308 broilers were used to test five treatments(n=9)including PC,NC,F1 and F5(selected from Exp.1),and F4(Bacillus pumilis and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens)in a maize-soybean diet.B.amyloliquefaciens F1 demonstrated a significant improvement in feed conversion ratio(FCR)compared to F2 at d 14(1.49 vs 2.10;P=0.038)and the body weight(BW)at d 21(847.0 g vs 787.4 g)compared to other combinations(P=0.027).The FCR at d 21 tended to be lower in birds fed F1(1.46 vs 1.66)compared to the control(P=0.068).Probiotic treatments had significantly improved nutrient digestibility compared to the PC and NC.Also,probiotic treatments supported the growth of Streptococcus,a common commensal genus and reduced the abundance of genera that correlated with low weight gain such as Akkermansia.Experiment two revealed that F4 improved FCR(P<0.001)and BW at 28 d(P=0.014).In vitro testing showed a high production of protease and amylase by Bacillus.Thus,the addition of Bacillus probiotics,particularly containing B.amyloliquefaciens strains and Bacillus pumilus,into the diet of broiler chickens improves production performance,nutrient digestibility,and allows the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota.展开更多
文摘Background One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental hazards.Supple-mentation of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS)is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in chickens.XOS may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier functions.The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOS and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction(AXRF)supplementation on gut func-tion and epithelial integrity in broiler chickens.Methods A total of 128 broiler chickens(Ross 308)were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d:1)control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet;or 2)a control diet supplemented with 0.5%XOS and 1%AXRF.Each treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens(n=8)with 8 chickens each.Feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly.On d 42,one male chicken per pen was selected based on aver-age weight and euthanized,jejunum samples were collected for proteomics analysis.Results Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved feed efficiency(P<0.05)from d 1 to 42 compared to the con-trol group.Proteomic analysis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 dif-ferentially abundant proteins(DAP)(Padj<0.00001)in supplemented chickens compared to the non-supplemented group.In the jejunum,the DAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue(e.g.,inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways).In addition,DAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation,and migration by reducing the actin polymerization pathway.Put-ting the two main pathways together,XOS/AXRF supplementation may decrease around 19%the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract.Conclusions Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved growth efficiency by reducing epithelial cell migration and differentiation(hence,turnover),actin polymerization,and consequently energy requirement for maintenance of the jejunum of broiler chickens.
基金funded by Food Innovation Australia Ltd (FIAL) (Werribee,Victoria,Australia)2019-11 to 2020-11 FIAL Grant,Bio-proton PTY Ltd. (Brisbane,Queensland,Australia),and The University of Queensland (St Lucia,Queensland,Australia).
文摘Considerable research has been conducted into the efficacy of individual probiotics in broiler production,however information on the most effective combinations of synergistic Bacillus probiotic is lacking.This study investigated the impact of different Bacillus strain combinations in broiler chickens,as well as in vitro enzyme production.In experiment one,a total of 576 Ross 308 broilers at 1 d old were grown for 21 d across 6 treatments of maize-soybean diets(n=12 pens per treatment)to compare three different strain combinations(formulation 1[F1]:3 strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;F2:Bacillus coagulans and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens;F3:B.coagulans,Bacillus licheniformis and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens;F5:Bacillus subtilis,B.licheniformis and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens),positive control(PC),and a negative control antibiotic treatment group(NC).In Exp.2,a total of 360 one-day-old ROSS308 broilers were used to test five treatments(n=9)including PC,NC,F1 and F5(selected from Exp.1),and F4(Bacillus pumilis and 2 strains B.amyloliquefaciens)in a maize-soybean diet.B.amyloliquefaciens F1 demonstrated a significant improvement in feed conversion ratio(FCR)compared to F2 at d 14(1.49 vs 2.10;P=0.038)and the body weight(BW)at d 21(847.0 g vs 787.4 g)compared to other combinations(P=0.027).The FCR at d 21 tended to be lower in birds fed F1(1.46 vs 1.66)compared to the control(P=0.068).Probiotic treatments had significantly improved nutrient digestibility compared to the PC and NC.Also,probiotic treatments supported the growth of Streptococcus,a common commensal genus and reduced the abundance of genera that correlated with low weight gain such as Akkermansia.Experiment two revealed that F4 improved FCR(P<0.001)and BW at 28 d(P=0.014).In vitro testing showed a high production of protease and amylase by Bacillus.Thus,the addition of Bacillus probiotics,particularly containing B.amyloliquefaciens strains and Bacillus pumilus,into the diet of broiler chickens improves production performance,nutrient digestibility,and allows the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota.
