Background:Cotton is a significant economic crop that plays an indispensable role in many domains.Gossypium hirsutum L.is the most important fiber crop worldwide and contributes to more than 95%of global cotto n produ...Background:Cotton is a significant economic crop that plays an indispensable role in many domains.Gossypium hirsutum L.is the most important fiber crop worldwide and contributes to more than 95%of global cotto n production.Identifying stable quantitative trait locus(QTLs)controlling fiber quality and yield related traits are necessary prerequisites for marker-assisted selection(MAS).Results:A genetic linkage map was constructed with 312 simple sequence repeat(SSR)loci and 35 linkage groups using JoinMap 4.0;the map spanned 1 929.9 cM,with an average interval between two markers of 6.19 cM,and covered approximately 43.37%of the cotton genome.A total of 74 QTLs controlling fiber quality and 41 QTLs controlling yield-related traits were identified in 4 segregating generations.These QTLs were distributed across 20 chromosomes and collectively explained 1.01%?27.80%of the observed phenotypic variations.In particular,35 stable QTLs could be identified in multiple generations,25 common QTLs were con sistent with those in previous studies,and 15 QTL clusters were found in 11 chromosome segments.Conclusion:These studies provide a theoretical basis for improving cotton yield and fiber quality for molecular marker-assisted selection.展开更多
Background:Pectin is a key substance involved in cell wall development,and the galacturonosyltransferases(GAUTs)gene family is a critical participant in the pectin synthesis pathway.Systematic and comprehensive resear...Background:Pectin is a key substance involved in cell wall development,and the galacturonosyltransferases(GAUTs)gene family is a critical participant in the pectin synthesis pathway.Systematic and comprehensive research on GAUTs has not been performed in cotton.Analysis of the evolution and expression patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species is needed to in crease kno wledge of the functi on of pectin in cotto n fiber development.Results:In this study,we have identified 131 GAUT genes in the genomes of four Gossypium species(G.raimondii,G barbadense,G.hirsutum,and G.arboreum),and classified them as GAUT-A,GAUT-B and GAUT-C,which coding probable galacturonosyltransferases.Among them,the GAUT genes encode proteins GAUT1 to GAUT15.All GAUT proteins except for GAUT7 contai n a con served glycosyl transferase family 8 domain(H-DN-A-SW-S-V-H-T-F).The conserved sequence of GAUT7 is PLN(phospholamban)02769 domain.According to c/s-elemet analysis,GAUT genes transcript levels may be regulated by horm ones such as JA,GA,SA,ABA,Me-JA,and IA A.The evoluti on and transcription patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species and the transcript levels in upland cotton lines with different fiber st「ength were analyzed.Peak transcript level of GhGAUT genes have been observed before 15 DPA.In the six materials with high fiber strength,the transcription of GhGAUT genes were concentrated from 10 to 15 DPA;while the highest transcript levels in low fiber st「ength materials were detected between 5 and 10 DPA.These results lays the foundation for future research on gene function during cotton fiber development.Conclusions:The GAUT gene family may affect cotton fiber development,including fiber elongation and fiber thickening.In the low strength fiber lines,GAUTs mainly participate in fiber elongation,whereas their major effect on cotton with high strength fiber is related to both elongation and thickening.展开更多
Background:Cotton is the world’s largest and most important source of renewable natural fiber.BEL1-like homeodomain(BLH)genes are ubiquitous in plants and have been reported to contribute to plant development.However...Background:Cotton is the world’s largest and most important source of renewable natural fiber.BEL1-like homeodomain(BLH)genes are ubiquitous in plants and have been reported to contribute to plant development.However,there is no comprehensive characterization of this gene family in cotton.In this study,32,16,and 18 BLH genes were identified from the G.hirsutum,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii genome,respectively.In addition,we also studied the phylogenetic relationships,chromosomal location,gene structure,and gene expression patterns of the BLH genes.Results:The results indicated that these BLH proteins were divided into seven distinct groups by phylogenetic analysis.Among them,25 members were assigned to 15 chromosomes.Furthermore,gene structure,chromosomal location,conserved motifs,and expression level of BLH genes were investigated in G.hirsutum.Expression profiles analysis showed that four genes(GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,GhBLH1_5,and GhBLH1_6)from BLH1 subfamily were highly expressed during the fiber cell elongation period.The expression levels of these genes were significantly induced by gibberellic acid and brassinosteroid,but not auxin.Exogenous application of gibberellic acid significantly enhanced GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,and GhBLH1_5 transcripts.Expression levels of GhBLH1_3 and GhBLH1_4 genes were significantly increased under brassinosteroid treatment.Conclusions:The BLH gene family plays a very important role in many biological processes during plant growth and development.This study deepens our understanding of the role of the GhBLH1 gene involved in fiber development and will help us in breeding better cotton varieties in the future.展开更多
Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants.CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(C...Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants.CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(CaMBPs)to modulate Ca^(2+)signaling.IQ domain(IQD)proteins are plant-specific CaMBPs that bind to CaM by their specific CaM binding sites.Results:In this study,we identified 102 GhIQD genes in the Gossypium hirsutum L.genome.The GhIQD gene family was classified into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),and we then mapped the GhIQD genes to the G.hirsutum L.chromosomes.Moreover,we found that 100 of the 102 GhIQD genes resulted from segmental duplication events,indicating that segmental duplication is the main force driving GhIQD gene expansion.Gene expression pattern analysis showed that a total of 89 GhIQD genes expressed in the elongation stage and second cell wall biosynthesis stage of the fiber cells,suggesting that GhIQD genes may contribute to fiber cell development in cotton.In addition,we found that 20 selected GhIQD genes were highly expressed in various tissues.Exogenous application of MeJA significantly enhanced the expression levels of GhIQD genes.Conclusions:Our study shows that GhIQD genes are involved in fiber cell development in cotton and are also widely induced by MeJA.Thw results provide bases to systematically characterize the evolution and biological functions of GhIQD genes,as well as clues to breed better cotton varieties in the future.展开更多
Background:Plant height(PH)and fruit branch number(FBN)are important traits for improving yield and mechanical harvesting of cotton.In order to identify genes of PH and FBN in cotton germplasms to develop superior cul...Background:Plant height(PH)and fruit branch number(FBN)are important traits for improving yield and mechanical harvesting of cotton.In order to identify genes of PH and FBN in cotton germplasms to develop superior cultivars,quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for these traits were detected based on the phenotypic evaluation data in nine environments across four locations and 4 years and a previously reported genetic linkage map of an recombinant inbred line(RIL)population of upland cotton.Results:In total,53 QTLs of PH and FBN,were identified on 21 chromosomes of the cotton genome except chromosomes c02,c09-c11,and c22.For PH,27 QTLs explaining 3.81%–8.54%proportions of phenotypic variance were identified on 18 chromosomes except c02,c08-c12,c15,and c22.For FBN,26 QTLs explaining 3.23%–11.00%proportions of phenotypic variance were identified on 16 chromosomes except c02-c03,c06,c09-c11,c17,c22-c23,and c25.Eight QTLs were simultaneously identified in at least two environments.Three QTL clusters containing seven QTLs were identified on three chromosomes(c01,c18 and c21).Eleven QTLs were the same as previously reported ones,while the rest were newly identified.Conclusions:The QTLs and QTL clusters identified in the current study will be helpful to further understand the genetic mechanism of PH and FBN development of cotton and will enhance the development of excellent cultivars for mechanical managements in cotton production.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371668)the National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation project for CAAS(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ICR)
文摘Background:Cotton is a significant economic crop that plays an indispensable role in many domains.Gossypium hirsutum L.is the most important fiber crop worldwide and contributes to more than 95%of global cotto n production.Identifying stable quantitative trait locus(QTLs)controlling fiber quality and yield related traits are necessary prerequisites for marker-assisted selection(MAS).Results:A genetic linkage map was constructed with 312 simple sequence repeat(SSR)loci and 35 linkage groups using JoinMap 4.0;the map spanned 1 929.9 cM,with an average interval between two markers of 6.19 cM,and covered approximately 43.37%of the cotton genome.A total of 74 QTLs controlling fiber quality and 41 QTLs controlling yield-related traits were identified in 4 segregating generations.These QTLs were distributed across 20 chromosomes and collectively explained 1.01%?27.80%of the observed phenotypic variations.In particular,35 stable QTLs could be identified in multiple generations,25 common QTLs were con sistent with those in previous studies,and 15 QTL clusters were found in 11 chromosome segments.Conclusion:These studies provide a theoretical basis for improving cotton yield and fiber quality for molecular marker-assisted selection.
基金the Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.31690093)the National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation project for CAAS(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ICR)the Central Level of the Scientific Research Institutes for Basic R&D Special Fund Business(Y2017PT51)。
文摘Background:Pectin is a key substance involved in cell wall development,and the galacturonosyltransferases(GAUTs)gene family is a critical participant in the pectin synthesis pathway.Systematic and comprehensive research on GAUTs has not been performed in cotton.Analysis of the evolution and expression patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species is needed to in crease kno wledge of the functi on of pectin in cotto n fiber development.Results:In this study,we have identified 131 GAUT genes in the genomes of four Gossypium species(G.raimondii,G barbadense,G.hirsutum,and G.arboreum),and classified them as GAUT-A,GAUT-B and GAUT-C,which coding probable galacturonosyltransferases.Among them,the GAUT genes encode proteins GAUT1 to GAUT15.All GAUT proteins except for GAUT7 contai n a con served glycosyl transferase family 8 domain(H-DN-A-SW-S-V-H-T-F).The conserved sequence of GAUT7 is PLN(phospholamban)02769 domain.According to c/s-elemet analysis,GAUT genes transcript levels may be regulated by horm ones such as JA,GA,SA,ABA,Me-JA,and IA A.The evoluti on and transcription patterns of the GAUT gene family in different cotton species and the transcript levels in upland cotton lines with different fiber st「ength were analyzed.Peak transcript level of GhGAUT genes have been observed before 15 DPA.In the six materials with high fiber strength,the transcription of GhGAUT genes were concentrated from 10 to 15 DPA;while the highest transcript levels in low fiber st「ength materials were detected between 5 and 10 DPA.These results lays the foundation for future research on gene function during cotton fiber development.Conclusions:The GAUT gene family may affect cotton fiber development,including fiber elongation and fiber thickening.In the low strength fiber lines,GAUTs mainly participate in fiber elongation,whereas their major effect on cotton with high strength fiber is related to both elongation and thickening.
基金the State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund(CB2019A03,2019A09 and CB2020A12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872175)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK202002005 and GK202001004)Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2018JZ3006 and 2019JQ-062),Shaanxi Youth Entrusted Talents Program(20190205),Shaanxi Postdoctoral Project(2018BSHYDZZ76)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2019-2021QNRC001).
文摘Background:Cotton is the world’s largest and most important source of renewable natural fiber.BEL1-like homeodomain(BLH)genes are ubiquitous in plants and have been reported to contribute to plant development.However,there is no comprehensive characterization of this gene family in cotton.In this study,32,16,and 18 BLH genes were identified from the G.hirsutum,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii genome,respectively.In addition,we also studied the phylogenetic relationships,chromosomal location,gene structure,and gene expression patterns of the BLH genes.Results:The results indicated that these BLH proteins were divided into seven distinct groups by phylogenetic analysis.Among them,25 members were assigned to 15 chromosomes.Furthermore,gene structure,chromosomal location,conserved motifs,and expression level of BLH genes were investigated in G.hirsutum.Expression profiles analysis showed that four genes(GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,GhBLH1_5,and GhBLH1_6)from BLH1 subfamily were highly expressed during the fiber cell elongation period.The expression levels of these genes were significantly induced by gibberellic acid and brassinosteroid,but not auxin.Exogenous application of gibberellic acid significantly enhanced GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,and GhBLH1_5 transcripts.Expression levels of GhBLH1_3 and GhBLH1_4 genes were significantly increased under brassinosteroid treatment.Conclusions:The BLH gene family plays a very important role in many biological processes during plant growth and development.This study deepens our understanding of the role of the GhBLH1 gene involved in fiber development and will help us in breeding better cotton varieties in the future.
基金the State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund(grant numbers CB2019A03 and CB2018A07)comprehensive Scientific research fund project of Xianyang Normal University(XSYK20002)+2 种基金the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Shaanxi Province(S202010722071)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 31872175)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(grant number 2019NY-103).
文摘Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants.CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(CaMBPs)to modulate Ca^(2+)signaling.IQ domain(IQD)proteins are plant-specific CaMBPs that bind to CaM by their specific CaM binding sites.Results:In this study,we identified 102 GhIQD genes in the Gossypium hirsutum L.genome.The GhIQD gene family was classified into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),and we then mapped the GhIQD genes to the G.hirsutum L.chromosomes.Moreover,we found that 100 of the 102 GhIQD genes resulted from segmental duplication events,indicating that segmental duplication is the main force driving GhIQD gene expansion.Gene expression pattern analysis showed that a total of 89 GhIQD genes expressed in the elongation stage and second cell wall biosynthesis stage of the fiber cells,suggesting that GhIQD genes may contribute to fiber cell development in cotton.In addition,we found that 20 selected GhIQD genes were highly expressed in various tissues.Exogenous application of MeJA significantly enhanced the expression levels of GhIQD genes.Conclusions:Our study shows that GhIQD genes are involved in fiber cell development in cotton and are also widely induced by MeJA.Thw results provide bases to systematically characterize the evolution and biological functions of GhIQD genes,as well as clues to breed better cotton varieties in the future.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD01016002016YFD0100505)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Research Institutes(Y2017JC48)the Natural Science Foundation of China(31371668,31471538)。
文摘Background:Plant height(PH)and fruit branch number(FBN)are important traits for improving yield and mechanical harvesting of cotton.In order to identify genes of PH and FBN in cotton germplasms to develop superior cultivars,quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for these traits were detected based on the phenotypic evaluation data in nine environments across four locations and 4 years and a previously reported genetic linkage map of an recombinant inbred line(RIL)population of upland cotton.Results:In total,53 QTLs of PH and FBN,were identified on 21 chromosomes of the cotton genome except chromosomes c02,c09-c11,and c22.For PH,27 QTLs explaining 3.81%–8.54%proportions of phenotypic variance were identified on 18 chromosomes except c02,c08-c12,c15,and c22.For FBN,26 QTLs explaining 3.23%–11.00%proportions of phenotypic variance were identified on 16 chromosomes except c02-c03,c06,c09-c11,c17,c22-c23,and c25.Eight QTLs were simultaneously identified in at least two environments.Three QTL clusters containing seven QTLs were identified on three chromosomes(c01,c18 and c21).Eleven QTLs were the same as previously reported ones,while the rest were newly identified.Conclusions:The QTLs and QTL clusters identified in the current study will be helpful to further understand the genetic mechanism of PH and FBN development of cotton and will enhance the development of excellent cultivars for mechanical managements in cotton production.
