为促进枸杞种子的萌发,探究介质阻挡放电(DBD)产生低温等离子体(NTP)对枸杞种子萌发的影响及最佳处理工艺。以枸杞种子为研究对象,采用自制针板式介质阻挡放电等离子体反应器对枸杞种子进行处理。固定针板电极距离样液的距离为5 mm,考...为促进枸杞种子的萌发,探究介质阻挡放电(DBD)产生低温等离子体(NTP)对枸杞种子萌发的影响及最佳处理工艺。以枸杞种子为研究对象,采用自制针板式介质阻挡放电等离子体反应器对枸杞种子进行处理。固定针板电极距离样液的距离为5 mm,考察在不同放电时间、放电电压及电解质种类情况下介质阻挡放电等离子体对枸杞种子萌发的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,以种子发芽率、活力指数为指标,采用响应面优化枸杞种子处理工艺,通过种皮形貌观察与接触角测定,初步探讨了介质阻挡放电等离子体对种皮结构和性质的影响。结果表明:在放电时间为1 h、放电电压为35 k V、150 m L浓度为0.2%的Na_(2)SO_(4)水样条件下,处理后的枸杞种子发芽率为86.67%,未处理的枸杞种子的发芽率为33.33%,发芽率增加了53.34%;活力指数为600.58,没有处理过的种子的活力指数为206.9,活力指数上升了65.55%。处理后种皮变得平整、纹理模糊,种子亲水性增强。本研究提供了一种清洁、高效提高植物种子萌发率的方法。展开更多
Fuel cells are considered to be one of the ideal alternatives to traditional fossil energy conversion devices.Membrane electrodes are the core components in the hydrogen fuel cells.Our work reported the synthesis of t...Fuel cells are considered to be one of the ideal alternatives to traditional fossil energy conversion devices.Membrane electrodes are the core components in the hydrogen fuel cells.Our work reported the synthesis of the Pt/C catalysts with different Pt loading,and by changing the Nafion content,hot pressing temperature and hot pressing pressure,the catalyst coated membrane(CCM)spraying process was optimized.Moreover,the three-dimensional structure model of the single battery membrane electrode was studied quantitatively,and the porous membrane electrode with gradient distribution was fabricated under optimized processing conditions,with excellent electrical performance.展开更多
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is an important route for generating green hydrogen.However,the development of efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts is crucial for future industrial applications.Amorpho...Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is an important route for generating green hydrogen.However,the development of efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts is crucial for future industrial applications.Amorphous catalysts possess a large specific surface area with abundant structural defects.In addition,their structures can be tuned to provide more efficient active sites,leading to superior water electrolysis activity compared with their crystalline counterparts.In this review,we summarize recent progress on amorphous electrocatalysts for water splitting,with a focus on the reaction mechanisms under both acidic and alkaline conditions,catalyst synthesis,and the application of these catalysts to the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions.Moreover,we highlight the current challenges and promising opportunities relating to amorphous catalysts for electrochemical water splitting.展开更多
文摘为促进枸杞种子的萌发,探究介质阻挡放电(DBD)产生低温等离子体(NTP)对枸杞种子萌发的影响及最佳处理工艺。以枸杞种子为研究对象,采用自制针板式介质阻挡放电等离子体反应器对枸杞种子进行处理。固定针板电极距离样液的距离为5 mm,考察在不同放电时间、放电电压及电解质种类情况下介质阻挡放电等离子体对枸杞种子萌发的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,以种子发芽率、活力指数为指标,采用响应面优化枸杞种子处理工艺,通过种皮形貌观察与接触角测定,初步探讨了介质阻挡放电等离子体对种皮结构和性质的影响。结果表明:在放电时间为1 h、放电电压为35 k V、150 m L浓度为0.2%的Na_(2)SO_(4)水样条件下,处理后的枸杞种子发芽率为86.67%,未处理的枸杞种子的发芽率为33.33%,发芽率增加了53.34%;活力指数为600.58,没有处理过的种子的活力指数为206.9,活力指数上升了65.55%。处理后种皮变得平整、纹理模糊,种子亲水性增强。本研究提供了一种清洁、高效提高植物种子萌发率的方法。
基金This work was financially supported by China Petrochemical Corporation(ST 20006-1,ST 20006-2).
文摘Fuel cells are considered to be one of the ideal alternatives to traditional fossil energy conversion devices.Membrane electrodes are the core components in the hydrogen fuel cells.Our work reported the synthesis of the Pt/C catalysts with different Pt loading,and by changing the Nafion content,hot pressing temperature and hot pressing pressure,the catalyst coated membrane(CCM)spraying process was optimized.Moreover,the three-dimensional structure model of the single battery membrane electrode was studied quantitatively,and the porous membrane electrode with gradient distribution was fabricated under optimized processing conditions,with excellent electrical performance.
基金We are thankful for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20B6002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB4000205).
文摘Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is an important route for generating green hydrogen.However,the development of efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts is crucial for future industrial applications.Amorphous catalysts possess a large specific surface area with abundant structural defects.In addition,their structures can be tuned to provide more efficient active sites,leading to superior water electrolysis activity compared with their crystalline counterparts.In this review,we summarize recent progress on amorphous electrocatalysts for water splitting,with a focus on the reaction mechanisms under both acidic and alkaline conditions,catalyst synthesis,and the application of these catalysts to the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions.Moreover,we highlight the current challenges and promising opportunities relating to amorphous catalysts for electrochemical water splitting.
