Objective Our previous studies established that microRNA(miR)-451 from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(hUC-MSC-Exos)alleviates acute lung injury(ALI).This study aims to elucidate the mechan...Objective Our previous studies established that microRNA(miR)-451 from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(hUC-MSC-Exos)alleviates acute lung injury(ALI).This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which miR-451 in hUC-MSC-Exos reduces ALI by modulating macrophage autophagy.Methods Exosomes were isolated from hUC-MSCs.Severe burn-induced ALI rat models were treated with hUC-MSC-Exos carrying the miR-451 inhibitor.Hematoxylin-eosin staining evaluated inflammatory injury.Enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay measured lipopolysaccharide(LPS),tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1βlevels.qRT-PCR detected miR-451 and tuberous sclerosis complex 1(TSC1)expressions.The regulatory role of miR-451 on TSC1 was determined using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Western blotting determined TSC1 and proteins related to the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and autophagy.Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to examine exosomes phagocytosis in alveolar macrophages and autophagy level.Results hUC-MSC-Exos with miR-451 inhibitor reduced burn-induced ALI and promoted macrophage autophagy.MiR-451 could be transferred from hUC-MSCs to alveolar macrophages via exosomes and directly targeted TSC1.Inhibiting miR-451 in hUC-MSC-Exos elevated TSC1 expression and inactivated the mTOR pathway in alveolar macrophages.Silencing TSC1 activated mTOR signaling and inhibited autophagy,while TSC1 knockdown reversed the autophagy from the miR-451 inhibitor-induced.Conclusion miR-451 from hUC-MSC exosomes improves ALI by suppressing alveolar macrophage autophagy through modulation of the TSC1/mTOR pathway,providing a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.展开更多
College art appreciation courses play an important role in cultivating students’artistic accomplishments and comprehensive development.However,as far as the traditional teaching at colleges is concerned,there exist s...College art appreciation courses play an important role in cultivating students’artistic accomplishments and comprehensive development.However,as far as the traditional teaching at colleges is concerned,there exist some problems.For example,the students are absent-minded about the teachers’intentions.The lack of communication between teachers and students results in the latter’s low enthusiasm for learning and the teaching effect is not significant.Based on the development trend of online learning and the SPOC teaching model in the teaching practice of college art appreciation courses,this paper preliminarily constructs the teaching mode and carries out the teaching practice for one semester as well as combines the teaching practice and then from the three dimensions of students,teachers,and the environment analyzes the key factors that influence teaching practice.At the same time,the paper explores the ways to promote students’enthusiasm and initiative from the aspects of learning time,content,interaction,evaluation,etc.It also corrects and perfects the teaching mode of college art appreciation course based on SPOC,aiming to provide reference for promoting students’comprehensive development and improvement in teaching effects.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Though coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has largely been controlled in China,several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-...Summary What is already known about this topic?Though coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has largely been controlled in China,several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-contaminated products.Though several outbreaks have been traced to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)isolated on the outer packaging of cold chain products,live virus has not been obtained.展开更多
Fever and rash illnesses(FRIs)are a series of common diseaseswith fever and rashes as clinicalmanifestations,most of which are caused by viral infection.The rashes of FRIs are generally nonspecific;therefore it is dif...Fever and rash illnesses(FRIs)are a series of common diseaseswith fever and rashes as clinicalmanifestations,most of which are caused by viral infection.The rashes of FRIs are generally nonspecific;therefore it is difficult to identify FRIassociated viruses solely based on clinical symptoms.To achieve rapid and accurate identification of FRI pathogens,a multiplex one-step real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)assay was developed and evaluated in this study.Primers and probes were selected for the detection of measles virus(MeV),rubella virus(RV),human enterovirus(EV),varicella-zoster virus(VZV),dengue virus(DENV),human parvovirus B19(B19),Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),and human herpes virus 6(HHV-6),which cover the most common pathogenic viruses of FRIs.Detection of the eight FRI-associated viruses,which was divided into two groups/tubes,was simultaneously performed under universal optimized reaction conditions in multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assay.The multiplex realtime RT-PCR showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting the eight FRI-associated viruses.The limits of detection(LODs)for the eight viruses were in the range of 47–177 copies/reaction,and no cross reactions for the eight FRIassociated viruses were found in the multiplex assay.In addition,the results of the multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay were consistent with the results of a monoplex real-time RT-PCR assay and sequencing for clinical specimens obtained from FRI patients.With its advantages of high efficiency and rapid and accurate diagnosis,multiplex real-time RT-PCR was very feasible for the early diagnosis of FRI pathogenic viruses and would be of great help for the proper treatment,monitoring,and initiation of preventive measures for FRI cases.展开更多
Human rhinovirus(HRV)is one of the most important cold-causing pathogens in humans.Piwi-interacting RNAs(piRNAs)are a recently discovered class of small non-coding RNAs whose best-understood function is to repress mob...Human rhinovirus(HRV)is one of the most important cold-causing pathogens in humans.Piwi-interacting RNAs(piRNAs)are a recently discovered class of small non-coding RNAs whose best-understood function is to repress mobile element(ME)activity in animal germline.However,the profile of human/host piRNA during HRV infection is largely unknown.Here we performed high-throughput sequencing of piRNAs from H1-HeLa cells infected with HRV16 at 12 h,24 h,and 36 h.The results showed that 22,151,664,24,362,486 and 22,726,546 piRNAs displayed differential expression after HRV16 infection for three time points.A significant differential expression of 21 piRNAs was found in all time points and further verified by RT-qPCR,including 7 known piRNAs and 14 newly found piRNAs.In addition,piRNA prediction was performed on Piano using the SVM algorithm and transposon information.It found that novel_pir78110,novel_pir78107,novel_pir78097,novel_pir78094 and novel_pir76584 are associated with the DNA/hobo of Drosophila,Ac of maize and Tam3 of snapdragon(hAT)-Charlie transposon.The novel_pir97924,novel_pir105705 and novel_pir105700 recognize long interspersed nuclear elements 1(LINE-1).The novel_pir33182 and novel_pir46604 are related to the long terminal repeat(LTR)/(Endogenous Retrovirus1)ERV1 repetitive element.The novel_pir73855 is related to the LTR/ERVK repetitive element.Both novel_pir70108 and novel_pir70106 are associated with the LTR/ERVL-MaLR repetitive element.The novel_pir15900 is associated with the DNA/hAT-Tip100 repetitive element.Overall,our results indicated that rhinovirus infection could reduce the expression of some piRNAs to facilitate upregulation of LINE-1 transcription or retrotransposons'expression,which is helpful to further explore the mechanism of rhinovirus infection.展开更多
基金supported by the tenth batch of"3221"industrial innovation and scientific research projects in Bengbu City(beng talent[2020]No.8)the 2021 Bengbu Medical College Science and Technology Project[Natural Science,Project Number:2021byzd217].
文摘Objective Our previous studies established that microRNA(miR)-451 from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(hUC-MSC-Exos)alleviates acute lung injury(ALI).This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which miR-451 in hUC-MSC-Exos reduces ALI by modulating macrophage autophagy.Methods Exosomes were isolated from hUC-MSCs.Severe burn-induced ALI rat models were treated with hUC-MSC-Exos carrying the miR-451 inhibitor.Hematoxylin-eosin staining evaluated inflammatory injury.Enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay measured lipopolysaccharide(LPS),tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-1βlevels.qRT-PCR detected miR-451 and tuberous sclerosis complex 1(TSC1)expressions.The regulatory role of miR-451 on TSC1 was determined using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Western blotting determined TSC1 and proteins related to the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and autophagy.Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to examine exosomes phagocytosis in alveolar macrophages and autophagy level.Results hUC-MSC-Exos with miR-451 inhibitor reduced burn-induced ALI and promoted macrophage autophagy.MiR-451 could be transferred from hUC-MSCs to alveolar macrophages via exosomes and directly targeted TSC1.Inhibiting miR-451 in hUC-MSC-Exos elevated TSC1 expression and inactivated the mTOR pathway in alveolar macrophages.Silencing TSC1 activated mTOR signaling and inhibited autophagy,while TSC1 knockdown reversed the autophagy from the miR-451 inhibitor-induced.Conclusion miR-451 from hUC-MSC exosomes improves ALI by suppressing alveolar macrophage autophagy through modulation of the TSC1/mTOR pathway,providing a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.
文摘College art appreciation courses play an important role in cultivating students’artistic accomplishments and comprehensive development.However,as far as the traditional teaching at colleges is concerned,there exist some problems.For example,the students are absent-minded about the teachers’intentions.The lack of communication between teachers and students results in the latter’s low enthusiasm for learning and the teaching effect is not significant.Based on the development trend of online learning and the SPOC teaching model in the teaching practice of college art appreciation courses,this paper preliminarily constructs the teaching mode and carries out the teaching practice for one semester as well as combines the teaching practice and then from the three dimensions of students,teachers,and the environment analyzes the key factors that influence teaching practice.At the same time,the paper explores the ways to promote students’enthusiasm and initiative from the aspects of learning time,content,interaction,evaluation,etc.It also corrects and perfects the teaching mode of college art appreciation course based on SPOC,aiming to provide reference for promoting students’comprehensive development and improvement in teaching effects.
基金The SARS-CoV-2 emergency special project of the Chinese Government and National Key Research and Development Project(Project No.2021YFC0863000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72042012)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(Project No.2017ZX10104001,2018ZX10713002,2018ZX10713001-003,and 2018ZX10711001).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Though coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has largely been controlled in China,several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-contaminated products.Though several outbreaks have been traced to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)isolated on the outer packaging of cold chain products,live virus has not been obtained.
基金supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of the National Ministry of Science[grant numbers 2018ZX10711001,2018ZX10713002,2018ZX10713001-003,and 2017ZX10104001-002].
文摘Fever and rash illnesses(FRIs)are a series of common diseaseswith fever and rashes as clinicalmanifestations,most of which are caused by viral infection.The rashes of FRIs are generally nonspecific;therefore it is difficult to identify FRIassociated viruses solely based on clinical symptoms.To achieve rapid and accurate identification of FRI pathogens,a multiplex one-step real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)assay was developed and evaluated in this study.Primers and probes were selected for the detection of measles virus(MeV),rubella virus(RV),human enterovirus(EV),varicella-zoster virus(VZV),dengue virus(DENV),human parvovirus B19(B19),Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),and human herpes virus 6(HHV-6),which cover the most common pathogenic viruses of FRIs.Detection of the eight FRI-associated viruses,which was divided into two groups/tubes,was simultaneously performed under universal optimized reaction conditions in multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assay.The multiplex realtime RT-PCR showed high sensitivity and specificity in detecting the eight FRI-associated viruses.The limits of detection(LODs)for the eight viruses were in the range of 47–177 copies/reaction,and no cross reactions for the eight FRIassociated viruses were found in the multiplex assay.In addition,the results of the multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay were consistent with the results of a monoplex real-time RT-PCR assay and sequencing for clinical specimens obtained from FRI patients.With its advantages of high efficiency and rapid and accurate diagnosis,multiplex real-time RT-PCR was very feasible for the early diagnosis of FRI pathogenic viruses and would be of great help for the proper treatment,monitoring,and initiation of preventive measures for FRI cases.
基金This work was supported by the China MegaProject for Infectious Disease(2018ZX10102001,2018ZX10711001,2018ZX10734401 and 2018ZX10734404)the SKLID Development Grant(2011SKLID104).
文摘Human rhinovirus(HRV)is one of the most important cold-causing pathogens in humans.Piwi-interacting RNAs(piRNAs)are a recently discovered class of small non-coding RNAs whose best-understood function is to repress mobile element(ME)activity in animal germline.However,the profile of human/host piRNA during HRV infection is largely unknown.Here we performed high-throughput sequencing of piRNAs from H1-HeLa cells infected with HRV16 at 12 h,24 h,and 36 h.The results showed that 22,151,664,24,362,486 and 22,726,546 piRNAs displayed differential expression after HRV16 infection for three time points.A significant differential expression of 21 piRNAs was found in all time points and further verified by RT-qPCR,including 7 known piRNAs and 14 newly found piRNAs.In addition,piRNA prediction was performed on Piano using the SVM algorithm and transposon information.It found that novel_pir78110,novel_pir78107,novel_pir78097,novel_pir78094 and novel_pir76584 are associated with the DNA/hobo of Drosophila,Ac of maize and Tam3 of snapdragon(hAT)-Charlie transposon.The novel_pir97924,novel_pir105705 and novel_pir105700 recognize long interspersed nuclear elements 1(LINE-1).The novel_pir33182 and novel_pir46604 are related to the long terminal repeat(LTR)/(Endogenous Retrovirus1)ERV1 repetitive element.The novel_pir73855 is related to the LTR/ERVK repetitive element.Both novel_pir70108 and novel_pir70106 are associated with the LTR/ERVL-MaLR repetitive element.The novel_pir15900 is associated with the DNA/hAT-Tip100 repetitive element.Overall,our results indicated that rhinovirus infection could reduce the expression of some piRNAs to facilitate upregulation of LINE-1 transcription or retrotransposons'expression,which is helpful to further explore the mechanism of rhinovirus infection.
