Forsterite is a highly demanded material in high-temperature industries due to its superior performance in elevated temperatures.This study proposes synthesizing high-quality forsterite via high-temperature thermochem...Forsterite is a highly demanded material in high-temperature industries due to its superior performance in elevated temperatures.This study proposes synthesizing high-quality forsterite via high-temperature thermochemical reactions using abundant boron mud waste.The new synthesis method capitalizes on the high reactivity of fine raw powder materials,enabling the reaction to reach completion at low temperatures rapidly.The chemical characteristics,microscopic morphology,and structure of synthe-sized samples are systematically studied using XRD and SEM.The results confirm that boron mud can be efficiently transformed into forsterite after 10 min of reactions at 1500℃.The synthesized products attain over 98.7%densification and contain more than 85.0%forsterite with well-developed grains.The activation energy of forsterite grain growth in the 1100-1500℃temperature range is 165.5 kJ/mol.This study provides a low-cost method for producing forsterite and an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for treating solid waste.展开更多
Fluidized-bed reactors are widely employed in various high-temperature industrial processes.Thus,it is crucial to understand the temperature effect on various fluidization phenomena,specifically the minimum fluidizati...Fluidized-bed reactors are widely employed in various high-temperature industrial processes.Thus,it is crucial to understand the temperature effect on various fluidization phenomena,specifically the minimum fluidization velocity(U_(mf))that governs various aspects of fluidized bed behavior.In this study,we comprehensively analyze U_(mf) data from the literature to unravel the complexity and underlying mechanisms of temperature influence on this critical velocity.The research examines experimental data encompassing a wide range of temperatures,pressures,and solid particles.The analysis reveals that the influence of temperature on U_(mf) is fundamentally determined by the relative importance of hydrodynamic forces and interparticle forces within fluidized beds and is realized by three distinctive temperature-induced changes:gas properties,bed voidage,and physiochemical characteristics of particles.On this basis,an equation is derived to enable predictions of temperature influences on the minimum fluidization velocity under broad temperature conditions.展开更多
Turbulent fluidized bed proves effective in industrial processes due to superior heat and mass transfer and chemical reaction performance. However, understanding the transition to turbulent fluidization remains limite...Turbulent fluidized bed proves effective in industrial processes due to superior heat and mass transfer and chemical reaction performance. However, understanding the transition to turbulent fluidization remains limited, especially at temperatures exceeding 1000 ℃, making it challenging to develop high-temperature fluidized bed applications. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the turbulent fluidization onset velocity (U_(c)), measured in a 30 mm diameter bed using corundum particles with average diameters from 0.68 mm to 1.58 mm in temperatures from ambient to 1600 ℃. Experimental results reveal that U_(c) increases with temperature up to 600 ℃, stabilizes within the 600–1200 ℃ range, and then decreases above 1200 ℃, demonstrating the varying relative significance of hydrodynamic and interparticle forces at different temperatures. To help design and operate high-temperature applications of turbulent fluidization, we developed U_(c) correlations based on experimental data from both literature sources and this study, covering temperatures of up to 1600 ℃ and particles of Groups A to D.展开更多
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number U22A20410).
文摘Forsterite is a highly demanded material in high-temperature industries due to its superior performance in elevated temperatures.This study proposes synthesizing high-quality forsterite via high-temperature thermochemical reactions using abundant boron mud waste.The new synthesis method capitalizes on the high reactivity of fine raw powder materials,enabling the reaction to reach completion at low temperatures rapidly.The chemical characteristics,microscopic morphology,and structure of synthe-sized samples are systematically studied using XRD and SEM.The results confirm that boron mud can be efficiently transformed into forsterite after 10 min of reactions at 1500℃.The synthesized products attain over 98.7%densification and contain more than 85.0%forsterite with well-developed grains.The activation energy of forsterite grain growth in the 1100-1500℃temperature range is 165.5 kJ/mol.This study provides a low-cost method for producing forsterite and an efficient and environmentally friendly solution for treating solid waste.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.U22A20410).
文摘Fluidized-bed reactors are widely employed in various high-temperature industrial processes.Thus,it is crucial to understand the temperature effect on various fluidization phenomena,specifically the minimum fluidization velocity(U_(mf))that governs various aspects of fluidized bed behavior.In this study,we comprehensively analyze U_(mf) data from the literature to unravel the complexity and underlying mechanisms of temperature influence on this critical velocity.The research examines experimental data encompassing a wide range of temperatures,pressures,and solid particles.The analysis reveals that the influence of temperature on U_(mf) is fundamentally determined by the relative importance of hydrodynamic forces and interparticle forces within fluidized beds and is realized by three distinctive temperature-induced changes:gas properties,bed voidage,and physiochemical characteristics of particles.On this basis,an equation is derived to enable predictions of temperature influences on the minimum fluidization velocity under broad temperature conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.U22A20410).
文摘Turbulent fluidized bed proves effective in industrial processes due to superior heat and mass transfer and chemical reaction performance. However, understanding the transition to turbulent fluidization remains limited, especially at temperatures exceeding 1000 ℃, making it challenging to develop high-temperature fluidized bed applications. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the turbulent fluidization onset velocity (U_(c)), measured in a 30 mm diameter bed using corundum particles with average diameters from 0.68 mm to 1.58 mm in temperatures from ambient to 1600 ℃. Experimental results reveal that U_(c) increases with temperature up to 600 ℃, stabilizes within the 600–1200 ℃ range, and then decreases above 1200 ℃, demonstrating the varying relative significance of hydrodynamic and interparticle forces at different temperatures. To help design and operate high-temperature applications of turbulent fluidization, we developed U_(c) correlations based on experimental data from both literature sources and this study, covering temperatures of up to 1600 ℃ and particles of Groups A to D.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21406142)Key Laboratory Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(No.LZ2016002)+1 种基金Liaoning Province“Xing Liao Talents Program”High-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team(No.XLYC1808025)Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Research Project(No.XXLJ2019004)。
