The sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of South African chromite was investigated. The negative influence of a solid product layer constituted of a silicon-rich phase and chromium-rich sulfate was eliminated by crushing ...The sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of South African chromite was investigated. The negative influence of a solid product layer constituted of a silicon-rich phase and chromium-rich sulfate was eliminated by crushing the chromite and by selecting proper leaching con- ditions. The dimensionless change in specific surface area and the conversion rate of the chromite were observed to exhibit a proportional re- lationship. A modified shrinking particle model was developed to account for the change in reactive surface area, and the model was fitted to experimental data. The resulting model was observed to describe experimental findings very well. Kinetics analysis revealed that the leach- ing process is controlled by a chemical reaction under the employed experimental conditions and the activation energy of the reaction is 48 kJ.mol-1.展开更多
The characteristics of early-onset(onset age<50 years)and later-onset(onset age≥50 years)cancers differ significantly.Identifying novel risk factors for both types of cancer is crucial for increasing awareness of ...The characteristics of early-onset(onset age<50 years)and later-onset(onset age≥50 years)cancers differ significantly.Identifying novel risk factors for both types of cancer is crucial for increasing awareness of cancer prevention and for reducing its burden.This study aimed to analyze the trends in incidence and risk factors for early-onset and late-onset cancers.We conducted a prospective study by drawing data from the Kailuan Study.This study included 6,741 participants with cancer(624 with early-onset cancer and 6,117 with later-onset cancer)and 6,780 matched controls among the 186,249 participants who underwent Kailuan health examinations from 2006 to 2019.The primary outcomes were cancer incidence rates,and associated risk factors for early-and later-onset cancer.Weighted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of each exposure factor for early-and later-onset cancer by cancer type.Populationattributable risk proportions were used to estimate the number of cases that could be prevented by eliminating a risk factor from the population.Except for liver cancer,incidence rates for nearly all types of cancer increased during the study period.Smoking,alcohol consumption,lipid metabolism disorders,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,fatty liver,and inflammation were associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer at multiple sites,but risk factors for cancer incidence differed by site.Smoking,alcohol consumption,inflammation,and hypertension were the major contributors to preventable cancer.The incidence of several different types of cancer,including earlyonset cancer,is increasing in northeastern China.Differences in risk factors between early-onset and later-onset malignancies may contribute to the divergence in the observed changes in incidence trends between these two specific types of cancer.展开更多
Objective:Fu's subcutaneous needling(FSN)has been shown potential positive effectiveness in clinical practice.However,its specific effects are still not clear.This study aims to evaluate the blinding effect of a n...Objective:Fu's subcutaneous needling(FSN)has been shown potential positive effectiveness in clinical practice.However,its specific effects are still not clear.This study aims to evaluate the blinding effect of a non-penetrating sham FSN needle,developed for the first time by the authors'research team in healthy participants.Furthermore,to provide a reliable control tool to assess the specific effects of FSN.Methods:We conducted a randomized,sham-controlled trial in 60 healthy participants divided into FSN group and sham FSN group in a 1:1 ratio.The participants were assessed according to blinding index(BI),pain intensity,sensation type and acceptability of needling.Results:The James'BI was(0.56,95%CI[0.45,0.67])for two groups.The Bang's BI was(0.50,95%CI[0.24,0.76])in the FSN group and(-0.36,95%CI[-0.67,-0.07])in the sham FSN group.There was no significant difference between needling pain intensity(P>0.05)and type of needling sensation.A total of 96.6%participants who received sham FSN and 86.6%participants who received FSN considered the needling acceptable or better.Conclusion:This study confirmed the effective blinding capability of the sham FSN needles in healthy participants,indicating that the novel non-penetrating sham FSN needle can be served as eligible control to evaluatethe specific effects of FSN.展开更多
BACKGROUND Seek highly effective treatment measures for improving mood and sleep.AIM To explore the effects of mood and depression in patients with endometrial cancer after cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)and mindful...BACKGROUND Seek highly effective treatment measures for improving mood and sleep.AIM To explore the effects of mood and depression in patients with endometrial cancer after cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)and mindfulness-based stress reduction.METHODS In a prospective study,90 patients with diabetes,endometrial cancer,and depression were selected from January 2023 to January 2024 in our hospital.There were 45 patients in the control group and 45 patients in the observation group.In addition to the conventional treatment,the control group received cognitive behavioral treatment,and the observation group:Control group was given to compare changes in mood state and sleep quality before and after the intervention.Follow-up was performed3 months after treatment completion.RESULTS Before treatment,the mood and sleep quality scores between the two groups(P>0.05);in the observation group,the 5 negative mood scores were lower and lower than the control group;the 2 positive mood scores were higher than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);compared with before treatment,the 7 sleep quality scores and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale total score in the observation group and lower in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with diabetes and endometrial cancer,mood state and sleep quality significantly improved after CBT and breathing relaxation.These findings provide new and effective treatment strategies in clinical practice.展开更多
To reveal the formation and evolution behavior of inclusions during magnesium treatment and resulfurization in Al-killed free-cutting steel, both laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were carried out....To reveal the formation and evolution behavior of inclusions during magnesium treatment and resulfurization in Al-killed free-cutting steel, both laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were carried out. The extracted samples were polished and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicated that MgO formed immediately and then transferred to MgO·Al2O3 with the homogenization of [Mg] in steel in the case of low magnesium addition (w[Mg] < 0.0020%). However, MgO would keep stable in the case of high magnesium addition (w[Mg] ≥ 0.0020%). In the process of resulfurization, the addition of sulfur forced the transformation of MgO to MgO·Al2O3 accompanied with the formation of MgS if the mass fraction of [S] in steel was in the range 0.15%-0.70%. MgS precipi-tated as a solid solution containing a quantity of MnS, and the composition of the sulfide solution was calculated to be (Mg0.85Mn0.15)S when the mass fraction of [Mn] was 1.2%. The formation mechanisms of inclusions after magnesium and sulfur additions were discussed comprehensively, and proper models for the evolution of inclusions were set up.展开更多
Background：Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） is a crucial receptor in the innate immune system and noninfectious immune responses.It has been reported that TLR4 participates in the pathological course of ischemia/reperfu...Background：Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） is a crucial receptor in the innate immune system and noninfectious immune responses.It has been reported that TLR4 participates in the pathological course of ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury.However,the role of TLR4 in the process of I/R injury after cardiac arrest （CA） and cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） is still unknown.In this study,we investigated the effects of TLR4 mutation on survival and neurological outcome in a mouse model of CA/CPR.Methods：A model of potassium-induced CA was performed on TLR4-mutant mice （C3H/HeJ） and wild-type mice （C3H/HeN）.After 3 min of untreated CA,resuscitation was attempted with chest compression,ventilation,and intravenous epinephrine.Behavioral tests were performed on mice on day 3 after CPR.The morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were assessed by light and electron microscopy.Expressions of TLR4 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-l） were detected by Western blot.Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and myeloperoxidase （MPO） were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）.Results：On day 3 after resuscitation the overall mortality was 33.33％ in C3H/HeJ group compared with 53.33％ in C3H/HeN group （P ＜ 0.05）.And there was much higher central tendency in C3H/HeJ group than C3H/HeN group during open field test （P ＜ 0.05）.Meanwhile,the percentage of nonviable neurons was 2 1.16％ in C3 H/HeJ group compared with 53.11％ in C3H/HeN group （P ＜ 0.05）.And there were significantly lower levels ofhippocampal TNF-α and MPO in C3H/HeJ mice （TNF-α：6.85±1.19 ng/mL,MPO：0.33±0.11 U/g） than C3 H/HeN mice （TNF-α：11.36±2.12 ng/mL,MPO：0.54±0.17 U/g） （all P ＜ 0.01）.CPR also significantly increased the expressions of TLR4 and ICAM-1 in C3H/HeN group.However,the expression ofICAM-l was much lower in C3H/HeJ group than in C3H/HeN group after CPR （P ＜ 0.01）.Conclusion：TLR4 signaling is involved in brain damage and in inflammation triggered by CA/CPR.展开更多
Rare earth(La,Pr,Sm,Ce and Yb)-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets are prepared by a solvothermal method.The effect of rare earth elements on the structure,morphologies and gas-sensing performance of In_(2)O_(3) nanos...Rare earth(La,Pr,Sm,Ce and Yb)-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets are prepared by a solvothermal method.The effect of rare earth elements on the structure,morphologies and gas-sensing performance of In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets is systematically investigated.The mixed phase composed of c-In_(2)O_(3) and rh-In_(2)O_(3) can be transformed into rh-In_(2)O_(3) by doping with rare earth elements.After doping with rare earth elements,the morphology can be changed from compact nanosheets to porous sheets.Compared with pure In_(2)O_(3) and La,Pr,Sm,Ce-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets,Yb-doped In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets present the best gas-sensing performance.Among 3%-10%Yb-doped samples,6%Yb-doped In_(2)O_(3) porous nanosheets exhibit the optimal gas-sensing performance to 5×10^(-6)-750×10^(-6) acetone,giving a high response of 15.3 toward 50×10^(-6) acetone and fast response/recovery time at the operating temperature of 220℃.Moreover,6% Yb-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheet sensor also exhibits excellent selectivity and stability,indicating its potential in the nextgeneration gas sensor.展开更多
To the Editor： Only a small amount of studies were reported about paraurethral duct infection in males. To investigate the pathogens causing paraurethral duct infection and the secondary paraurethral duct dilation in...To the Editor： Only a small amount of studies were reported about paraurethral duct infection in males. To investigate the pathogens causing paraurethral duct infection and the secondary paraurethral duct dilation in males, and to understand the clinical characteristics and treatment options in paraurethral duct dilation, we retrospectively analyzed the data of male patients with paraurethral duct infection and subsequent paraurethral duct dilation who were treated at the Department of Dermatology of Changshu First People＇s Hospital from January 2000 to October 2013.展开更多
Investigation of plant morphological features, pollen, and habitat have been made for two shrub species from Barrow, Alaska, namely Dryas integrifoila M. Vahl and Salix rotundifolia Trautv., both of which are endemic ...Investigation of plant morphological features, pollen, and habitat have been made for two shrub species from Barrow, Alaska, namely Dryas integrifoila M. Vahl and Salix rotundifolia Trautv., both of which are endemic to the Arctic floristic area. The former species has small lanceolate or plate leaves, whereas the latter has rounded leaves with distinct veins, rich in vitamin C. Both have dwarf and sprawling habits. Pollen studies showed that the pollen grains of the two species are spheroidal to sub-spheroidal or prolate. The type of aperture was tricolporate; pollen size 26.3-31.3 μm; ornamentation finely reticulate under a light microscope （LM） and strlate-reticulate under a scanning electron microscope （SEM） for D. integrafoila and finely reticulate under the LM and SEM for S. rotundifolia. Comparisons were made between the pollen from the same species from Arctic collections with those from China and Japan. Investigation of pollen morphology of tundra plants can provide significant data for comparative studies of fossil pollen and for the reconstruction of paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Barrow area.展开更多
基金support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for the visit of Qing Zhao to bo Akademi University, FinlandThe National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB626812)+2 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of the Ministry of Education of China (No. NCET-11-0077)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China (No. 201102062)the "123 Project" of Liaoning Environmental Research of Geping Green Acts
文摘The sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of South African chromite was investigated. The negative influence of a solid product layer constituted of a silicon-rich phase and chromium-rich sulfate was eliminated by crushing the chromite and by selecting proper leaching con- ditions. The dimensionless change in specific surface area and the conversion rate of the chromite were observed to exhibit a proportional re- lationship. A modified shrinking particle model was developed to account for the change in reactive surface area, and the model was fitted to experimental data. The resulting model was observed to describe experimental findings very well. Kinetics analysis revealed that the leach- ing process is controlled by a chemical reaction under the employed experimental conditions and the activation energy of the reaction is 48 kJ.mol-1.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2009600,2022YFC2009601)to Dr.Hanping ShiThe Jiangxi Province Science Foundation for Youths(20161BAB215187)to Li Deng。
文摘The characteristics of early-onset(onset age<50 years)and later-onset(onset age≥50 years)cancers differ significantly.Identifying novel risk factors for both types of cancer is crucial for increasing awareness of cancer prevention and for reducing its burden.This study aimed to analyze the trends in incidence and risk factors for early-onset and late-onset cancers.We conducted a prospective study by drawing data from the Kailuan Study.This study included 6,741 participants with cancer(624 with early-onset cancer and 6,117 with later-onset cancer)and 6,780 matched controls among the 186,249 participants who underwent Kailuan health examinations from 2006 to 2019.The primary outcomes were cancer incidence rates,and associated risk factors for early-and later-onset cancer.Weighted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of each exposure factor for early-and later-onset cancer by cancer type.Populationattributable risk proportions were used to estimate the number of cases that could be prevented by eliminating a risk factor from the population.Except for liver cancer,incidence rates for nearly all types of cancer increased during the study period.Smoking,alcohol consumption,lipid metabolism disorders,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,fatty liver,and inflammation were associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer at multiple sites,but risk factors for cancer incidence differed by site.Smoking,alcohol consumption,inflammation,and hypertension were the major contributors to preventable cancer.The incidence of several different types of cancer,including earlyonset cancer,is increasing in northeastern China.Differences in risk factors between early-onset and later-onset malignancies may contribute to the divergence in the observed changes in incidence trends between these two specific types of cancer.
基金Supported by Guangdong Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:202,101.
文摘Objective:Fu's subcutaneous needling(FSN)has been shown potential positive effectiveness in clinical practice.However,its specific effects are still not clear.This study aims to evaluate the blinding effect of a non-penetrating sham FSN needle,developed for the first time by the authors'research team in healthy participants.Furthermore,to provide a reliable control tool to assess the specific effects of FSN.Methods:We conducted a randomized,sham-controlled trial in 60 healthy participants divided into FSN group and sham FSN group in a 1:1 ratio.The participants were assessed according to blinding index(BI),pain intensity,sensation type and acceptability of needling.Results:The James'BI was(0.56,95%CI[0.45,0.67])for two groups.The Bang's BI was(0.50,95%CI[0.24,0.76])in the FSN group and(-0.36,95%CI[-0.67,-0.07])in the sham FSN group.There was no significant difference between needling pain intensity(P>0.05)and type of needling sensation.A total of 96.6%participants who received sham FSN and 86.6%participants who received FSN considered the needling acceptable or better.Conclusion:This study confirmed the effective blinding capability of the sham FSN needles in healthy participants,indicating that the novel non-penetrating sham FSN needle can be served as eligible control to evaluatethe specific effects of FSN.
基金Supported by Wuxi Municipal Health Commission Maternal and Child Health Research Project,No.FYKY202301。
文摘BACKGROUND Seek highly effective treatment measures for improving mood and sleep.AIM To explore the effects of mood and depression in patients with endometrial cancer after cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)and mindfulness-based stress reduction.METHODS In a prospective study,90 patients with diabetes,endometrial cancer,and depression were selected from January 2023 to January 2024 in our hospital.There were 45 patients in the control group and 45 patients in the observation group.In addition to the conventional treatment,the control group received cognitive behavioral treatment,and the observation group:Control group was given to compare changes in mood state and sleep quality before and after the intervention.Follow-up was performed3 months after treatment completion.RESULTS Before treatment,the mood and sleep quality scores between the two groups(P>0.05);in the observation group,the 5 negative mood scores were lower and lower than the control group;the 2 positive mood scores were higher than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);compared with before treatment,the 7 sleep quality scores and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale total score in the observation group and lower in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with diabetes and endometrial cancer,mood state and sleep quality significantly improved after CBT and breathing relaxation.These findings provide new and effective treatment strategies in clinical practice.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.NSFC 51674069)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFC0805100).
文摘To reveal the formation and evolution behavior of inclusions during magnesium treatment and resulfurization in Al-killed free-cutting steel, both laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were carried out. The extracted samples were polished and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicated that MgO formed immediately and then transferred to MgO·Al2O3 with the homogenization of [Mg] in steel in the case of low magnesium addition (w[Mg] < 0.0020%). However, MgO would keep stable in the case of high magnesium addition (w[Mg] ≥ 0.0020%). In the process of resulfurization, the addition of sulfur forced the transformation of MgO to MgO·Al2O3 accompanied with the formation of MgS if the mass fraction of [S] in steel was in the range 0.15%-0.70%. MgS precipi-tated as a solid solution containing a quantity of MnS, and the composition of the sulfide solution was calculated to be (Mg0.85Mn0.15)S when the mass fraction of [Mn] was 1.2%. The formation mechanisms of inclusions after magnesium and sulfur additions were discussed comprehensively, and proper models for the evolution of inclusions were set up.
基金This study was funded by the grants from the National Nature Science Foundation of China （No. 81201444, No. 81101401） and should be attributed to Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
文摘Background：Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） is a crucial receptor in the innate immune system and noninfectious immune responses.It has been reported that TLR4 participates in the pathological course of ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury.However,the role of TLR4 in the process of I/R injury after cardiac arrest （CA） and cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） is still unknown.In this study,we investigated the effects of TLR4 mutation on survival and neurological outcome in a mouse model of CA/CPR.Methods：A model of potassium-induced CA was performed on TLR4-mutant mice （C3H/HeJ） and wild-type mice （C3H/HeN）.After 3 min of untreated CA,resuscitation was attempted with chest compression,ventilation,and intravenous epinephrine.Behavioral tests were performed on mice on day 3 after CPR.The morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were assessed by light and electron microscopy.Expressions of TLR4 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-l） were detected by Western blot.Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and myeloperoxidase （MPO） were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）.Results：On day 3 after resuscitation the overall mortality was 33.33％ in C3H/HeJ group compared with 53.33％ in C3H/HeN group （P ＜ 0.05）.And there was much higher central tendency in C3H/HeJ group than C3H/HeN group during open field test （P ＜ 0.05）.Meanwhile,the percentage of nonviable neurons was 2 1.16％ in C3 H/HeJ group compared with 53.11％ in C3H/HeN group （P ＜ 0.05）.And there were significantly lower levels ofhippocampal TNF-α and MPO in C3H/HeJ mice （TNF-α：6.85±1.19 ng/mL,MPO：0.33±0.11 U/g） than C3 H/HeN mice （TNF-α：11.36±2.12 ng/mL,MPO：0.54±0.17 U/g） （all P ＜ 0.01）.CPR also significantly increased the expressions of TLR4 and ICAM-1 in C3H/HeN group.However,the expression ofICAM-l was much lower in C3H/HeJ group than in C3H/HeN group after CPR （P ＜ 0.01）.Conclusion：TLR4 signaling is involved in brain damage and in inflammation triggered by CA/CPR.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51802276,21878257)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.18KJB480009)。
文摘Rare earth(La,Pr,Sm,Ce and Yb)-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets are prepared by a solvothermal method.The effect of rare earth elements on the structure,morphologies and gas-sensing performance of In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets is systematically investigated.The mixed phase composed of c-In_(2)O_(3) and rh-In_(2)O_(3) can be transformed into rh-In_(2)O_(3) by doping with rare earth elements.After doping with rare earth elements,the morphology can be changed from compact nanosheets to porous sheets.Compared with pure In_(2)O_(3) and La,Pr,Sm,Ce-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets,Yb-doped In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets present the best gas-sensing performance.Among 3%-10%Yb-doped samples,6%Yb-doped In_(2)O_(3) porous nanosheets exhibit the optimal gas-sensing performance to 5×10^(-6)-750×10^(-6) acetone,giving a high response of 15.3 toward 50×10^(-6) acetone and fast response/recovery time at the operating temperature of 220℃.Moreover,6% Yb-doped porous In_(2)O_(3) nanosheet sensor also exhibits excellent selectivity and stability,indicating its potential in the nextgeneration gas sensor.
文摘To the Editor： Only a small amount of studies were reported about paraurethral duct infection in males. To investigate the pathogens causing paraurethral duct infection and the secondary paraurethral duct dilation in males, and to understand the clinical characteristics and treatment options in paraurethral duct dilation, we retrospectively analyzed the data of male patients with paraurethral duct infection and subsequent paraurethral duct dilation who were treated at the Department of Dermatology of Changshu First People＇s Hospital from January 2000 to October 2013.
文摘Investigation of plant morphological features, pollen, and habitat have been made for two shrub species from Barrow, Alaska, namely Dryas integrifoila M. Vahl and Salix rotundifolia Trautv., both of which are endemic to the Arctic floristic area. The former species has small lanceolate or plate leaves, whereas the latter has rounded leaves with distinct veins, rich in vitamin C. Both have dwarf and sprawling habits. Pollen studies showed that the pollen grains of the two species are spheroidal to sub-spheroidal or prolate. The type of aperture was tricolporate; pollen size 26.3-31.3 μm; ornamentation finely reticulate under a light microscope （LM） and strlate-reticulate under a scanning electron microscope （SEM） for D. integrafoila and finely reticulate under the LM and SEM for S. rotundifolia. Comparisons were made between the pollen from the same species from Arctic collections with those from China and Japan. Investigation of pollen morphology of tundra plants can provide significant data for comparative studies of fossil pollen and for the reconstruction of paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Barrow area.
