AIM: To investigate the expression patterns of human differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (DEC1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and corresponding adjacent non-tumor and the normal liver tissues, the association betw...AIM: To investigate the expression patterns of human differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (DEC1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and corresponding adjacent non-tumor and the normal liver tissues, the association between DEC1 expression and histopathological variables and the role of DEC1 in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: The expression of DEC1 was detected immunohistochemically in 176 paraffin-embedded sections from 63 patients with HCC and 50 subjects with normal liver tissues. RESULTS: DEC1 protein was persistently expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in normal liver and HCC tissues. Compared with adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, HCC tissues showed high nuclear expression of DEC1 protein. However, high DEC1 nuclear expression was more frequently detected in well-differentiated (83.3%) than in moderately (27.3%) and poorly differentiated HCC (16.7%). Low DEC1 expression was associated with poor histological differentiation and malignancy progression. A correlation was found between the nuclear expression of DEC1 protein and histological differentiation (r = 0.376, P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: DEC1 is expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and because nuclear DEC1 expression is decreased with decreasing differentiation status of HCC, nuclear DEC1 might be a marker of HCC differentiation.展开更多
Detecting target echo in the existence of self-screen jamming is a challenging work for radar system, especially when digital radio frequency memory(DRFM) technique is employed that mixes the jamming and target echo b...Detecting target echo in the existence of self-screen jamming is a challenging work for radar system, especially when digital radio frequency memory(DRFM) technique is employed that mixes the jamming and target echo both in spatial and time-frequency domain. The conventional way to solve this problem would suffer from performance degradation when physical target(PT) and false target(FT) are superposed in time. In this paper, we propose a new spatial filter according to the different correlation characteristic between PT and FT. The filter takes the ratio of expected signal power to expected jamming and noise power as the objective function under the constant filter modulus constraint. The optimal filter coefficients are derived with a generalized rayleigh quotient approach. Moreover, we analytically compute the target detection probability and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method to the correlation coefficient. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to corroborate the proposed studies. Furthermore, the proposed method has simple architecture and low computation complexity, making it easily applied in modern radar system.展开更多
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)is a major cause of acute kidney injury(AKI),which could induce the poor prognosis.The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanism of the functional changes ...Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)is a major cause of acute kidney injury(AKI),which could induce the poor prognosis.The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanism of the functional changes of CD11 b^(+)/Ly6 C^(intermediate)macrophages after renal IRI.The gene expression profiles of CD11 b^(+)/Ly6 C^(intermediate)macrophages of the sham surgery mice,and the mice 4 h,24 h and 9 days after renal IRI were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Analysis of m RNA expression profiles was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs),biological processes and pathways by the series test of cluster.Protein-protein interaction network was constructed and analysed to discover the key genes.A total of 6738 DEGs were identified and assigned to 20 model profiles.DEGs in profile 13 were one of the predominant expression profiles,which are involved in immune cell chemotaxis and proliferation.Signet analysis showed that Atp5 a1,Atp5 o,Cox4 i,Cdc42,Rac2 and Nhp2 were the key genes involved in oxidation-reduction,apoptosis,migration,M1-M2 differentiation,and proliferation of macrophages.RPS18 may be an appreciate reference gene as it was stable in macrophages.The identified DEGs and their enriched pathways investigate factors that may participate in the functional changes of CD11 b^(+)/Ly6 C^(intermediate)macrophages after renal IRI.Moreover,the vital gene Nhp2 may involve the polarization of macrophages,which may be a new target to affect the process of AKI.展开更多
Objective:Atherosclerosis is the fundamental pathophysiologic component of cardiovascular disease,and Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules show great efficiency in the treatment of the disease.However,the mechanism of Tiaozhi Ton...Objective:Atherosclerosis is the fundamental pathophysiologic component of cardiovascular disease,and Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules show great efficiency in the treatment of the disease.However,the mechanism of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules is still unclear.In this study,we have combined experiments with network pharmacology to explore the antiatherosclerosis mechanism of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules.Method:120 male ApoE/mice were randomly divided into three groups:the model group,Chinese herb group and Atorvastatin group.The model group,Atorvastatin group and Chinese herb group were fed with a high-fat diet,a high-fat diet plus atorvastatin(5.1 mg/kg/d)and a high-fat diet plus Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules(16.5 g/kg/d)for 16 weeks,respectively.Atherogenesis was identified by H&E staining.The colocalization of neutral lipid stain BODIPY and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)and the colocalization of BODIPY and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1(LAMP1)within ApoE/mice aortic plaques were tested using fluorescence confocal microscopy and the Pearson’s coefficients were calculated.To further explore the anti-atherosclerosis mechanism of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules,the network pharmacology was used to construct the herb-compound-target network.Results:The size of the aortic lipid plaque in the Chinese herb group and Atorvastatin group were smaller compared with the model group on the 16th week.Compared with the model group on the 16th week,the BODIPY and LC3 colocalization rate,the BODIPY and LAMP1 colocalization rate of the Chinese herb group and Atorvastatin group all presented significant increase in the aortic plaque(P<.001),showing that Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules could enhance autophagosome activity in the macrophage.In the herb-compound-target network,17 active compounds and 27 targets were obtained through literature searching and using LHRI&DAVID Bioinformatics.It was found that 23 targets were correlated with the macrophage.Some of them participated in macrophage inflammatory response,and the other targets could promote/inhibit phagocytosis of the macrophage.It was hypothesized that the active compounds of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules were acting on these targets and having y the biological effects.Conclusions:In the progression stage of atherosclerosis,Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules can still make the macrophage have higher autophagosome activity,and play a role of anti-atherogenesis.展开更多
Objective:ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1)is an integral membrane protein that plays a key role in cellular lipid metabolism,preventing the accumulation of lipids that contribute to the initiation and progre...Objective:ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1)is an integral membrane protein that plays a key role in cellular lipid metabolism,preventing the accumulation of lipids that contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules are a Chinese herbal compound that is capable of treating atherosclerosis.This study was designed to explore the potential pharmacological mechanism by which Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules protect against atherosclerosis.Methods:Forty-nine male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups:normal control group,normal diet;model groups 1 and 2:balloon injury and high-fat diet for 6 or 12 weeks;statin groups 1 and 2:balloon injury and high-fat diet plus atorvastatin for 6 or 12 weeks;and Chinese herb groups 1 and 2:balloon injury and high-fat diet plus Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules for 6 or12 weeks.The granules were administered at a dose of 1.14 g/kg/d,with atorvastatin(1.14 mg/kg/d)serving as positive control.Serum lipid profiles and liver function indices were measured.Atherogenesis was viewed after H&E staining and quantified by thickened intimal area percentage and maximal intimal thickness percentage.The ABCA1 protein expression in atherosclerotic plaque macrophages of the common carotid arteries(CCA),thoracic aortae(TA),and liver tissues were observed by immunohistochemical staining and evaluated using mean optical density(OD)value in macrophages and ABCA1-positive hepatocyte number.Results:Compared with model group 1 at week 6,Chinese herb group 1 and statin group 1 displayed significant reductions in total cholesterol(TC)(PZ0.027,0.012)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)(PZ0.039,0.028)levels,as well as marked increases in ABCA1-positive hepatocyte numbers(P all<0.001),and only statin group 1 displayed a markedly reducedmaximal intimal thickness percentage in the CCA(P Z 0.018).Compared with model group 2 at week 12,Chinese herb group 2 and statin group 2 all presented significant reductions in TC(P Z 0.011,0.003),LDL-C(P Z 0.017,0.010)and thickened intimal area percentage in the CCA(P Z 0.001,0.022),as well as prominent increases in the ABCA1 OD value of both the CCA(P Z 0.001,0.039)and TA(P Z 0.001,0.025)and positive hepatocyte number(P all<0.001).Chinese herb group 2 had a markedly reduced maximal intimal thickness percentage compared with model group 2(P Z 0.006)and a higher positive hepatocytes number than statin group 2(P Z 0.001).Conclusions:Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules appear to have an anti-atherogenic effect that is most likely mediated by simultaneously upregulating the protein expression of ABCA1 in rabbit atherosclerotic plaque macrophages and in the liver.展开更多
Objeotive： Many studies have examined the association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphism gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To ass...Objeotive： Many studies have examined the association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphism gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a me：a-analysis was performed. Methods： The PubMed and CNKI （China National Knowledge Infrastructure） database was searched for case-control studies. Odds ratios （OR） with 95% CIs were used to determine the strength of association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphisms and HCC risk. The pooled ORs for the risk associated with the TNF-308 G/A genotype, the A carriers （A/G ＋ A/A） vs. the wild-type homozygntes （G/G）, A/A vs. G/G were calculated, respectively. Subgroup analyses were done by ethnicity and smoking status. Heterogeneity assumptions were assessed by chi-square-based Q-test. Results： Ultimately, 21 studies, comprising 2,923 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 4,323 controls were included. Overall, the A carriers （G/A ＋ A/A） vs. the wild-type homozygotes （G/G）, the pooled OR was 1.05 （95% CI, 0.93-1.19; P=0.000 for heterogeneity）, for A/A vs. G/G the pooled OR was 1.07 （95% CI, 0.95-1.21; P=0.007 for heterogeneity）. In the stratified analysis by erhnicity, the significantly risks were found among non-Asians. However, for Asians, significantly risks were not found. Conclusions： The TNF-308 G/A polymorphisms are not associated with hepatoceUular carcinoma risk among Asians, but for non-Asians.展开更多
Dear Editor,To tackle the global challenges of climate change and energy secu-r ity, building low carbon energy systems has become a research hotspot. Cyber-physical power systems(CPPSs) is an important infrastructure...Dear Editor,To tackle the global challenges of climate change and energy secu-r ity, building low carbon energy systems has become a research hotspot. Cyber-physical power systems(CPPSs) is an important infrastructure to link both energy and transport systems, two major sectors that are difficult to decarbonize, and it is necessary to establish CPPSs model to consider the integration of both renewable energy and electric vehicle(EV).展开更多
Layered lithium-rich manganese-based oxide(LRMO)has the limitation of inevitable evolution of lattice oxygen release and layered structure transformation.Herein,a multilayer reconstruction strategy is applied to LRMO ...Layered lithium-rich manganese-based oxide(LRMO)has the limitation of inevitable evolution of lattice oxygen release and layered structure transformation.Herein,a multilayer reconstruction strategy is applied to LRMO via facile pyrolysis of potassium Prussian blue.The multilayer interface is visually observed using an atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscope and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope.Combined with the electrochemical characterization,the redox of lattice oxygen is suppressed during the initial charging.In situ X-ray diffraction and the high-resolution transmission electron microscope demonstrate that the suppressed evolution of lattice oxygen eliminates the variation in the unit cell parameters during initial(de)lithiation,which further prevents lattice distortion during long cycling.As a result,the initial Coulombic efficiency of the modified LRMO is up to 87.31%,and the rate capacity and long-term cycle stability also improved considerably.In this work,a facile surface reconstruction strategy is used to suppress vigorous anionic redox,which is expected to stimulate material design in high-performance lithium ion batteries.展开更多
We study the ground state energy of an atom interacting with an oscillating optical field with electric dipole and quadrupole coupling.Under the rotating wave approximation,we derive the effective atomic Hamiltonians ...We study the ground state energy of an atom interacting with an oscillating optical field with electric dipole and quadrupole coupling.Under the rotating wave approximation,we derive the effective atomic Hamiltonians of the dipole/quadrupole coupling term within the perturbation theory up to the second order.Based on the effective Hamiltonians,we analyze the atomic ground-state energy corrections of these two processes in detail.As an application,we find that for alkali-like atoms,the energy correction from the quadrupole coupling is negligible small in comparison with that from the dipole coupling,which justifies the so-called dipole approximation used in literatures.Some special cases where the quadrupole interaction may have considerable energy corrections are also discussed.Our results would be beneficial for the study of atom–light interaction beyond dipole approximation.展开更多
We investigate the polaron and molecular states of a fermionic atom with one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling(SOC)coupled to a three-dimensional spinless Fermi sea.Because of the interplay among the SOC,Raman coupling ...We investigate the polaron and molecular states of a fermionic atom with one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling(SOC)coupled to a three-dimensional spinless Fermi sea.Because of the interplay among the SOC,Raman coupling and spinselected interatomic interactions,the polaron state induced by the spin-orbit coupled impurity exhibits quite unique features.We find that the energy dispersion of the polaron generally has a double-minimum structure,which results in a finite center-of-mass(c.m.)momentum in the ground state,different from the zero-momentum polarons where SOC are introduced into the majority atoms.By further tuning the parameters such as the atomic interaction strength,a discontinuous transition between the polarons with different c.m.momenta may occur,signaled by the singular behavior of the quasiparticle residue and effective mass of the polaron.Meanwhile,the molecular state as well as the polaron-to-molecule transition is also strongly affected by the Raman coupling and the effective Zeeman field,which are introduced by the lasers generating SOC on the impurity atom.We also discuss the effects of a more general spin-dependent interaction and mass ratio.These results would be beneficial for the study of impurity physics brought by SOC.展开更多
The Jaynes–Cummings model with or without rotating-wave approximation plays a major role to study the interaction between atom and light. We investigate the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond the rotating-wave approximati...The Jaynes–Cummings model with or without rotating-wave approximation plays a major role to study the interaction between atom and light. We investigate the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond the rotating-wave approximation. Treating the counter-rotating terms as periodic drivings, we solve the model in the extended Floquet space. It is found that the full energy spectrum folded in the quasi-energy bands can be described by an effective Hamiltonian derived in the highfrequency regime. In contrast to the Z_(2) symmetry of the original model, the effective Hamiltonian bears an enlarged U(1)symmetry with a unique photon-dependent atom-light detuning and coupling strength. We further analyze the energy spectrum, eigenstate fidelity and mean photon number of the resultant polaritons, which are shown to be in accordance with the numerical simulations in the extended Floquet space up to an ultra-strong coupling regime and are not altered significantly for a finite atom-light detuning. Our results suggest that the effective model provides a good starting point to investigate the rich physics brought by counter-rotating terms in the frame of Floquet theory.展开更多
In this paper, the incremental harmonic balance method is employed to solve the periodic solution that a vibration active control system with double time delays generates, and the stability analysis of which is achiev...In this paper, the incremental harmonic balance method is employed to solve the periodic solution that a vibration active control system with double time delays generates, and the stability analysis of which is achieved by the Poincare theorem. The system stability regions can be obtained in view of time delay and feedback gain, the variation of which is also studied. It turns out that along with the increase of time delay, the active control system is not always from stable to unstable, and the system can be from stable to unstable state, whereas the system can be from unstable to stable state. The extent that the two times delays impact to the relative magnitude of the two feedback gains. the condition of the well-matched feedback gains. control strategy of time-delayed feedback.展开更多
With the continuous development of science technology,Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology has slowly garnered wider attention from designers and architecture professionals.BIM,the 3D model-based process that ...With the continuous development of science technology,Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology has slowly garnered wider attention from designers and architecture professionals.BIM,the 3D model-based process that allows for efficient planning,designing,constructing and managing buildings and infrastructure,could potentially revolutionize the building architectural discipline.This paper analyses the significance of the application of BIM technology in architectural lighting design,as well as the application points and the trends.展开更多
Background:There is a need for effective and safe therapies for psoriasis that provide sustained benefits.The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab,an anti-interleukin-23p19 monoclon...Background:There is a need for effective and safe therapies for psoriasis that provide sustained benefits.The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab,an anti-interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody,for treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Chinese patients.Methods:In this multi-center,double-blind,phase III trial,patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were enrolled and randomly assigned(1:1)to receive subcutaneous tildrakizumab 100 mg or placebo at weeks 0 and 4.Patients initially assigned to placebo were switched to receive tildrakizumab at weeks 12,16,and every 12 weeks thereafter.Patients in the tildrakizumab group continued with tildrakizumab at week 16,and every 12 weeks until week 52.The primary endpoint was the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI 75)response rate at week 12.Results:At week 12,tildrakizumab demonstrated significantly higher PASI 75 response rates(66.4%[73/110]vs.12.7%[14/110];difference,51.4%[95%confidence interval(CI),40.72,62.13];P<0.001)and Physician’s Global Assessment(60.9%[67/110]vs.10.0%[11/110];difference,49.1%[95%CI,38.64,59.62];P<0.001)compared to placebo.PASI 75 response continued to improve over time in both tildrakizumab and placebo-switching to tildrakizumab groups,reaching maximal efficacy after 28 weeks(86.8%[92/106]vs.82.4%[89/108])and maintained up to 52 weeks(91.3%[95/104]vs.87.4%[90/103]).Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild and not related to tildrakizumab.Conclusion:Tildrakizumab demonstrated durable efficacy through week 52 and was well tolerated in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT05108766.展开更多
Cell migration is an important biological process regulated by mechanical stimulation,which leads to intracellular calcium response.Cell migration are dependent on the distribution and dynamic changes of intracellular...Cell migration is an important biological process regulated by mechanical stimulation,which leads to intracellular calcium response.Cell migration are dependent on the distribution and dynamic changes of intracellular calcium concentration.However,the temporal relation among mechanical stimulation,cell migration,and intracellular calcium distribution remains unclear.In this study,unidirectional flow and oscillatory flow were applied on osteoclast precursor RAW264.7 cells.The parameters of cell migration under fluid flow and intracellular calcium distribution along the migration or flow direction were calculated.Experimental results suggest the cells to adjust the[Ca^(2+)]_(i) distribution in the migration direction is independent of flow application or the reverse of flow direction,but the[Ca^(2+)]_(i) distribution in the flow direction is determined by the[Ca^(2+)]_(i) distribution-adjusting ability of cells and flow stimulation.Blocking calcium signaling pathways,namely,mechanosensitive cationselective channels,phospholipase C,and endoplasmic reticulum,and removing extracellular calcium inhibited cell migration along the flow direction and the gradient distribution of intracellular calcium.This study provided insights into the mechanism of flow-induced cell migration and quantitative data for the recruitment of osteoclast precursors targeting the location of bone resorption.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation ofChina, No. 81000869the "Spring City Scholars" ConstructionProject of Jinan City (Q2-06)+1 种基金the Key Projects of Science andTechnology of Jinan City, No. 200807027the Youth Sci-ence and Technology Star Project of Jinan City, No. 20080210
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression patterns of human differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (DEC1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and corresponding adjacent non-tumor and the normal liver tissues, the association between DEC1 expression and histopathological variables and the role of DEC1 in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: The expression of DEC1 was detected immunohistochemically in 176 paraffin-embedded sections from 63 patients with HCC and 50 subjects with normal liver tissues. RESULTS: DEC1 protein was persistently expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in normal liver and HCC tissues. Compared with adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, HCC tissues showed high nuclear expression of DEC1 protein. However, high DEC1 nuclear expression was more frequently detected in well-differentiated (83.3%) than in moderately (27.3%) and poorly differentiated HCC (16.7%). Low DEC1 expression was associated with poor histological differentiation and malignancy progression. A correlation was found between the nuclear expression of DEC1 protein and histological differentiation (r = 0.376, P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: DEC1 is expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and because nuclear DEC1 expression is decreased with decreasing differentiation status of HCC, nuclear DEC1 might be a marker of HCC differentiation.
文摘Detecting target echo in the existence of self-screen jamming is a challenging work for radar system, especially when digital radio frequency memory(DRFM) technique is employed that mixes the jamming and target echo both in spatial and time-frequency domain. The conventional way to solve this problem would suffer from performance degradation when physical target(PT) and false target(FT) are superposed in time. In this paper, we propose a new spatial filter according to the different correlation characteristic between PT and FT. The filter takes the ratio of expected signal power to expected jamming and noise power as the objective function under the constant filter modulus constraint. The optimal filter coefficients are derived with a generalized rayleigh quotient approach. Moreover, we analytically compute the target detection probability and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method to the correlation coefficient. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to corroborate the proposed studies. Furthermore, the proposed method has simple architecture and low computation complexity, making it easily applied in modern radar system.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81670634)Graduate student scientific research innovation projects in Jiangsu province(No.KYLX15_0981)Nanjing Medical University Science and Technology Development Fund(No.2016NJMU065)
文摘Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)is a major cause of acute kidney injury(AKI),which could induce the poor prognosis.The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanism of the functional changes of CD11 b^(+)/Ly6 C^(intermediate)macrophages after renal IRI.The gene expression profiles of CD11 b^(+)/Ly6 C^(intermediate)macrophages of the sham surgery mice,and the mice 4 h,24 h and 9 days after renal IRI were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Analysis of m RNA expression profiles was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs),biological processes and pathways by the series test of cluster.Protein-protein interaction network was constructed and analysed to discover the key genes.A total of 6738 DEGs were identified and assigned to 20 model profiles.DEGs in profile 13 were one of the predominant expression profiles,which are involved in immune cell chemotaxis and proliferation.Signet analysis showed that Atp5 a1,Atp5 o,Cox4 i,Cdc42,Rac2 and Nhp2 were the key genes involved in oxidation-reduction,apoptosis,migration,M1-M2 differentiation,and proliferation of macrophages.RPS18 may be an appreciate reference gene as it was stable in macrophages.The identified DEGs and their enriched pathways investigate factors that may participate in the functional changes of CD11 b^(+)/Ly6 C^(intermediate)macrophages after renal IRI.Moreover,the vital gene Nhp2 may involve the polarization of macrophages,which may be a new target to affect the process of AKI.
基金This work was support by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China(No.2011DFA33040).
文摘Objective:Atherosclerosis is the fundamental pathophysiologic component of cardiovascular disease,and Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules show great efficiency in the treatment of the disease.However,the mechanism of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules is still unclear.In this study,we have combined experiments with network pharmacology to explore the antiatherosclerosis mechanism of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules.Method:120 male ApoE/mice were randomly divided into three groups:the model group,Chinese herb group and Atorvastatin group.The model group,Atorvastatin group and Chinese herb group were fed with a high-fat diet,a high-fat diet plus atorvastatin(5.1 mg/kg/d)and a high-fat diet plus Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules(16.5 g/kg/d)for 16 weeks,respectively.Atherogenesis was identified by H&E staining.The colocalization of neutral lipid stain BODIPY and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)and the colocalization of BODIPY and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1(LAMP1)within ApoE/mice aortic plaques were tested using fluorescence confocal microscopy and the Pearson’s coefficients were calculated.To further explore the anti-atherosclerosis mechanism of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules,the network pharmacology was used to construct the herb-compound-target network.Results:The size of the aortic lipid plaque in the Chinese herb group and Atorvastatin group were smaller compared with the model group on the 16th week.Compared with the model group on the 16th week,the BODIPY and LC3 colocalization rate,the BODIPY and LAMP1 colocalization rate of the Chinese herb group and Atorvastatin group all presented significant increase in the aortic plaque(P<.001),showing that Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules could enhance autophagosome activity in the macrophage.In the herb-compound-target network,17 active compounds and 27 targets were obtained through literature searching and using LHRI&DAVID Bioinformatics.It was found that 23 targets were correlated with the macrophage.Some of them participated in macrophage inflammatory response,and the other targets could promote/inhibit phagocytosis of the macrophage.It was hypothesized that the active compounds of Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules were acting on these targets and having y the biological effects.Conclusions:In the progression stage of atherosclerosis,Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules can still make the macrophage have higher autophagosome activity,and play a role of anti-atherogenesis.
基金This work was support by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China(No 2011DFA33040).
文摘Objective:ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1)is an integral membrane protein that plays a key role in cellular lipid metabolism,preventing the accumulation of lipids that contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules are a Chinese herbal compound that is capable of treating atherosclerosis.This study was designed to explore the potential pharmacological mechanism by which Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules protect against atherosclerosis.Methods:Forty-nine male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups:normal control group,normal diet;model groups 1 and 2:balloon injury and high-fat diet for 6 or 12 weeks;statin groups 1 and 2:balloon injury and high-fat diet plus atorvastatin for 6 or 12 weeks;and Chinese herb groups 1 and 2:balloon injury and high-fat diet plus Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules for 6 or12 weeks.The granules were administered at a dose of 1.14 g/kg/d,with atorvastatin(1.14 mg/kg/d)serving as positive control.Serum lipid profiles and liver function indices were measured.Atherogenesis was viewed after H&E staining and quantified by thickened intimal area percentage and maximal intimal thickness percentage.The ABCA1 protein expression in atherosclerotic plaque macrophages of the common carotid arteries(CCA),thoracic aortae(TA),and liver tissues were observed by immunohistochemical staining and evaluated using mean optical density(OD)value in macrophages and ABCA1-positive hepatocyte number.Results:Compared with model group 1 at week 6,Chinese herb group 1 and statin group 1 displayed significant reductions in total cholesterol(TC)(PZ0.027,0.012)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)(PZ0.039,0.028)levels,as well as marked increases in ABCA1-positive hepatocyte numbers(P all<0.001),and only statin group 1 displayed a markedly reducedmaximal intimal thickness percentage in the CCA(P Z 0.018).Compared with model group 2 at week 12,Chinese herb group 2 and statin group 2 all presented significant reductions in TC(P Z 0.011,0.003),LDL-C(P Z 0.017,0.010)and thickened intimal area percentage in the CCA(P Z 0.001,0.022),as well as prominent increases in the ABCA1 OD value of both the CCA(P Z 0.001,0.039)and TA(P Z 0.001,0.025)and positive hepatocyte number(P all<0.001).Chinese herb group 2 had a markedly reduced maximal intimal thickness percentage compared with model group 2(P Z 0.006)and a higher positive hepatocytes number than statin group 2(P Z 0.001).Conclusions:Tiaozhi Tongmai Granules appear to have an anti-atherogenic effect that is most likely mediated by simultaneously upregulating the protein expression of ABCA1 in rabbit atherosclerotic plaque macrophages and in the liver.
文摘Objeotive： Many studies have examined the association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphism gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a me：a-analysis was performed. Methods： The PubMed and CNKI （China National Knowledge Infrastructure） database was searched for case-control studies. Odds ratios （OR） with 95% CIs were used to determine the strength of association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphisms and HCC risk. The pooled ORs for the risk associated with the TNF-308 G/A genotype, the A carriers （A/G ＋ A/A） vs. the wild-type homozygntes （G/G）, A/A vs. G/G were calculated, respectively. Subgroup analyses were done by ethnicity and smoking status. Heterogeneity assumptions were assessed by chi-square-based Q-test. Results： Ultimately, 21 studies, comprising 2,923 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 4,323 controls were included. Overall, the A carriers （G/A ＋ A/A） vs. the wild-type homozygotes （G/G）, the pooled OR was 1.05 （95% CI, 0.93-1.19; P=0.000 for heterogeneity）, for A/A vs. G/G the pooled OR was 1.07 （95% CI, 0.95-1.21; P=0.007 for heterogeneity）. In the stratified analysis by erhnicity, the significantly risks were found among non-Asians. However, for Asians, significantly risks were not found. Conclusions： The TNF-308 G/A polymorphisms are not associated with hepatoceUular carcinoma risk among Asians, but for non-Asians.
基金supported by Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19510750300,21190780300,20JC1414000)111 Project(D18003)the National Science Foundation of China(92067106)。
文摘Dear Editor,To tackle the global challenges of climate change and energy secu-r ity, building low carbon energy systems has become a research hotspot. Cyber-physical power systems(CPPSs) is an important infrastructure to link both energy and transport systems, two major sectors that are difficult to decarbonize, and it is necessary to establish CPPSs model to consider the integration of both renewable energy and electric vehicle(EV).
基金This work was financially supported by the High‐level Talents'Discipline Construction Fund of Shandong University(31370089963078)the Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Major Project(2018JM RH0211 and 2017CXGC1010)+3 种基金the Research Funds of Shandong University(10000089395121)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019MEM052 and ZR2017MEM002)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.52002287)the Start‐up Funding of Wenzhou University are acknowledged.
文摘Layered lithium-rich manganese-based oxide(LRMO)has the limitation of inevitable evolution of lattice oxygen release and layered structure transformation.Herein,a multilayer reconstruction strategy is applied to LRMO via facile pyrolysis of potassium Prussian blue.The multilayer interface is visually observed using an atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscope and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope.Combined with the electrochemical characterization,the redox of lattice oxygen is suppressed during the initial charging.In situ X-ray diffraction and the high-resolution transmission electron microscope demonstrate that the suppressed evolution of lattice oxygen eliminates the variation in the unit cell parameters during initial(de)lithiation,which further prevents lattice distortion during long cycling.As a result,the initial Coulombic efficiency of the modified LRMO is up to 87.31%,and the rate capacity and long-term cycle stability also improved considerably.In this work,a facile surface reconstruction strategy is used to suppress vigorous anionic redox,which is expected to stimulate material design in high-performance lithium ion batteries.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21503138,11247324,61405003,11604225,11404225,and 11474205)the Fund from Beijing Education Committees,China(Grant No.KM201710028004)
文摘We study the ground state energy of an atom interacting with an oscillating optical field with electric dipole and quadrupole coupling.Under the rotating wave approximation,we derive the effective atomic Hamiltonians of the dipole/quadrupole coupling term within the perturbation theory up to the second order.Based on the effective Hamiltonians,we analyze the atomic ground-state energy corrections of these two processes in detail.As an application,we find that for alkali-like atoms,the energy correction from the quadrupole coupling is negligible small in comparison with that from the dipole coupling,which justifies the so-called dipole approximation used in literatures.Some special cases where the quadrupole interaction may have considerable energy corrections are also discussed.Our results would be beneficial for the study of atom–light interaction beyond dipole approximation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11875195)the Foundation of Beijing Education Committees(Grant Nos.CIT&TCD201804074 and KZ201810028043)。
文摘We investigate the polaron and molecular states of a fermionic atom with one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling(SOC)coupled to a three-dimensional spinless Fermi sea.Because of the interplay among the SOC,Raman coupling and spinselected interatomic interactions,the polaron state induced by the spin-orbit coupled impurity exhibits quite unique features.We find that the energy dispersion of the polaron generally has a double-minimum structure,which results in a finite center-of-mass(c.m.)momentum in the ground state,different from the zero-momentum polarons where SOC are introduced into the majority atoms.By further tuning the parameters such as the atomic interaction strength,a discontinuous transition between the polarons with different c.m.momenta may occur,signaled by the singular behavior of the quasiparticle residue and effective mass of the polaron.Meanwhile,the molecular state as well as the polaron-to-molecule transition is also strongly affected by the Raman coupling and the effective Zeeman field,which are introduced by the lasers generating SOC on the impurity atom.We also discuss the effects of a more general spin-dependent interaction and mass ratio.These results would be beneficial for the study of impurity physics brought by SOC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11875195)the Foundation of Beijing Education Committees,China(Grant Nos. CIT&TCD201804074 and KZ201810028043)。
文摘The Jaynes–Cummings model with or without rotating-wave approximation plays a major role to study the interaction between atom and light. We investigate the Jaynes–Cummings model beyond the rotating-wave approximation. Treating the counter-rotating terms as periodic drivings, we solve the model in the extended Floquet space. It is found that the full energy spectrum folded in the quasi-energy bands can be described by an effective Hamiltonian derived in the highfrequency regime. In contrast to the Z_(2) symmetry of the original model, the effective Hamiltonian bears an enlarged U(1)symmetry with a unique photon-dependent atom-light detuning and coupling strength. We further analyze the energy spectrum, eigenstate fidelity and mean photon number of the resultant polaritons, which are shown to be in accordance with the numerical simulations in the extended Floquet space up to an ultra-strong coupling regime and are not altered significantly for a finite atom-light detuning. Our results suggest that the effective model provides a good starting point to investigate the rich physics brought by counter-rotating terms in the frame of Floquet theory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11172226)
文摘In this paper, the incremental harmonic balance method is employed to solve the periodic solution that a vibration active control system with double time delays generates, and the stability analysis of which is achieved by the Poincare theorem. The system stability regions can be obtained in view of time delay and feedback gain, the variation of which is also studied. It turns out that along with the increase of time delay, the active control system is not always from stable to unstable, and the system can be from stable to unstable state, whereas the system can be from unstable to stable state. The extent that the two times delays impact to the relative magnitude of the two feedback gains. the condition of the well-matched feedback gains. control strategy of time-delayed feedback.
文摘With the continuous development of science technology,Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology has slowly garnered wider attention from designers and architecture professionals.BIM,the 3D model-based process that allows for efficient planning,designing,constructing and managing buildings and infrastructure,could potentially revolutionize the building architectural discipline.This paper analyses the significance of the application of BIM technology in architectural lighting design,as well as the application points and the trends.
文摘Background:There is a need for effective and safe therapies for psoriasis that provide sustained benefits.The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab,an anti-interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody,for treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Chinese patients.Methods:In this multi-center,double-blind,phase III trial,patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were enrolled and randomly assigned(1:1)to receive subcutaneous tildrakizumab 100 mg or placebo at weeks 0 and 4.Patients initially assigned to placebo were switched to receive tildrakizumab at weeks 12,16,and every 12 weeks thereafter.Patients in the tildrakizumab group continued with tildrakizumab at week 16,and every 12 weeks until week 52.The primary endpoint was the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI 75)response rate at week 12.Results:At week 12,tildrakizumab demonstrated significantly higher PASI 75 response rates(66.4%[73/110]vs.12.7%[14/110];difference,51.4%[95%confidence interval(CI),40.72,62.13];P<0.001)and Physician’s Global Assessment(60.9%[67/110]vs.10.0%[11/110];difference,49.1%[95%CI,38.64,59.62];P<0.001)compared to placebo.PASI 75 response continued to improve over time in both tildrakizumab and placebo-switching to tildrakizumab groups,reaching maximal efficacy after 28 weeks(86.8%[92/106]vs.82.4%[89/108])and maintained up to 52 weeks(91.3%[95/104]vs.87.4%[90/103]).Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild and not related to tildrakizumab.Conclusion:Tildrakizumab demonstrated durable efficacy through week 52 and was well tolerated in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT05108766.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[12072034(BH),11572043(BH)].
文摘Cell migration is an important biological process regulated by mechanical stimulation,which leads to intracellular calcium response.Cell migration are dependent on the distribution and dynamic changes of intracellular calcium concentration.However,the temporal relation among mechanical stimulation,cell migration,and intracellular calcium distribution remains unclear.In this study,unidirectional flow and oscillatory flow were applied on osteoclast precursor RAW264.7 cells.The parameters of cell migration under fluid flow and intracellular calcium distribution along the migration or flow direction were calculated.Experimental results suggest the cells to adjust the[Ca^(2+)]_(i) distribution in the migration direction is independent of flow application or the reverse of flow direction,but the[Ca^(2+)]_(i) distribution in the flow direction is determined by the[Ca^(2+)]_(i) distribution-adjusting ability of cells and flow stimulation.Blocking calcium signaling pathways,namely,mechanosensitive cationselective channels,phospholipase C,and endoplasmic reticulum,and removing extracellular calcium inhibited cell migration along the flow direction and the gradient distribution of intracellular calcium.This study provided insights into the mechanism of flow-induced cell migration and quantitative data for the recruitment of osteoclast precursors targeting the location of bone resorption.
