Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The ai...Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The aim of this study was to assess the OECD-recommended acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaves. Animals were given a single oral dose of 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight (BW) of the extract. For the anti-inflammatory activity test, rats were given the ethanolic extract of F. umbellata leaves at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg or aspirin® at a concentration of 100 mg/Kg PC orally, one hour before injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin under the plantar fascia of the rat’s right hind paw. Paw volume measurements were taken one, two and three hours after formalin injection, using an electronic caliper. After 14 days of observation, no deaths were observed in treated rats. The LD50 of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaf powder is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. This extract has no significant effects on hematological parameters and on the main markers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity for a single dose of less than 5000 mg/Kg PC. It reduces formalin-induced edema. Evaluation of the percentage inhibition showed that the extract had greater anti-inflammatory activity at 3 hours after the start of the experiment. However, better inhibition of inflammatory oedema of the paw of rats treated with 500 mg/Kg was observed at 5 hours after the start of the experiment, with a percentage inhibition of 69.23 ± 1.02, compared with the reference group treated with aspirin® 100 mg/Kg, which showed an inhibition of 63.50 ± 0.98. These results show that F. umbellata leaves possess anti-inflammatory activity, which would justify their use in traditional African medicine to prevent or treat inflammation.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effect of the aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius root powder on haemostasis parameters and lipid profile in male and female Wistar rats. The plant material co...The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effect of the aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius root powder on haemostasis parameters and lipid profile in male and female Wistar rats. The plant material consisted exclusively of Sarcocephalus latifolius roots harvested in Porto-Novo, southern Benin and certified at the Benin National Herbarium under number YH 790/HNB. The animals were divided into four groups of three rats and gavaged for 14 days. The control rats were given distilled water orally, while the test batches were given 100, 200 and 300 mg/Kg of BW extract respectively. Blood samples were taken on days 7 and 14 of treatment and used to explore the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of haemostasis. These included parameters such as bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and platelet count. Lipid parameters were also explored. Parameters such as total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were studied. Data on days D0, D7 and D14 for each haemostasis parameter and lipid profile were expressed as the mean plus or minus the standard error for each batch of animals. The data on day D0 were compared with those on days D7 and D14 to check whether there was a significant difference between the data obtained. The difference between D0 and D14 was tested using the parametric paired two-sample test using R Studio software and Graphpad Prism 9.5.1 software (733). A significant dose-dependent decrease in bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin and thrombin was recorded, with the exception of the platelet count. As regards lipid parameters, there was a significant dose-dependent reduction in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and an increase in HDL cholesterol. The results confirm that the roots of Sarcocephalus latifolius accelerate the arrest of bleeding, thanks to its ability to stimulate the formation of platelet clots and improve the lipid profile of the animals by eliminating bad cholesterol.展开更多
文摘Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The aim of this study was to assess the OECD-recommended acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaves. Animals were given a single oral dose of 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight (BW) of the extract. For the anti-inflammatory activity test, rats were given the ethanolic extract of F. umbellata leaves at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg or aspirin® at a concentration of 100 mg/Kg PC orally, one hour before injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin under the plantar fascia of the rat’s right hind paw. Paw volume measurements were taken one, two and three hours after formalin injection, using an electronic caliper. After 14 days of observation, no deaths were observed in treated rats. The LD50 of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaf powder is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. This extract has no significant effects on hematological parameters and on the main markers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity for a single dose of less than 5000 mg/Kg PC. It reduces formalin-induced edema. Evaluation of the percentage inhibition showed that the extract had greater anti-inflammatory activity at 3 hours after the start of the experiment. However, better inhibition of inflammatory oedema of the paw of rats treated with 500 mg/Kg was observed at 5 hours after the start of the experiment, with a percentage inhibition of 69.23 ± 1.02, compared with the reference group treated with aspirin® 100 mg/Kg, which showed an inhibition of 63.50 ± 0.98. These results show that F. umbellata leaves possess anti-inflammatory activity, which would justify their use in traditional African medicine to prevent or treat inflammation.
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effect of the aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius root powder on haemostasis parameters and lipid profile in male and female Wistar rats. The plant material consisted exclusively of Sarcocephalus latifolius roots harvested in Porto-Novo, southern Benin and certified at the Benin National Herbarium under number YH 790/HNB. The animals were divided into four groups of three rats and gavaged for 14 days. The control rats were given distilled water orally, while the test batches were given 100, 200 and 300 mg/Kg of BW extract respectively. Blood samples were taken on days 7 and 14 of treatment and used to explore the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of haemostasis. These included parameters such as bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and platelet count. Lipid parameters were also explored. Parameters such as total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were studied. Data on days D0, D7 and D14 for each haemostasis parameter and lipid profile were expressed as the mean plus or minus the standard error for each batch of animals. The data on day D0 were compared with those on days D7 and D14 to check whether there was a significant difference between the data obtained. The difference between D0 and D14 was tested using the parametric paired two-sample test using R Studio software and Graphpad Prism 9.5.1 software (733). A significant dose-dependent decrease in bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin and thrombin was recorded, with the exception of the platelet count. As regards lipid parameters, there was a significant dose-dependent reduction in LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and an increase in HDL cholesterol. The results confirm that the roots of Sarcocephalus latifolius accelerate the arrest of bleeding, thanks to its ability to stimulate the formation of platelet clots and improve the lipid profile of the animals by eliminating bad cholesterol.
