Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a devastating worldwide pandemic infection caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome namely coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)that is associated with a high spreading and mortality rate...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a devastating worldwide pandemic infection caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome namely coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)that is associated with a high spreading and mortality rate.On the date this review was written,SARS-CoV-2 infected about 96 million people and killed about 2 million people.Several arguments disclosed the high mortality of COVID-19 due to acute respiratory distress syndrome or change in the amount of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)receptor expression or cytokine storm strength production.In a similar pattern,hepatic impairment patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibited overexpression of ACE2 receptors and cytokine storm overwhelming,which worsens the hepatic impairment and increases the mortality rate.In this review,the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on hepatic impairment conditions we overviewed.Besides,we focused on the recent studies that indicated cytokine storm as well as ACE2 as the main factors for high COVID-19 spreading and mortality while hinting at the potential therapeutic strategies.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)represents a global health and economic challenge.Hepatic injuries have been approved to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)infection.The ...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)represents a global health and economic challenge.Hepatic injuries have been approved to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)infection.The viral tropism pattern of SARS-CoV-2 can induce hepatic injuries either by itself or by worsening the conditions of patients with hepatic diseases.Besides,other factors have been reported to play a crucial role in the pathological forms of hepatic injuries induced by SARS-CoV-2,including cytokine storm,hypoxia,endothelial cells,and even some treatments for COVID-19.On the other hand,several groups of people could be at risk of hepatic COVID-19 complications,such as pregnant women and neonates.The present review outlines and discusses the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and hepatic injury,hepatic illness comorbidity,and risk factors.Besides,it is focused on the vaccination process and the role of developed vac-cines in preventing hepatic injuries due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.展开更多
One of the significant health issues in the world is the prevalence of ulcerative colitis(UC).UC is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the colon,beginning with the rectum,and can progress from asymptomatic mild in...One of the significant health issues in the world is the prevalence of ulcerative colitis(UC).UC is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the colon,beginning with the rectum,and can progress from asymptomatic mild inflammation to extensive inflammation of the entire colon.Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of UC pathogenesis emphasizes the need for innovative therapeutic approaches based on identifying molecular targets.Interestingly,in response to cellular injury,the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome is a crucial part of the inflammation and immunological reaction by promoting caspase-1 activation and the release of interleukin-1β.This review discusses the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by various signals and its regulation and impact on UC.展开更多
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a devastating worldwide pandemic infection caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome namely coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)that is associated with a high spreading and mortality rate.On the date this review was written,SARS-CoV-2 infected about 96 million people and killed about 2 million people.Several arguments disclosed the high mortality of COVID-19 due to acute respiratory distress syndrome or change in the amount of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)receptor expression or cytokine storm strength production.In a similar pattern,hepatic impairment patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibited overexpression of ACE2 receptors and cytokine storm overwhelming,which worsens the hepatic impairment and increases the mortality rate.In this review,the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on hepatic impairment conditions we overviewed.Besides,we focused on the recent studies that indicated cytokine storm as well as ACE2 as the main factors for high COVID-19 spreading and mortality while hinting at the potential therapeutic strategies.
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)represents a global health and economic challenge.Hepatic injuries have been approved to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)infection.The viral tropism pattern of SARS-CoV-2 can induce hepatic injuries either by itself or by worsening the conditions of patients with hepatic diseases.Besides,other factors have been reported to play a crucial role in the pathological forms of hepatic injuries induced by SARS-CoV-2,including cytokine storm,hypoxia,endothelial cells,and even some treatments for COVID-19.On the other hand,several groups of people could be at risk of hepatic COVID-19 complications,such as pregnant women and neonates.The present review outlines and discusses the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and hepatic injury,hepatic illness comorbidity,and risk factors.Besides,it is focused on the vaccination process and the role of developed vac-cines in preventing hepatic injuries due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
文摘One of the significant health issues in the world is the prevalence of ulcerative colitis(UC).UC is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the colon,beginning with the rectum,and can progress from asymptomatic mild inflammation to extensive inflammation of the entire colon.Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of UC pathogenesis emphasizes the need for innovative therapeutic approaches based on identifying molecular targets.Interestingly,in response to cellular injury,the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome is a crucial part of the inflammation and immunological reaction by promoting caspase-1 activation and the release of interleukin-1β.This review discusses the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by various signals and its regulation and impact on UC.
