Annonaceous acetogenins (ACG), belonging to the family Annonaceae, represent a class of bioactive compounds whose toxic effects have been reported for several spe-cies of insects. Given their insecticidal properties, ...Annonaceous acetogenins (ACG), belonging to the family Annonaceae, represent a class of bioactive compounds whose toxic effects have been reported for several spe-cies of insects. Given their insecticidal properties, we first carried out the isolation of the ACG from a Brazilian collection of the seeds of Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) and prepared their methoxy methylated (MOM) and acetylated (OAc) derivatives by chemical methods. ACG analogues were semi-synthesized and characterized by spec-troscopic techniques (<sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR). We isolated ten natural acetogenins: squamo-cin, molvizarin, motrilin, rolliniastatin-2, almunequin, cherimolin-1, cherimolin-2, an-nonacin, squamocin D and asiminecin. The main objective of this study is to report the antifeedant, toxic and nutritional effects of three of those natural acetogenins and their acetylated and methoxy methylated derivatives on Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lep-idoptera: Noctuidae). The natural ACGs squamocin and molvizarin killed 100% of S. frugiperda larvae, followed by motrilin (80%). Acetylated derivatives had less toxic and nutritional effects that led to pupal mortality and adult fatal malformations. The addition of MOM derivatives to the larval diet has not toxic effects on larvae, but significantly reduces growth rate and efficiency in conversion of ingested food into biomass, affecting adult survival.展开更多
Background: Annonaceous acetogenins enclose a large number of biological activities, among which the insecticidal stands out. Methods: We report herein the biocide effects of natural acetogenins from Annona squamosa, ...Background: Annonaceous acetogenins enclose a large number of biological activities, among which the insecticidal stands out. Methods: We report herein the biocide effects of natural acetogenins from Annona squamosa, A.?muricata and A. montana seeds: annonacin, cis-annonacin, cis-annonacin-10- one, asimicin, rolliniastatin-2, cherimolin-1, cherimolin-2, almuñequin, and two β-OH acetogenins: laherradurin and itrabin on Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Also, some acetylated and methoxy methylated ACG derivatives were synthesized and evaluated: annonacin (3 OAc), annonacin (4 OAc), asimicin (3 OAc), rolliniastatin-2 (3 OAc), rolliniastatin-2 (MOM), laherradurin (3 OAc) and itrabin (3 OAc). Results: The natural acetogenin rolliniastatin-2 (100 μg·g-1 of diet) produced the most important toxic action causing 100% mortality of early instar larvae. Derivatization of ACG yielded compounds that produced nutritional alterations. The incorporation of rolliniastatin-2 (3 OAc) and rolliniastatin-2 (3 MOM) (100 μg·g-1) into the artificial diet of Spodoptera frugiperdadisplayed the strongest antifeedant effects causing marked decreasings in larval growth and adult lethal malformations. Conclusion: Natural acetogenins are promising metabolites for insect control. Derivatization of these compounds reduces their toxicity to early instar larvae.展开更多
文摘Annonaceous acetogenins (ACG), belonging to the family Annonaceae, represent a class of bioactive compounds whose toxic effects have been reported for several spe-cies of insects. Given their insecticidal properties, we first carried out the isolation of the ACG from a Brazilian collection of the seeds of Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) and prepared their methoxy methylated (MOM) and acetylated (OAc) derivatives by chemical methods. ACG analogues were semi-synthesized and characterized by spec-troscopic techniques (<sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR). We isolated ten natural acetogenins: squamo-cin, molvizarin, motrilin, rolliniastatin-2, almunequin, cherimolin-1, cherimolin-2, an-nonacin, squamocin D and asiminecin. The main objective of this study is to report the antifeedant, toxic and nutritional effects of three of those natural acetogenins and their acetylated and methoxy methylated derivatives on Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lep-idoptera: Noctuidae). The natural ACGs squamocin and molvizarin killed 100% of S. frugiperda larvae, followed by motrilin (80%). Acetylated derivatives had less toxic and nutritional effects that led to pupal mortality and adult fatal malformations. The addition of MOM derivatives to the larval diet has not toxic effects on larvae, but significantly reduces growth rate and efficiency in conversion of ingested food into biomass, affecting adult survival.
文摘Background: Annonaceous acetogenins enclose a large number of biological activities, among which the insecticidal stands out. Methods: We report herein the biocide effects of natural acetogenins from Annona squamosa, A.?muricata and A. montana seeds: annonacin, cis-annonacin, cis-annonacin-10- one, asimicin, rolliniastatin-2, cherimolin-1, cherimolin-2, almuñequin, and two β-OH acetogenins: laherradurin and itrabin on Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Also, some acetylated and methoxy methylated ACG derivatives were synthesized and evaluated: annonacin (3 OAc), annonacin (4 OAc), asimicin (3 OAc), rolliniastatin-2 (3 OAc), rolliniastatin-2 (MOM), laherradurin (3 OAc) and itrabin (3 OAc). Results: The natural acetogenin rolliniastatin-2 (100 μg·g-1 of diet) produced the most important toxic action causing 100% mortality of early instar larvae. Derivatization of ACG yielded compounds that produced nutritional alterations. The incorporation of rolliniastatin-2 (3 OAc) and rolliniastatin-2 (3 MOM) (100 μg·g-1) into the artificial diet of Spodoptera frugiperdadisplayed the strongest antifeedant effects causing marked decreasings in larval growth and adult lethal malformations. Conclusion: Natural acetogenins are promising metabolites for insect control. Derivatization of these compounds reduces their toxicity to early instar larvae.
