The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is a satellite-borne detector for high-energy cosmic rays and y-rays.To fully understand the detector performance and obtain reliable physical results,extensive simulations of t...The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is a satellite-borne detector for high-energy cosmic rays and y-rays.To fully understand the detector performance and obtain reliable physical results,extensive simulations of the detector are necessary.The simulations are particularly important for the data analysis of cosmic ray nuclei,which relies closely on the hadronic and nuclear interactions of particles in the detector material.Widely adopted simulation softwares include the GEANT4 and FLUKA,both of which have been implemented for the DAMPE simulation tool.Here we describe the simulation tool of DAMPE and compare the results of proton shower properties in the calorimeter from the two simulation softwares.Such a comparison gives an estimate of the most significant uncertainties of our proton spectral analysis.展开更多
Apparently,the genomes of many organisms are pervasively transcribed,and long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)make up the majority of cellular transcripts.LncRNAs have been reported to play important roles in many biological p...Apparently,the genomes of many organisms are pervasively transcribed,and long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)make up the majority of cellular transcripts.LncRNAs have been reported to play important roles in many biological processes;however,their effects on locomotion are poorly understood.Here,we presented a novel lncRNA,Locomotion Regulatory Gene(LRG),which participates in locomotion by sequestering Synaptotagmin 1(SYT1).LRG deficiency resulted in higher locomotion speed which could be rescued by pan-neuronal overexpression but not by limited ellipsoid body,motoneuron or muscle-expression of LRG.At the molecular level,the synaptic vesicles(SVs)release and movement-related SYT1 protein was recognized as LRG-interacting protein candidate.Furthermore,LRG had no effects on SYT1 expression.Genetically,the behavioral defects in LRG mutant could be rescued by pan-neuronal knock-down of Syt1.Taken together,all the results suggested LRG exerts regulatory effects on locomotion via sequestering SYT1 thereby blocking its function without affecting its expression.Our work displays a new function of lncRNA and provides insights for revealing the pathogenesis of neurological diseases with motor disorders.展开更多
Precise measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays(CRs)show various kinds of features deviating from single power-laws,which give very interesting and important implications on their origin and propagation.Prev...Precise measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays(CRs)show various kinds of features deviating from single power-laws,which give very interesting and important implications on their origin and propagation.Previous measurements from a few balloon and space experiments indicate the existence of spectral softenings around 10 TV for protons(and probably also for Helium nuclei).Very recently,the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)measurement about the proton spectrum clearly reveals such a softening with a high significance.Here we study the implications of these new measurements,as well as the groundbased indirect measurements,on the origin of CRs.We find that a single component of CRs fails to fit the spectral softening and the air shower experiment data simultaneously.In the framework of multiple components,we discuss two possible scenarios,the multiple source population scenario and the background plus nearby source scenario.Both scenarios give reasonable fits to the wide-band data from TeV to 100 PeV energies.Considering the anisotropy observations,the nearby source model is favored.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11722328,11773085,U1738127,U1738138,U1738205,U1738207,and 11851305)+4 种基金the 100 Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Youth Innovation Promotion Association CASthe Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneur in Jiangsusupported by the Swiss National Science Foundation(SNSF),Switzerlandthe National Institute for Nuclear Physics(INFN),Italy。
文摘The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is a satellite-borne detector for high-energy cosmic rays and y-rays.To fully understand the detector performance and obtain reliable physical results,extensive simulations of the detector are necessary.The simulations are particularly important for the data analysis of cosmic ray nuclei,which relies closely on the hadronic and nuclear interactions of particles in the detector material.Widely adopted simulation softwares include the GEANT4 and FLUKA,both of which have been implemented for the DAMPE simulation tool.Here we describe the simulation tool of DAMPE and compare the results of proton shower properties in the calorimeter from the two simulation softwares.Such a comparison gives an estimate of the most significant uncertainties of our proton spectral analysis.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571033,32220103007)Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2293720/T2293722)Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB37030303)。
文摘Apparently,the genomes of many organisms are pervasively transcribed,and long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)make up the majority of cellular transcripts.LncRNAs have been reported to play important roles in many biological processes;however,their effects on locomotion are poorly understood.Here,we presented a novel lncRNA,Locomotion Regulatory Gene(LRG),which participates in locomotion by sequestering Synaptotagmin 1(SYT1).LRG deficiency resulted in higher locomotion speed which could be rescued by pan-neuronal overexpression but not by limited ellipsoid body,motoneuron or muscle-expression of LRG.At the molecular level,the synaptic vesicles(SVs)release and movement-related SYT1 protein was recognized as LRG-interacting protein candidate.Furthermore,LRG had no effects on SYT1 expression.Genetically,the behavioral defects in LRG mutant could be rescued by pan-neuronal knock-down of Syt1.Taken together,all the results suggested LRG exerts regulatory effects on locomotion via sequestering SYT1 thereby blocking its function without affecting its expression.Our work displays a new function of lncRNA and provides insights for revealing the pathogenesis of neurological diseases with motor disorders.
基金the Na-tional Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0400200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11722328,11525313,U1738205,and 11851305)the 100 Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Precise measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays(CRs)show various kinds of features deviating from single power-laws,which give very interesting and important implications on their origin and propagation.Previous measurements from a few balloon and space experiments indicate the existence of spectral softenings around 10 TV for protons(and probably also for Helium nuclei).Very recently,the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)measurement about the proton spectrum clearly reveals such a softening with a high significance.Here we study the implications of these new measurements,as well as the groundbased indirect measurements,on the origin of CRs.We find that a single component of CRs fails to fit the spectral softening and the air shower experiment data simultaneously.In the framework of multiple components,we discuss two possible scenarios,the multiple source population scenario and the background plus nearby source scenario.Both scenarios give reasonable fits to the wide-band data from TeV to 100 PeV energies.Considering the anisotropy observations,the nearby source model is favored.
