BACKGROUND Postoperative infections remain a significant source of morbidity among patients undergoing colorectal cancer(CRC)surgery.While probiotics have been pro-posed as a potential strategy to mitigate the risk of...BACKGROUND Postoperative infections remain a significant source of morbidity among patients undergoing colorectal cancer(CRC)surgery.While probiotics have been pro-posed as a potential strategy to mitigate the risk of these infections,contemporary meta-analyses have produced conflicting findings.AIM To synthesize the available evidence regarding the prophylactic efficacy of probiotics in preventing infections following CRC surgery.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus was conducted to identify relevant meta-analyses published up to February 2024.To assess the efficacy of probiotics on outcomes,relative risks(RR)and their corresponding 95%CI were pooled using a random effects model.RESULTS This comprehensive umbrella meta-analysis integrated eleven meta-analyses encompassing 11518 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria.Probiotics administration resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of total infections(RR:0.40,95%CI:0.31-0.51;moderate certainty),surgical site infections(RR:0.56,95%CI:0.49-0.63;high certainty),pneumonia(RR:0.38,95%CI:0.30-0.48;high certainty),urinary tract infections(RR:0.44,95%CI:0.31-0.61;moderate certainty),bacteremia(RR:0.41,95%CI:0.30-0.56;high certainty),and sepsis(RR:0.35,95%CI:0.25-0.44;high certainty).However,probiotics did not significantly affect intra-abdominal,central line,or peritoneal infections.CONCLUSION Probiotics have demonstrated potential in mitigating postoperative infectious complications among patients undergoing CRC surgery.展开更多
Objective The impact of thrombus migration(TM)prior to endovascular thrombectomy(EVT)on clinical outcomes and revascularisation rates remains unknown.We aimed to examine whether preinterventional TM modifies the treat...Objective The impact of thrombus migration(TM)prior to endovascular thrombectomy(EVT)on clinical outcomes and revascularisation rates remains unknown.We aimed to examine whether preinterventional TM modifies the treatment effects of direct EVT versus bridging EVT in acute large vessel occlusion patients.Methods All patients undergoing catheter angiography in the Direct Intra-arterial thrombectomy in order to Revascularise acute ischaemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion Efficiently in Chinese Tertiary hospitals:A Multicentre randomised clinical Trial were included.TM was determined by radiologists unaware of the study by analysing discrepancies between computed tomographic angiography at baseline and first-run digital subtraction angiography before EVT.The primary outcome was the score on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)assessed at 90 days.Results Of 627 included patients,the TM rate was 11.3%(71/627).In the multivariable logistic regression model,baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score(adjusted OR 0.956,95%CI 0.916 to 0.999;p=0.043)and intravenous thrombolysis(adjusted OR 2.614,95%CI 1.514 to 4.514;p<0.001)were independently associated with TM.The patients with TM were less likely to be completely recanalised than those without TM(21.27%vs 36.23%,p=0.040).The interaction of TM and the EVT treatment effect did not significantly affect mRS shift analysis(p=0.687)or mRS scores of 0 to 1(p=0.436).Conclusion Preinterventional TM does not modify the treatment effects of direct versus bridging EVT on functional outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke with anterior large vessel occlusion.TM leads to a lower complete recanalisation rate.展开更多
Polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is a desirable alternative to conventional biomedical metals for orthopedic implants due to the excellent mechanical properties.However,the inherent bioinertness of PEEK contributes to inferi...Polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is a desirable alternative to conventional biomedical metals for orthopedic implants due to the excellent mechanical properties.However,the inherent bioinertness of PEEK contributes to inferior osseointegration of PEEK implants,especially under pathological conditions of osteoporosis.Herein,a programmed surface is designed and fabricated on PEEK to dictate osteoimmunomodulation and bone regeneration sequentially.A degradable hybrid coating consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)and alendronate(ALN)loaded nano-hydroxyapatite is deposited on PEEK and then interleukin-4(IL-4)is grafted onto the outer surface of the hybrid coating with the aid of N_(2) plasma immersion ion implantation and subsequent immersion in IL-4 solution.Dominant release of IL-4 together with ALN and Ca^(2+) during the first few days synergistically mitigates the early acute inflammatory reactions and creates an osteoimmunomodulatory microenvironment that facilitates bone regeneration.Afterwards,slow and sustained delivery of ALN and Ca^(2+) in the following weeks boosts osteogenesis and suppresses osteoclastogenesis simultaneously,consequently ameliorating bone-implant osseointegration even under osteoporotic conditions.By taking into account the different phases in bone repair,this strategy of constructing advanced bone implants with sequential functions provides customizable and clinically viable therapy to osteoporotic patients.展开更多
The immune responses are involved in every stage after implantation but the reported immune-regulated materials only work at the beginning without fully considering the different phases of bone healing.Here,poly(aryl-...The immune responses are involved in every stage after implantation but the reported immune-regulated materials only work at the beginning without fully considering the different phases of bone healing.Here,poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone)(PEEK)is coated with a programmed surface,which rapidly releases interleukin-10(IL-10)in the first week and slowly delivers dexamethasone(DEX)up to 4 weeks.Owing to the synergistic effects of IL-10 and DEX,an aptly weak inflammation is triggered within the first week,followed by significant M2 polarization of macrophages and upregulation of the autophagy-related factors.The suitable immunomodulatory activities pave the way for osteogenesis and the steady release of DEX facilitates bone regeneration thereafter.The sequential immune-mediated process is also validated by an 8-week implementation on a rat model.This is the first attempt to construct implants by taking advantage of both immune-mediated modulation and sequential regulation spanning all bone regeneration phases,which provides insights into the fabrication of advanced biomaterials for tissue engineering and immunological therapeutics.展开更多
High electron mobility transistors(HEMT) have the potential to be used as high-sensitivity and realtime biosensors. HEMT biosensors have great market prospects. For the application of HEMT biosensors, the electric pro...High electron mobility transistors(HEMT) have the potential to be used as high-sensitivity and realtime biosensors. HEMT biosensors have great market prospects. For the application of HEMT biosensors, the electric properties consistency of the inter-chip performance have an important influence on the stability and repeatability of the detection. In this research, we fabricated GaAs/AlGaAs HEMT biosensors of different epitaxial structures and device structures to study the electric properties consistency. We study the relationship between channel size and consistency. We investigated the distribution of device current with location on 2 inch GaAs wafer. Based on the studies, the optimal device of a GaAs HEMT biosensor is an A-type epitaxial structure, and a U-type device structure, L = 40μm, W= 200 μm.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative infections remain a significant source of morbidity among patients undergoing colorectal cancer(CRC)surgery.While probiotics have been pro-posed as a potential strategy to mitigate the risk of these infections,contemporary meta-analyses have produced conflicting findings.AIM To synthesize the available evidence regarding the prophylactic efficacy of probiotics in preventing infections following CRC surgery.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus was conducted to identify relevant meta-analyses published up to February 2024.To assess the efficacy of probiotics on outcomes,relative risks(RR)and their corresponding 95%CI were pooled using a random effects model.RESULTS This comprehensive umbrella meta-analysis integrated eleven meta-analyses encompassing 11518 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria.Probiotics administration resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of total infections(RR:0.40,95%CI:0.31-0.51;moderate certainty),surgical site infections(RR:0.56,95%CI:0.49-0.63;high certainty),pneumonia(RR:0.38,95%CI:0.30-0.48;high certainty),urinary tract infections(RR:0.44,95%CI:0.31-0.61;moderate certainty),bacteremia(RR:0.41,95%CI:0.30-0.56;high certainty),and sepsis(RR:0.35,95%CI:0.25-0.44;high certainty).However,probiotics did not significantly affect intra-abdominal,central line,or peritoneal infections.CONCLUSION Probiotics have demonstrated potential in mitigating postoperative infectious complications among patients undergoing CRC surgery.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81825007)Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(No.BJJWZYJH01201910025030)+5 种基金Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research(2022-2-2045)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1501500,2022YFF1501501,2022YFF1501502,2022YFF1501503,2022YFF1501504,2022YFF1501505)Youth Beijing Scholar Program(No.010)Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health(PXM2021_014226_000041)Beijing Talent Project-Class A:Innovation and Development(No.2018A12)National Ten-Thousand Talent Plan-Leadership of Scientific and Technological Innovation,and National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC1307900,2017YFC1307905).
文摘Objective The impact of thrombus migration(TM)prior to endovascular thrombectomy(EVT)on clinical outcomes and revascularisation rates remains unknown.We aimed to examine whether preinterventional TM modifies the treatment effects of direct EVT versus bridging EVT in acute large vessel occlusion patients.Methods All patients undergoing catheter angiography in the Direct Intra-arterial thrombectomy in order to Revascularise acute ischaemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion Efficiently in Chinese Tertiary hospitals:A Multicentre randomised clinical Trial were included.TM was determined by radiologists unaware of the study by analysing discrepancies between computed tomographic angiography at baseline and first-run digital subtraction angiography before EVT.The primary outcome was the score on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)assessed at 90 days.Results Of 627 included patients,the TM rate was 11.3%(71/627).In the multivariable logistic regression model,baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score(adjusted OR 0.956,95%CI 0.916 to 0.999;p=0.043)and intravenous thrombolysis(adjusted OR 2.614,95%CI 1.514 to 4.514;p<0.001)were independently associated with TM.The patients with TM were less likely to be completely recanalised than those without TM(21.27%vs 36.23%,p=0.040).The interaction of TM and the EVT treatment effect did not significantly affect mRS shift analysis(p=0.687)or mRS scores of 0 to 1(p=0.436).Conclusion Preinterventional TM does not modify the treatment effects of direct versus bridging EVT on functional outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke with anterior large vessel occlusion.TM leads to a lower complete recanalisation rate.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31922040 and 82001965)Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Funding(Nos.SGLH20180625144002074,JCYJ20180507182637685,and JCYJ20190806165616542)+5 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.2017416 and 2020353)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020B1515120078)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M663190)SIAT Innovation Program for Excellent Young Researchers(E1G034)Nanchong Science and Technology Project(No.20SXQT0302)City University of Hong Kong Strategic Research Grant(SRG)(No.7005505).
文摘Polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is a desirable alternative to conventional biomedical metals for orthopedic implants due to the excellent mechanical properties.However,the inherent bioinertness of PEEK contributes to inferior osseointegration of PEEK implants,especially under pathological conditions of osteoporosis.Herein,a programmed surface is designed and fabricated on PEEK to dictate osteoimmunomodulation and bone regeneration sequentially.A degradable hybrid coating consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)and alendronate(ALN)loaded nano-hydroxyapatite is deposited on PEEK and then interleukin-4(IL-4)is grafted onto the outer surface of the hybrid coating with the aid of N_(2) plasma immersion ion implantation and subsequent immersion in IL-4 solution.Dominant release of IL-4 together with ALN and Ca^(2+) during the first few days synergistically mitigates the early acute inflammatory reactions and creates an osteoimmunomodulatory microenvironment that facilitates bone regeneration.Afterwards,slow and sustained delivery of ALN and Ca^(2+) in the following weeks boosts osteogenesis and suppresses osteoclastogenesis simultaneously,consequently ameliorating bone-implant osseointegration even under osteoporotic conditions.By taking into account the different phases in bone repair,this strategy of constructing advanced bone implants with sequential functions provides customizable and clinically viable therapy to osteoporotic patients.
基金The authors acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.31922040 and 32000962)Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Funding(nos.SGLH20180625144002074 and JCYJ20180507182637685)+4 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(no.2020B1515120078)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(nos.2017416 and 2020353)Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovative Collaborative Research and Development Program(no.9240014)City University of Hong Kong Strategic Research Grant(SRG)(no.7005264)Hong Kong Research Grants Council(RGC)General Research Funds(GRF)(no.CityU 11205617).
文摘The immune responses are involved in every stage after implantation but the reported immune-regulated materials only work at the beginning without fully considering the different phases of bone healing.Here,poly(aryl-ether-ether-ketone)(PEEK)is coated with a programmed surface,which rapidly releases interleukin-10(IL-10)in the first week and slowly delivers dexamethasone(DEX)up to 4 weeks.Owing to the synergistic effects of IL-10 and DEX,an aptly weak inflammation is triggered within the first week,followed by significant M2 polarization of macrophages and upregulation of the autophagy-related factors.The suitable immunomodulatory activities pave the way for osteogenesis and the steady release of DEX facilitates bone regeneration thereafter.The sequential immune-mediated process is also validated by an 8-week implementation on a rat model.This is the first attempt to construct implants by taking advantage of both immune-mediated modulation and sequential regulation spanning all bone regeneration phases,which provides insights into the fabrication of advanced biomaterials for tissue engineering and immunological therapeutics.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0405400)the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Virology of China(No.2017IOV002)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61274049,61404130,61574140)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(No.JSGG20160608100922614)
文摘High electron mobility transistors(HEMT) have the potential to be used as high-sensitivity and realtime biosensors. HEMT biosensors have great market prospects. For the application of HEMT biosensors, the electric properties consistency of the inter-chip performance have an important influence on the stability and repeatability of the detection. In this research, we fabricated GaAs/AlGaAs HEMT biosensors of different epitaxial structures and device structures to study the electric properties consistency. We study the relationship between channel size and consistency. We investigated the distribution of device current with location on 2 inch GaAs wafer. Based on the studies, the optimal device of a GaAs HEMT biosensor is an A-type epitaxial structure, and a U-type device structure, L = 40μm, W= 200 μm.
