Background: This study aimed to illustrate the prevalence of CHD by screening children in extremely high-altitudeareas (over 4000 m to even 5000 m above sea level) and explore an aid model for early diagnosis and trea...Background: This study aimed to illustrate the prevalence of CHD by screening children in extremely high-altitudeareas (over 4000 m to even 5000 m above sea level) and explore an aid model for early diagnosis and treatmentfor the Tibetan population. Methods: A total of 2242 students from different schools in Ngamring County,Xigaze City, Tibet from September 2019 to September 2020 were selected for screening. The students were examinedthrough the inquiry of their current medical history and family history, cardiac auscultation and a physicalexamination, in order to screen out the suspected cases of CHD, and then the suspected cases were confirmed bycardiac color ultrasound examinations. After that, positive patients were be transferred to Shandong Province forfree treatment. Results: The prevalence of CHD among children in Ngamring County was 3.70% (83 cases),which is the highest incidence rate ever reported. The most common type of CHD was patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), accounting for 55.42% of the total number of cases screened, followed by atrial septal defect (ASD) andventricular septal defect (VSD), accounting for 28.92% and 12.05%, respectively. The prevalence of CHD in childrenat high altitude was significantly higher than that in children at low altitude. The children with CHD weretransferred to Shandong Province for surgery, the operations were successful and their recoveries went well.Conclusions: The results show that high altitude is closely related to the prevalence of CHD, and the incidencein Ngamring County is much higher than that in previous reports.展开更多
In this work,we developed plasmonic photocatalyst composed of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles supported on Ti N,the optimized Cu_(3)Pd_(2)/Ti N catalyst shows excellent conversion(>96%)and selectivity(>99%)for Heck re...In this work,we developed plasmonic photocatalyst composed of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles supported on Ti N,the optimized Cu_(3)Pd_(2)/Ti N catalyst shows excellent conversion(>96%)and selectivity(>99%)for Heck reaction at 50℃ under visible light irradiation.By in-situ spectroscopic investigations,we find that visible light excitation could achieve stable metallic Cu species on the surface of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles,thereby eliminating the inevitable surface oxides of Cu based catalyst.The in-situ formed metallic Cu species under irradiation take advantage of the strong interactions of Cu with visible light,and manifest in the localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPR)photoexcitation.Visible light excitation could further promote the charge transfer between catalytic Pd component and the support Ti N,resulting in electron-rich Pd sites on Cu Pd/Ti N.Moreover,light excitation on Cu Pd/Ti N generates strong chemisorption of iodobenzene and styrene,favoring the activation of reactants for Heck reaction.DFT calculations suggest that electron-rich Cu Pd sites ideally lower the activation energy barrier for the coupling reaction.This work provides valuable insights for mechanistic understanding of plasmonic photocatalysis.展开更多
Multiple nitrate transporter(NRT)genes exist in the genome of bread wheat,and it is of great importance to identify the elite NRT genes for N-efficient wheat cultivar breeding.A candidate gene association study(CGAS)o...Multiple nitrate transporter(NRT)genes exist in the genome of bread wheat,and it is of great importance to identify the elite NRT genes for N-efficient wheat cultivar breeding.A candidate gene association study(CGAS)of six N use efficiency(NUE)related traits(grain N concentration(GNC),straw N concentration(SNC),grain yield(GY),grain N accumulation(GNA),shoot total N accumulation(STN)and N harvest index(NHI))was performed based on SNPs in 46 NRT2 genes using a panel composed of 286 wheat cultivars.CGAS identified TaNRT2.1-6B as an elite NRT gene that is significantly associated with four(NHI,SNC,GNA and GY)of the six NUE-related traits simultaneously.TaNRT2.1-6B is located on the plasma membrane and acts as a dual-affinity NRT.The overexpression of TaNRT2.1-6B increased the N influx and root growth of wheat,whereas gene silence lines resulted in the opposite effects.The overexpression of TaNRT2.1-6B also improved GY and N accumulation of wheat under either limited or sufficient N conditions.The data provide the TaNRT2.1-6B gene and the two associated SNP markers as promising powerful tools for breeding wheat cultivars with high N uptake ability and NUE.展开更多
Role-based network embedding aims to embed role-similar nodes into a similar embedding space,which is widely used in graph mining tasks such as role classification and detection.Roles are sets of nodes in graph networ...Role-based network embedding aims to embed role-similar nodes into a similar embedding space,which is widely used in graph mining tasks such as role classification and detection.Roles are sets of nodes in graph networks with similar structural patterns and functions.However,the rolesimilar nodes may be far away or even disconnected from each other.Meanwhile,the neighborhood node features and noise also affect the result of the role-based network embedding,which are also challenges of current network embedding work.In this paper,we propose a Role-based network Embedding via Quantum walk with weighted Features fusion(REQF),which simultaneously considers the influence of global and local role information,node features,and noise.Firstly,we capture the global role information of nodes via quantum walk based on its superposition property which emphasizes the local role information via biased quantum walk.Secondly,we utilize the quantum walkweighted characteristic function to extract and fuse features of nodes and their neighborhood by different distributions which contain role information implicitly.Finally,we leverage the Variational Auto-Encoder(VAE)to reduce the effect of noise.We conduct extensive experiments on seven real-world datasets,and the results show that REQF is more effective at capturing role information in the network,which outperforms the best baseline by up to 14.6% in role classification,and 23% in role detection on average.展开更多
Objective:acute ischemic stroke is oc-curing in younger and younger individuals.This paper aims to explore the real-world epidemiological characteristics of young stroke patients in northwest Hubei.Methods:the informa...Objective:acute ischemic stroke is oc-curing in younger and younger individuals.This paper aims to explore the real-world epidemiological characteristics of young stroke patients in northwest Hubei.Methods:the information of acute stroke patients under 50 years old in northwest Hubei Province was collected,including age,gender,region,education level,smoking and drinking,onset season,etc,and epidemiological analysis was carried out.Results:a total of 344 patients with acute ischemic stroke were surveyed.The males accounted for 69.19%,and the average age was 44.94±5.61 years old;the females accounted for 30.18%,and the average age was 45.22±5.02 years old.The distribution of patients varied,with most living in urban areas.There were more male patients than female patients.The proportion of patients with an education level below junior high school was higher than that of patients with an education level above junior high.Twenty-nine point thirty-six percent of all young people with stroke smoked and drank.Stroke occurred in all seasons,but the incidence of stroke was relatively high in summer and autumn.There was a significant difference in the ratio of males to females(P<0.001).Conclusion:the incidence rate of acute stroke in young people in northwest Hubei Province is unique.With the increase of age,men in all ages are more prone to strokes than women.The incidence of stroke among young people in urban areas is higher than in surrounding counties.The incidence rate decreases with the increase of education level.More strokes occur in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.Smoking and drinking do not show obvious effects on the incidence rate.展开更多
Immobilizing enzyme to nano interfaces has demonstrated to be a favorable strategy for prompting the industrialized application of enzyme.Despite tremendous endeavor has been devoted to using gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)...Immobilizing enzyme to nano interfaces has demonstrated to be a favorable strategy for prompting the industrialized application of enzyme.Despite tremendous endeavor has been devoted to using gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)as conjugation matrix due to its fascinating physico-chemical properties,maintaining enzymatic activity while circumventing cumbersome modification remains a formidable challenge.Herein,the freezing-directed conjugation of enzyme/nano interfaces was constructed without extra reagent.As the proof of concept,glucose oxidase(GOx)was chosen as model enzyme.The one-pot conjugation process can be facilely completed at−20°C under aqueous solution.Moreover,with the loading of GOx on AuNP at freezing,the enzyme exhibited superior catalytic activity and stability upon thermal and pH perturbation.The mechanism of boosted activity was then discussed in detail.It was found that higher loading density under freezing condition and more enzyme tending to bind AuNPs via Au-S bond were the main factors for the superior activity.More importantly,this methodology was universal and can also be applied to other enzyme which contains natural cysteine,such as horseradish peroxidase(HRP)and papain.This facile conjugation strategy accompanied by remarkable bioactivity expand the possibilities for enzymatic biosensing,microdevice and even drug delivery.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)is a limiting nutrient for plant growth and productivity.The phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)has been suggested to play a vital role in nitrate uptake in fluctuating N environments.However,the molecular mech...Nitrogen(N)is a limiting nutrient for plant growth and productivity.The phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)has been suggested to play a vital role in nitrate uptake in fluctuating N environments.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of ABA in N deficiency responses are largely unknown.In this study,we demonstrated that ABA signaling components,particularly the three subclass Ⅲ SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1(SNF1)-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2 S(SnRK2)proteins,function in root foraging and uptake of nitrate under N deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana.The snrk2.2 snrk2.3 snrk2.6 triple mutant grew a longer primary root and had a higher rate of nitrate influx and accumulation compared with wild-type plants under nitrate deficiency.Strikingly,SnRK2.2/2.3/2.6 proteins interacted with and phosphorylated the nitrate transceptor NITRATE TRANSPORTER1.1(NRT1.1)in vitro and in vivo.The phosphorylation of NRT1.1 by SnRK2 s resulted in a significant decrease of nitrate uptake and impairment of root growth.Moreover,we identified NRT1.1Ser585 as a previously unknown functional site:the phosphomimetic NRT1.1S585 D was impaired in both low-and high-affinity transport activities.Taken together,our findings provide new insight into how plants fine-tune growth via ABA signaling under N deficiency.展开更多
The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)presents us with a serious public health crisis.To combat the virus and slow its spread,wider testing is essential.There is a need for more sensitive,specifi...The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)presents us with a serious public health crisis.To combat the virus and slow its spread,wider testing is essential.There is a need for more sensitive,specific,and convenient detection methods of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Advanced detection can greatly improve the ability and accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19,which is conducive to the early suitable treatment and supports precise prophylaxis.In this article,we combine and present the latest laboratory diagnostic technologies and methods for SARS-CoV-2 to identify the technical characteristics,considerations,biosafety requirements,common problems with testing and interpretation of results,and coping strategies of commonly used testing methods.We highlight the gaps in current diagnostic capacity and propose potential solutions to provide cutting-edge technical support to achieve a more precise diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of COVID-19 and to overcome the difficulties with the normalization of epidemic prevention and control.展开更多
Non-invasive surface electromyography(sEMG)electrodes have vast potential in fields such as healthcare,human-computer interaction,and entertainment,providing diverse information related to electromyographic signals.No...Non-invasive surface electromyography(sEMG)electrodes have vast potential in fields such as healthcare,human-computer interaction,and entertainment,providing diverse information related to electromyographic signals.Non-invasive sEMG electrodes reduce user risks but gather sEMG signals of lower quality compared to invasive ones.Currently,various advanced electrode materials have been developed for detecting physiological electrical signals,but the majority of them are single channel electrodes.Here,we report 64-channel three-dimensional(3D)Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT composite electrodes fabricated using bonding-driven self-assembly technologies.These electrodes are characterized by low skin-electrode contact impedance and a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for collection of EMG signals.These electrode arrays exhibit remarkable flexibility,conforming seamlessly to the skin’s curvature.Specifically,the skin-electrode contact impedance of 3D Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes decreases by 10-fold compared to Ag/AgCl gel electrodes at a frequency of 100 Hz.Furthermore,when collecting sEMG signals from the arm,the prepared Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes exhibit lower baseline noise and higher SNR compared to Ag/AgCl gel electrodes.Furthermore,Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes can collect sEMG signals of different hand gestures,while maintaining a high SNR(∼25 dB).By combining machine learning,sEMG signals from different gestures can be identified with a recognition rate exceeding 90%.The exceptional performance and scalability of these 3D Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes indicate a promising future for shaping electronic skin and wearable device technologies.展开更多
The electrochemical skeleton for the production of hydrogen production from water splitting consists of electrocatalysts,electrolytes,substrates,and standard electrodes.Metal selenides have been considered efficient e...The electrochemical skeleton for the production of hydrogen production from water splitting consists of electrocatalysts,electrolytes,substrates,and standard electrodes.Metal selenides have been considered efficient electrocatalysts due to their outstanding features.Moreover,electrolytes and employed substrates can significantly influence the electrocatalytic performance of the metal selenides for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Several studies of metal selenides for HERs have been carried out and summarized,but there are some severe limitations regarding the synchronization of the employed substrates,electrolytes,and electrocatalysts.Several experiments suggest that metal selenides deposited on carbon-based substrates inject and transport the charge carriers effectively in an acidic medium and boost the electrocatalytic performance.Meanwhile,the metal selenides deposited on materials other than carbon-based substrates inject and make the facile transportation of the charge carriers in an alkaline medium and promote the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,the fundamental characteristics,critical factors,and electrocatalytic performance of metal selenides deposited on carbon-based substrates in acidic electrolytes have been effectively summarized.The electrocatalytic performance of the metal selenides in an alkaline electrolyte and substrates like nickel foam have also been summarized to provide direction,challenges,and feedback about the electrocatalytic performance of metal selenides.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization.[1]Most COVID-19 patients exhibit mild to moderate symptoms,while approximately 15%progress rapidly to severe pneu...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization.[1]Most COVID-19 patients exhibit mild to moderate symptoms,while approximately 15%progress rapidly to severe pneumonia,and about 5%eventually develop acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),[2]which requires mechanical ventilation(MV)and even extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.The mortality of COVID-19 patients who received MV was reported to be as high as 66%.[3]Therefore,the treatments aiming to improve mortality should focus on two aspects:first,prevention of the aggravation of the disease in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients;second,the rescue therapy for patients in serious conditions.We have been applying high-dose intravenous vitamin C(HDIVC)in the treatment of critical illnesses for almost 10 years in our center.Our previous in vivo research showed that HDIVC protected hemorrhagic shock-related multiple organ failure(MOF)by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and oxidative indicators through activating Sirtuin1 pathway.展开更多
In the thriving fields of thermal management fields,ceramic films with superior thermal insulation and excellent mechanical properties are in high demand.Nevertheless,the fabrication of ceramic films that combine both...In the thriving fields of thermal management fields,ceramic films with superior thermal insulation and excellent mechanical properties are in high demand.Nevertheless,the fabrication of ceramic films that combine both mechanical performance and low thermal conductivity remains highly challenging.Herein,we report a dual-phase Si_(3)N_(4) nanowire-boron nitride(BN)nanosheet(SNB)with an intertwined structure,where BN nanosheets are firmly intertwined on the surface of Si_(3)N_(4) nanowires.The results demonstrate that the SNB film possesses exceptional mechanical properties,with a tensile strength of 5.25 MPa,representing a 127% improvement over the Si_(3)N_(4) nanowire film(SN)without BN nanosheets incorporation.Simultaneously,benefiting from the interface and cross-linking nodes formed between Si_(3)N_(4) nanowires and BN nanosheets,the thermal conductivity of the SNB film is as low as 0.043 W·m^(–1)·K^(–1),marking a 23% reduction compared to the SN film without BN nanosheets.Furthermore,the all-ceramic component characteristic endows the SNB film with high temperature resistance up to 1200℃.The combination of high strength,low thermal conductivity,and high-temperature resistance enables the SNB film a promising candidate for applications in high temperature environments.展开更多
文摘Background: This study aimed to illustrate the prevalence of CHD by screening children in extremely high-altitudeareas (over 4000 m to even 5000 m above sea level) and explore an aid model for early diagnosis and treatmentfor the Tibetan population. Methods: A total of 2242 students from different schools in Ngamring County,Xigaze City, Tibet from September 2019 to September 2020 were selected for screening. The students were examinedthrough the inquiry of their current medical history and family history, cardiac auscultation and a physicalexamination, in order to screen out the suspected cases of CHD, and then the suspected cases were confirmed bycardiac color ultrasound examinations. After that, positive patients were be transferred to Shandong Province forfree treatment. Results: The prevalence of CHD among children in Ngamring County was 3.70% (83 cases),which is the highest incidence rate ever reported. The most common type of CHD was patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), accounting for 55.42% of the total number of cases screened, followed by atrial septal defect (ASD) andventricular septal defect (VSD), accounting for 28.92% and 12.05%, respectively. The prevalence of CHD in childrenat high altitude was significantly higher than that in children at low altitude. The children with CHD weretransferred to Shandong Province for surgery, the operations were successful and their recoveries went well.Conclusions: The results show that high altitude is closely related to the prevalence of CHD, and the incidencein Ngamring County is much higher than that in previous reports.
基金supported by Shanghai Pujiang Program(No.21PJ1400400)the Research Start-up Fund at Donghua University+2 种基金the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion(No.FSKLCCA2309)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22302109)the Australian Research Council(No.DP230102740)。
文摘In this work,we developed plasmonic photocatalyst composed of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles supported on Ti N,the optimized Cu_(3)Pd_(2)/Ti N catalyst shows excellent conversion(>96%)and selectivity(>99%)for Heck reaction at 50℃ under visible light irradiation.By in-situ spectroscopic investigations,we find that visible light excitation could achieve stable metallic Cu species on the surface of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles,thereby eliminating the inevitable surface oxides of Cu based catalyst.The in-situ formed metallic Cu species under irradiation take advantage of the strong interactions of Cu with visible light,and manifest in the localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPR)photoexcitation.Visible light excitation could further promote the charge transfer between catalytic Pd component and the support Ti N,resulting in electron-rich Pd sites on Cu Pd/Ti N.Moreover,light excitation on Cu Pd/Ti N generates strong chemisorption of iodobenzene and styrene,favoring the activation of reactants for Heck reaction.DFT calculations suggest that electron-rich Cu Pd sites ideally lower the activation energy barrier for the coupling reaction.This work provides valuable insights for mechanistic understanding of plasmonic photocatalysis.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972497).
文摘Multiple nitrate transporter(NRT)genes exist in the genome of bread wheat,and it is of great importance to identify the elite NRT genes for N-efficient wheat cultivar breeding.A candidate gene association study(CGAS)of six N use efficiency(NUE)related traits(grain N concentration(GNC),straw N concentration(SNC),grain yield(GY),grain N accumulation(GNA),shoot total N accumulation(STN)and N harvest index(NHI))was performed based on SNPs in 46 NRT2 genes using a panel composed of 286 wheat cultivars.CGAS identified TaNRT2.1-6B as an elite NRT gene that is significantly associated with four(NHI,SNC,GNA and GY)of the six NUE-related traits simultaneously.TaNRT2.1-6B is located on the plasma membrane and acts as a dual-affinity NRT.The overexpression of TaNRT2.1-6B increased the N influx and root growth of wheat,whereas gene silence lines resulted in the opposite effects.The overexpression of TaNRT2.1-6B also improved GY and N accumulation of wheat under either limited or sufficient N conditions.The data provide the TaNRT2.1-6B gene and the two associated SNP markers as promising powerful tools for breeding wheat cultivars with high N uptake ability and NUE.
基金supported in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant 62172065)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Grant cstc2020jcyjmsxmX0137).
文摘Role-based network embedding aims to embed role-similar nodes into a similar embedding space,which is widely used in graph mining tasks such as role classification and detection.Roles are sets of nodes in graph networks with similar structural patterns and functions.However,the rolesimilar nodes may be far away or even disconnected from each other.Meanwhile,the neighborhood node features and noise also affect the result of the role-based network embedding,which are also challenges of current network embedding work.In this paper,we propose a Role-based network Embedding via Quantum walk with weighted Features fusion(REQF),which simultaneously considers the influence of global and local role information,node features,and noise.Firstly,we capture the global role information of nodes via quantum walk based on its superposition property which emphasizes the local role information via biased quantum walk.Secondly,we utilize the quantum walkweighted characteristic function to extract and fuse features of nodes and their neighborhood by different distributions which contain role information implicitly.Finally,we leverage the Variational Auto-Encoder(VAE)to reduce the effect of noise.We conduct extensive experiments on seven real-world datasets,and the results show that REQF is more effective at capturing role information in the network,which outperforms the best baseline by up to 14.6% in role classification,and 23% in role detection on average.
基金funded by the Scientific Research Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education in 2019(Q20192103)2019 National College Students5 innovation Training project(201910929012).
文摘Objective:acute ischemic stroke is oc-curing in younger and younger individuals.This paper aims to explore the real-world epidemiological characteristics of young stroke patients in northwest Hubei.Methods:the information of acute stroke patients under 50 years old in northwest Hubei Province was collected,including age,gender,region,education level,smoking and drinking,onset season,etc,and epidemiological analysis was carried out.Results:a total of 344 patients with acute ischemic stroke were surveyed.The males accounted for 69.19%,and the average age was 44.94±5.61 years old;the females accounted for 30.18%,and the average age was 45.22±5.02 years old.The distribution of patients varied,with most living in urban areas.There were more male patients than female patients.The proportion of patients with an education level below junior high school was higher than that of patients with an education level above junior high.Twenty-nine point thirty-six percent of all young people with stroke smoked and drank.Stroke occurred in all seasons,but the incidence of stroke was relatively high in summer and autumn.There was a significant difference in the ratio of males to females(P<0.001).Conclusion:the incidence rate of acute stroke in young people in northwest Hubei Province is unique.With the increase of age,men in all ages are more prone to strokes than women.The incidence of stroke among young people in urban areas is higher than in surrounding counties.The incidence rate decreases with the increase of education level.More strokes occur in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.Smoking and drinking do not show obvious effects on the incidence rate.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32001782 and 22222402)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2021JJ40564)+2 种基金Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.kq2007021)the Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics,Hunan University(No.2019013)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials(No.sklssm2023016).
文摘Immobilizing enzyme to nano interfaces has demonstrated to be a favorable strategy for prompting the industrialized application of enzyme.Despite tremendous endeavor has been devoted to using gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)as conjugation matrix due to its fascinating physico-chemical properties,maintaining enzymatic activity while circumventing cumbersome modification remains a formidable challenge.Herein,the freezing-directed conjugation of enzyme/nano interfaces was constructed without extra reagent.As the proof of concept,glucose oxidase(GOx)was chosen as model enzyme.The one-pot conjugation process can be facilely completed at−20°C under aqueous solution.Moreover,with the loading of GOx on AuNP at freezing,the enzyme exhibited superior catalytic activity and stability upon thermal and pH perturbation.The mechanism of boosted activity was then discussed in detail.It was found that higher loading density under freezing condition and more enzyme tending to bind AuNPs via Au-S bond were the main factors for the superior activity.More importantly,this methodology was universal and can also be applied to other enzyme which contains natural cysteine,such as horseradish peroxidase(HRP)and papain.This facile conjugation strategy accompanied by remarkable bioactivity expand the possibilities for enzymatic biosensing,microdevice and even drug delivery.
基金funded by a grant from the Northwest A&F University(Z111021604 to C.W.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770289 to C.W.)+1 种基金Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JQ-135 to C.W.)the Opening Research Projects of National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics,CEMPS,CAS。
文摘Nitrogen(N)is a limiting nutrient for plant growth and productivity.The phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)has been suggested to play a vital role in nitrate uptake in fluctuating N environments.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of ABA in N deficiency responses are largely unknown.In this study,we demonstrated that ABA signaling components,particularly the three subclass Ⅲ SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1(SNF1)-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2 S(SnRK2)proteins,function in root foraging and uptake of nitrate under N deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana.The snrk2.2 snrk2.3 snrk2.6 triple mutant grew a longer primary root and had a higher rate of nitrate influx and accumulation compared with wild-type plants under nitrate deficiency.Strikingly,SnRK2.2/2.3/2.6 proteins interacted with and phosphorylated the nitrate transceptor NITRATE TRANSPORTER1.1(NRT1.1)in vitro and in vivo.The phosphorylation of NRT1.1 by SnRK2 s resulted in a significant decrease of nitrate uptake and impairment of root growth.Moreover,we identified NRT1.1Ser585 as a previously unknown functional site:the phosphomimetic NRT1.1S585 D was impaired in both low-and high-affinity transport activities.Taken together,our findings provide new insight into how plants fine-tune growth via ABA signaling under N deficiency.
基金This study was supported by the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Program
文摘The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)presents us with a serious public health crisis.To combat the virus and slow its spread,wider testing is essential.There is a need for more sensitive,specific,and convenient detection methods of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Advanced detection can greatly improve the ability and accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19,which is conducive to the early suitable treatment and supports precise prophylaxis.In this article,we combine and present the latest laboratory diagnostic technologies and methods for SARS-CoV-2 to identify the technical characteristics,considerations,biosafety requirements,common problems with testing and interpretation of results,and coping strategies of commonly used testing methods.We highlight the gaps in current diagnostic capacity and propose potential solutions to provide cutting-edge technical support to achieve a more precise diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of COVID-19 and to overcome the difficulties with the normalization of epidemic prevention and control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52227808)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(51725505)+2 种基金the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(19JC1412400)the Development Fund for Shanghai Talents(2021003)the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Perception Chip Technology。
文摘Non-invasive surface electromyography(sEMG)electrodes have vast potential in fields such as healthcare,human-computer interaction,and entertainment,providing diverse information related to electromyographic signals.Non-invasive sEMG electrodes reduce user risks but gather sEMG signals of lower quality compared to invasive ones.Currently,various advanced electrode materials have been developed for detecting physiological electrical signals,but the majority of them are single channel electrodes.Here,we report 64-channel three-dimensional(3D)Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT composite electrodes fabricated using bonding-driven self-assembly technologies.These electrodes are characterized by low skin-electrode contact impedance and a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for collection of EMG signals.These electrode arrays exhibit remarkable flexibility,conforming seamlessly to the skin’s curvature.Specifically,the skin-electrode contact impedance of 3D Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes decreases by 10-fold compared to Ag/AgCl gel electrodes at a frequency of 100 Hz.Furthermore,when collecting sEMG signals from the arm,the prepared Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes exhibit lower baseline noise and higher SNR compared to Ag/AgCl gel electrodes.Furthermore,Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes can collect sEMG signals of different hand gestures,while maintaining a high SNR(∼25 dB).By combining machine learning,sEMG signals from different gestures can be identified with a recognition rate exceeding 90%.The exceptional performance and scalability of these 3D Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene/CNT electrodes indicate a promising future for shaping electronic skin and wearable device technologies.
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.22209150)the Zhejiang Normal University Scientific Research Foundation(grant nos.ZC304022926,YS304221906,and YS304022904)+1 种基金the Dalian Revitalization Talents Program(grant no.2022RG01)the Liaoning Binhai Laboratory Grant(grant no.LILBLB-2023-04).
文摘The electrochemical skeleton for the production of hydrogen production from water splitting consists of electrocatalysts,electrolytes,substrates,and standard electrodes.Metal selenides have been considered efficient electrocatalysts due to their outstanding features.Moreover,electrolytes and employed substrates can significantly influence the electrocatalytic performance of the metal selenides for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Several studies of metal selenides for HERs have been carried out and summarized,but there are some severe limitations regarding the synchronization of the employed substrates,electrolytes,and electrocatalysts.Several experiments suggest that metal selenides deposited on carbon-based substrates inject and transport the charge carriers effectively in an acidic medium and boost the electrocatalytic performance.Meanwhile,the metal selenides deposited on materials other than carbon-based substrates inject and make the facile transportation of the charge carriers in an alkaline medium and promote the electrocatalytic performance.Herein,the fundamental characteristics,critical factors,and electrocatalytic performance of metal selenides deposited on carbon-based substrates in acidic electrolytes have been effectively summarized.The electrocatalytic performance of the metal selenides in an alkaline electrolyte and substrates like nickel foam have also been summarized to provide direction,challenges,and feedback about the electrocatalytic performance of metal selenides.
基金This study was supported by the grants from the second batch of the emergency key scientific and technological project of Shanghai Municipal Committee of Science and Technology(Nos.20411950300 and 20411950301)。
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization.[1]Most COVID-19 patients exhibit mild to moderate symptoms,while approximately 15%progress rapidly to severe pneumonia,and about 5%eventually develop acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),[2]which requires mechanical ventilation(MV)and even extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.The mortality of COVID-19 patients who received MV was reported to be as high as 66%.[3]Therefore,the treatments aiming to improve mortality should focus on two aspects:first,prevention of the aggravation of the disease in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients;second,the rescue therapy for patients in serious conditions.We have been applying high-dose intravenous vitamin C(HDIVC)in the treatment of critical illnesses for almost 10 years in our center.Our previous in vivo research showed that HDIVC protected hemorrhagic shock-related multiple organ failure(MOF)by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and oxidative indicators through activating Sirtuin1 pathway.
基金This work was supported by the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NWPU),China(No.136 QP-2015)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Team of Shaanxi Province(No.2022TD-31)+2 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2021ZDLGY14-04)the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(No.XN2022023)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21B2067).
文摘In the thriving fields of thermal management fields,ceramic films with superior thermal insulation and excellent mechanical properties are in high demand.Nevertheless,the fabrication of ceramic films that combine both mechanical performance and low thermal conductivity remains highly challenging.Herein,we report a dual-phase Si_(3)N_(4) nanowire-boron nitride(BN)nanosheet(SNB)with an intertwined structure,where BN nanosheets are firmly intertwined on the surface of Si_(3)N_(4) nanowires.The results demonstrate that the SNB film possesses exceptional mechanical properties,with a tensile strength of 5.25 MPa,representing a 127% improvement over the Si_(3)N_(4) nanowire film(SN)without BN nanosheets incorporation.Simultaneously,benefiting from the interface and cross-linking nodes formed between Si_(3)N_(4) nanowires and BN nanosheets,the thermal conductivity of the SNB film is as low as 0.043 W·m^(–1)·K^(–1),marking a 23% reduction compared to the SN film without BN nanosheets.Furthermore,the all-ceramic component characteristic endows the SNB film with high temperature resistance up to 1200℃.The combination of high strength,low thermal conductivity,and high-temperature resistance enables the SNB film a promising candidate for applications in high temperature environments.
