Rice transplanting with a transplanter is a cost-effective process. Due to labor shortages during the peak time of rice transplanting, it is a promising technology in Bangladesh. However, the high-quality mat-type see...Rice transplanting with a transplanter is a cost-effective process. Due to labor shortages during the peak time of rice transplanting, it is a promising technology in Bangladesh. However, the high-quality mat-type seedling is a prerequisite factor for mechanical transplanting. The experiments were conducted at three different locations (Gazipur, Tangail, and Rangpur) during the dry season (Boro)/2019-20 to determine the best seeding density for high-quality mat-type seedlings to be prepared for mechanical rice transplanters. The effects of seeding rate on seedling quality such as survival rate, seedling strength, stem thickness of newly released boro rice varieties BRRI dhan86, BRRI dhan89, and BRRI dhan92 were studied using four seeding rates (130, 140, 150, 160 g/tray). Results revealed that BRRI dhan92 showed quick seedling emergence compared to BRRI dhan89 and BRRI dhan86. Seedling mortality was found the lowest BRRI dhan92 while the highest in BRRI dhan86. 25 - 30 days old seedling was found suitable for mechanical transplanting in terms of seedling mortality. Seedling height increased with the increase in seed density. BRRI dhan92 showed the highest stem thickness followed by BRRI dhan89 and BRRI dhan86 with seed rate 150 - 160 g per tray. The suitable seeding rate (150 - 160 g/tray) for the studied varieties was found better for raising mat-type seedlings suitable for mechanical transplanting, which could coordinate the production of larger population growth and higher harvest index to achieve high grain yield.展开更多
<em>Haor</em> represents the food basket of Bangladesh and rice is the only crop grown once a year. Harvesting of rice is labor-intensive works and required migrated labor to complete the harvesting works....<em>Haor</em> represents the food basket of Bangladesh and rice is the only crop grown once a year. Harvesting of rice is labor-intensive works and required migrated labor to complete the harvesting works. Mechanical intervention of rice harvesting is urgently needed to increase the productivity. The proper knowledge of economic valuation and operational necessities needs to use of combine harvesters. Research objective was selected to test the technical and economic analysis of Zoomlion rice combine harvester (which is originally developed in China) in Maisherkandi, Mithamain Upazila under Kishoregonj district. The above-mentioned areas are representing <em>haor</em> areas of Bangladesh. Based on the straight-line method, fixed cost items which are machine purchase price, shelter, tax, and insurance were calculated. During the operation of the combine harvester variable cost items such as maintenance and repair, fuel, oil, drivers and guidance were collected. The breakeven point was calculated in terms of the hectares that must be harvested yearly to cover fixed annual costs;and the payback period. Harvesting speed ranged from 1.23 - 3.20 km<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span></span>hr<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span></span>1</sup>. The field capacity of harvester was obtained 0.15 ha<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>hr<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>1</sup> and consumed fuel of up to 32 L<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span></span>ha<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span></span>1</sup>. Field sizes of less than 800 m<sup>2</sup> should be avoided for the Zoomlion combine harvester to operate the harvester machine in an efficient manner. The combine produced grains loss ranging from 1.60% - 1.91%. At an initial cost of Tk 2,000,000, owning the combine harvester becomes profitable after 20 ha of paddy field harvested at a harvesting capacity of 0.15 ha<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span></span>hr<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span></span>1</sup>. Vibration and noise were observed in tolerable limit of the operator. The operator felt comfort to operate the machine. This machine is capable to operate in the muddy field having a water height of 4 - 8 cm. Workability of the combine harvesters depended on soil, weather, crop condition, land size and shape. The combine harvester was able to develop sufficient traction in soft soil during harvesting period in <em>haor</em> area. Zoomlion harvester is a cost-effective and time-saving machine but the initial costs are higher.展开更多
In this research work, the upward transition probabilities for the transition levels, 0<sup>+</sup> → 2<sup>+</sup>, 2<sup>+</sup> → 4<sup>+</sup>, 4<sup>+</s...In this research work, the upward transition probabilities for the transition levels, 0<sup>+</sup> → 2<sup>+</sup>, 2<sup>+</sup> → 4<sup>+</sup>, 4<sup>+</sup> → 6<sup>+</sup> and 6<sup>+</sup> → 8<sup>+</sup> levels of even-even neutron rich <sup>104-114</sup>Ru isotopes have been calculated by using the Global Best Fit (GBF) method. In addition, the associated parameters such as, Quadrupole moment and Deformation parameter of even-even <sup>104-114</sup>Ru have been calculated. The dependency of these nuclear parameters shows the nuclear magic number tendency.展开更多
Light field displays comprise three-dimensional （3D） visual information presentation devices capable of providing realistic and full parallax autostereoscopic images. In this letter, the recent advances in the light...Light field displays comprise three-dimensional （3D） visual information presentation devices capable of providing realistic and full parallax autostereoscopic images. In this letter, the recent advances in the light field displays based on integral imaging （II） and holographic techniques are presented. Several advanced approaches to demonstrate the light field displays including viewing angle enhancement techniques of the II display, a fast hologram generation method using graphics processing unit （GPU） and multiple WRPs, and a holographic microscopy to display the living cells are reported. These methods improve some important constraints of the light field displays and add new features.展开更多
文摘Rice transplanting with a transplanter is a cost-effective process. Due to labor shortages during the peak time of rice transplanting, it is a promising technology in Bangladesh. However, the high-quality mat-type seedling is a prerequisite factor for mechanical transplanting. The experiments were conducted at three different locations (Gazipur, Tangail, and Rangpur) during the dry season (Boro)/2019-20 to determine the best seeding density for high-quality mat-type seedlings to be prepared for mechanical rice transplanters. The effects of seeding rate on seedling quality such as survival rate, seedling strength, stem thickness of newly released boro rice varieties BRRI dhan86, BRRI dhan89, and BRRI dhan92 were studied using four seeding rates (130, 140, 150, 160 g/tray). Results revealed that BRRI dhan92 showed quick seedling emergence compared to BRRI dhan89 and BRRI dhan86. Seedling mortality was found the lowest BRRI dhan92 while the highest in BRRI dhan86. 25 - 30 days old seedling was found suitable for mechanical transplanting in terms of seedling mortality. Seedling height increased with the increase in seed density. BRRI dhan92 showed the highest stem thickness followed by BRRI dhan89 and BRRI dhan86 with seed rate 150 - 160 g per tray. The suitable seeding rate (150 - 160 g/tray) for the studied varieties was found better for raising mat-type seedlings suitable for mechanical transplanting, which could coordinate the production of larger population growth and higher harvest index to achieve high grain yield.
文摘<em>Haor</em> represents the food basket of Bangladesh and rice is the only crop grown once a year. Harvesting of rice is labor-intensive works and required migrated labor to complete the harvesting works. Mechanical intervention of rice harvesting is urgently needed to increase the productivity. The proper knowledge of economic valuation and operational necessities needs to use of combine harvesters. Research objective was selected to test the technical and economic analysis of Zoomlion rice combine harvester (which is originally developed in China) in Maisherkandi, Mithamain Upazila under Kishoregonj district. The above-mentioned areas are representing <em>haor</em> areas of Bangladesh. Based on the straight-line method, fixed cost items which are machine purchase price, shelter, tax, and insurance were calculated. During the operation of the combine harvester variable cost items such as maintenance and repair, fuel, oil, drivers and guidance were collected. The breakeven point was calculated in terms of the hectares that must be harvested yearly to cover fixed annual costs;and the payback period. Harvesting speed ranged from 1.23 - 3.20 km<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span></span>hr<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span></span>1</sup>. The field capacity of harvester was obtained 0.15 ha<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span>hr<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span>1</sup> and consumed fuel of up to 32 L<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span></span>ha<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span></span>1</sup>. Field sizes of less than 800 m<sup>2</sup> should be avoided for the Zoomlion combine harvester to operate the harvester machine in an efficient manner. The combine produced grains loss ranging from 1.60% - 1.91%. At an initial cost of Tk 2,000,000, owning the combine harvester becomes profitable after 20 ha of paddy field harvested at a harvesting capacity of 0.15 ha<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">∙</span></span></span>hr<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span></span></span>1</sup>. Vibration and noise were observed in tolerable limit of the operator. The operator felt comfort to operate the machine. This machine is capable to operate in the muddy field having a water height of 4 - 8 cm. Workability of the combine harvesters depended on soil, weather, crop condition, land size and shape. The combine harvester was able to develop sufficient traction in soft soil during harvesting period in <em>haor</em> area. Zoomlion harvester is a cost-effective and time-saving machine but the initial costs are higher.
文摘In this research work, the upward transition probabilities for the transition levels, 0<sup>+</sup> → 2<sup>+</sup>, 2<sup>+</sup> → 4<sup>+</sup>, 4<sup>+</sup> → 6<sup>+</sup> and 6<sup>+</sup> → 8<sup>+</sup> levels of even-even neutron rich <sup>104-114</sup>Ru isotopes have been calculated by using the Global Best Fit (GBF) method. In addition, the associated parameters such as, Quadrupole moment and Deformation parameter of even-even <sup>104-114</sup>Ru have been calculated. The dependency of these nuclear parameters shows the nuclear magic number tendency.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant,funded by the Korea government(MSIP)(No.2013-067321)partly supported by the Korea Creative Content Agency(KOCCA)in the Culture Technology(CT)Research & Development Program 2013
文摘Light field displays comprise three-dimensional （3D） visual information presentation devices capable of providing realistic and full parallax autostereoscopic images. In this letter, the recent advances in the light field displays based on integral imaging （II） and holographic techniques are presented. Several advanced approaches to demonstrate the light field displays including viewing angle enhancement techniques of the II display, a fast hologram generation method using graphics processing unit （GPU） and multiple WRPs, and a holographic microscopy to display the living cells are reported. These methods improve some important constraints of the light field displays and add new features.
