Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address ...Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address outbreaks of scabies according to the social factors in west of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, using the census sampling method, all consecutive patients with the primary diagnosis of scabies based on clinical manifestations referred to healthcare center throughout the two great provinces of Hamadan and Kermanshah at western Iran between March 2006 and February 2010 were enrolled into the study. The baseline characteristics were collected from recorded files at the healthcare centers or by interviewing with the affected patients. Results: Among 3,625,966 subjects covered by the two studied provinces, 177 cases of scabies (170 cases in Kermanshah and 7 cases in Hamadan) were identified by medical staff at the healthcare centers according to clinical manifestations (85.3%) and laboratory microscopic assessments (14.7%). The highest and the lowest prevalence rates were specified to 2009 (58.2%) and 2008 (1.7%). Regarding gender distribution of disease, 53.1% of men and 46.9% of women suffered from scabies with no significant discrepancy. In respect to age distribution of disease, the highest rates of scabies were revealed in the ages ranged 17 to 30 years (31.6%), followed by younger than 17 years (30.5%). The prevalence of scabies was dependently associated with residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas. Conclusion: West region of Iran especially Kermanshah province faced with high prevalence and this high disease burden can be determined by some potential factors such as residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas.展开更多
Objective: To assess prevalence of cyclical mastalgia and its main determinants in women who attended in health centers of Hamadan City, Iran.Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 400 women(case: cyclical...Objective: To assess prevalence of cyclical mastalgia and its main determinants in women who attended in health centers of Hamadan City, Iran.Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 400 women(case: cyclical mastalgia, n = 240; control: without cyclical mastalgia, n = 160) who attended family planning clinic for routine follow-up in health centers. The cluster sampling was used.Information was collected by interviewing and using a standardized validated questionnaire. Severity of mastalgia was assessed through using visual analog scaling. Data processing and statistical analysis were performed by using SPSS 19.0.Results: The results revealed that majority of women(60.0%) experienced cyclical mastalgia.Out of these, 22.5% and 37.5% were mild and moderate-to-severe mastalgia, respectively. No association was revealed in experience of depression and anxiety in mastalgia group. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the increasing age, age of marriage, history of abortion and history of premenstrual syndrome were main determinants of mastalgia, while use of oral contraceptive and regular exercise was associated with lower incidence of mastalgia.Conclusions: Most of women with breast discomfort suffered cyclical mastalgia which severity can be determined by advanced age, age of marriage, history of abortion and history of premenstrual syndrome, but inversely by oral contraceptive use and exercise activity.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of head lice in primary and middle school children in Asadabad,Iran.Methods:This study is an analytical descriptive cross-sectional one conducted among primary and middle school...Objective:To investigate the prevalence of head lice in primary and middle school children in Asadabad,Iran.Methods:This study is an analytical descriptive cross-sectional one conducted among primary and middle school children in Asadabad during the academic year of 2013–2014.Data were collected at baseline via questionnaire,checklist and head examination.Results:A total of 600 students were examined(412 girls and 188 boys),and 14 students showed pediculosis.And the total prevalence rate was 2.3%(3.2% girls and 0.5% boys).The infestation was equal in public and private schools.The rate of pediculosis was higher in students of primary schools(4.0%) than those in middle schools(0.7%).The age of the students ranged from 6 to 14 years.The total number of infected group was 14 with mean age of 8.93 ± 2.43 years,and it was 586 with mean age of 10.98 ± 2.82 years for the uninfected group who were enrolled in the study(P < 0.01).This study showed significant differences between students with curly hair(5.5%) and those with straight hair(1.9%)when compared in terms of head lice infestation(P < 0.05).The relations of pediculosis and other socioeconomic factors such as sharing common comb and a room with other people,frequency of bathing,and parents' profession and education were analyzed,and Chi-square test did not show a statistically significant relationship between head lice contamination and the abovementioned socioeconomic factors(P > 0.05).Conclusions:It is necessary to find the risk factors of the infection in order to understand how to control or decrease infection in students,considering the important role of health education in reduction of head lice infections.展开更多
Objective: To update current situation of the cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in Kazerun County,southwest of Iran and to analyze the epidemiological aspects of the disease during 2005-2015,Methods: Data on CL were obtaine...Objective: To update current situation of the cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in Kazerun County,southwest of Iran and to analyze the epidemiological aspects of the disease during 2005-2015,Methods: Data on CL were obtained from the Health Center of Kazerun County,and then were analyzed and mapped using SPSS and Arc GIS 10.3,Results: A total of 700 cases of CL were recorded during the study period with an overall decreasing trend from 2005 to 2015,More than 60% of the patients were inhabitants of rural areas and males were infected more than females,Although there was not a significant difference between gender,job categories,residence and CL infection(P>0.05),age groups were significantly different(P<0.05),But there was no significant correlation between monthly cases of the disease with average temperature(P>0.05),Most of the acute lesions were found to be present on the hand,leg and face,respectively,The average CL incidence in the study area was calculated as 24.9/100 000 population,A hot spot for the disease was found in southern part of the area(P<0.05),Conclusions: This study revealed that CL is present in Kazerun country,Thus,effective monitoring and sustained suveillance system is crucial in counteracting the disease,and if possible,to eliminate it.展开更多
Objectives: This study aimed to assess clinical, microbial changes in IUD users and other contraceptive methods in referent to urban health centers in Hamadan city, Iran. Methods: Detailed history and gynecological ex...Objectives: This study aimed to assess clinical, microbial changes in IUD users and other contraceptive methods in referent to urban health centers in Hamadan city, Iran. Methods: Detailed history and gynecological examination were conducted on women (IUD users, n = 100) or other contraceptive methods (controls, n = 160) in the health centers. Results: Frequencies of the different vaginal pathogens, high indices of infection by bacterial vaginosis (12.0%) candida albicance (7.0%) and low indices of trichomoniasis (5.0%) were found in present study, but none of them in both groups was significant. Menorrhagia was more frequent among women with IUD than that among women without IUD (P < 0.05). A trend of erosion cervix and dysmenorrhea being more frequent among women with IUD was also found (P < 0.05). Conclusions: IUD is the safety in general;however, an increase occurred in the frequency of vaginitis.展开更多
文摘Objectives: Scabies has a different epidemiological distribution among different communities worldwide due to different social factors, management approaches and healthcare policies. The present study came to address outbreaks of scabies according to the social factors in west of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, using the census sampling method, all consecutive patients with the primary diagnosis of scabies based on clinical manifestations referred to healthcare center throughout the two great provinces of Hamadan and Kermanshah at western Iran between March 2006 and February 2010 were enrolled into the study. The baseline characteristics were collected from recorded files at the healthcare centers or by interviewing with the affected patients. Results: Among 3,625,966 subjects covered by the two studied provinces, 177 cases of scabies (170 cases in Kermanshah and 7 cases in Hamadan) were identified by medical staff at the healthcare centers according to clinical manifestations (85.3%) and laboratory microscopic assessments (14.7%). The highest and the lowest prevalence rates were specified to 2009 (58.2%) and 2008 (1.7%). Regarding gender distribution of disease, 53.1% of men and 46.9% of women suffered from scabies with no significant discrepancy. In respect to age distribution of disease, the highest rates of scabies were revealed in the ages ranged 17 to 30 years (31.6%), followed by younger than 17 years (30.5%). The prevalence of scabies was dependently associated with residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas. Conclusion: West region of Iran especially Kermanshah province faced with high prevalence and this high disease burden can be determined by some potential factors such as residency in rural areas, family history of scabies, lower educational level, household density, lower monthly income, low personal hygiene, the existence of livestock or rodents at home, seasonal conditions, and movement to contaminated areas.
基金Supported by Research Deputy of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences,Hamadan,Iran(Grant No.16.35.1.1642)
文摘Objective: To assess prevalence of cyclical mastalgia and its main determinants in women who attended in health centers of Hamadan City, Iran.Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 400 women(case: cyclical mastalgia, n = 240; control: without cyclical mastalgia, n = 160) who attended family planning clinic for routine follow-up in health centers. The cluster sampling was used.Information was collected by interviewing and using a standardized validated questionnaire. Severity of mastalgia was assessed through using visual analog scaling. Data processing and statistical analysis were performed by using SPSS 19.0.Results: The results revealed that majority of women(60.0%) experienced cyclical mastalgia.Out of these, 22.5% and 37.5% were mild and moderate-to-severe mastalgia, respectively. No association was revealed in experience of depression and anxiety in mastalgia group. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the increasing age, age of marriage, history of abortion and history of premenstrual syndrome were main determinants of mastalgia, while use of oral contraceptive and regular exercise was associated with lower incidence of mastalgia.Conclusions: Most of women with breast discomfort suffered cyclical mastalgia which severity can be determined by advanced age, age of marriage, history of abortion and history of premenstrual syndrome, but inversely by oral contraceptive use and exercise activity.
基金Supported by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences(Grant No.9212134352)
文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence of head lice in primary and middle school children in Asadabad,Iran.Methods:This study is an analytical descriptive cross-sectional one conducted among primary and middle school children in Asadabad during the academic year of 2013–2014.Data were collected at baseline via questionnaire,checklist and head examination.Results:A total of 600 students were examined(412 girls and 188 boys),and 14 students showed pediculosis.And the total prevalence rate was 2.3%(3.2% girls and 0.5% boys).The infestation was equal in public and private schools.The rate of pediculosis was higher in students of primary schools(4.0%) than those in middle schools(0.7%).The age of the students ranged from 6 to 14 years.The total number of infected group was 14 with mean age of 8.93 ± 2.43 years,and it was 586 with mean age of 10.98 ± 2.82 years for the uninfected group who were enrolled in the study(P < 0.01).This study showed significant differences between students with curly hair(5.5%) and those with straight hair(1.9%)when compared in terms of head lice infestation(P < 0.05).The relations of pediculosis and other socioeconomic factors such as sharing common comb and a room with other people,frequency of bathing,and parents' profession and education were analyzed,and Chi-square test did not show a statistically significant relationship between head lice contamination and the abovementioned socioeconomic factors(P > 0.05).Conclusions:It is necessary to find the risk factors of the infection in order to understand how to control or decrease infection in students,considering the important role of health education in reduction of head lice infections.
基金Supported by Hamadan University of Medical Sciences(Project No.941226132)
文摘Objective: To update current situation of the cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in Kazerun County,southwest of Iran and to analyze the epidemiological aspects of the disease during 2005-2015,Methods: Data on CL were obtained from the Health Center of Kazerun County,and then were analyzed and mapped using SPSS and Arc GIS 10.3,Results: A total of 700 cases of CL were recorded during the study period with an overall decreasing trend from 2005 to 2015,More than 60% of the patients were inhabitants of rural areas and males were infected more than females,Although there was not a significant difference between gender,job categories,residence and CL infection(P>0.05),age groups were significantly different(P<0.05),But there was no significant correlation between monthly cases of the disease with average temperature(P>0.05),Most of the acute lesions were found to be present on the hand,leg and face,respectively,The average CL incidence in the study area was calculated as 24.9/100 000 population,A hot spot for the disease was found in southern part of the area(P<0.05),Conclusions: This study revealed that CL is present in Kazerun country,Thus,effective monitoring and sustained suveillance system is crucial in counteracting the disease,and if possible,to eliminate it.
文摘Objectives: This study aimed to assess clinical, microbial changes in IUD users and other contraceptive methods in referent to urban health centers in Hamadan city, Iran. Methods: Detailed history and gynecological examination were conducted on women (IUD users, n = 100) or other contraceptive methods (controls, n = 160) in the health centers. Results: Frequencies of the different vaginal pathogens, high indices of infection by bacterial vaginosis (12.0%) candida albicance (7.0%) and low indices of trichomoniasis (5.0%) were found in present study, but none of them in both groups was significant. Menorrhagia was more frequent among women with IUD than that among women without IUD (P < 0.05). A trend of erosion cervix and dysmenorrhea being more frequent among women with IUD was also found (P < 0.05). Conclusions: IUD is the safety in general;however, an increase occurred in the frequency of vaginitis.
