The global trend of population aging poses significant challenges to society and healthcare systems,particularly because of neurocognitive disorders(NCDs)such as Parkinson's disease(PD)and Alzheimer's disease(...The global trend of population aging poses significant challenges to society and healthcare systems,particularly because of neurocognitive disorders(NCDs)such as Parkinson's disease(PD)and Alzheimer's disease(AD).In this context,artificial intelligence techniques have demonstrated promising potential for the objective assessment and detection of NCDs.Multimodal contactless screening technologies,such as speech-language processing,computer vision,and virtual reality,offer efficient and convenient methods for disease diagnosis and progression tracking.This paper systematically reviews the specific methods and applications of these technologies in the detection of NCDs using data collection paradigms,feature extraction,and modeling approaches.Additionally,the potential applications and future prospects of these technologies for the detection of cognitive and motor disorders are explored.By providing a comprehensive summary and refinement of the extant theories,methodologies,and applications,this study aims to facilitate an in-depth understanding of these technologies for researchers,both within and outside the field.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first survey to cover the use of speech-language processing,computer vision,and virtual reality technologies for the detection of NSDs.展开更多
In this paper, we explore the process of emotional state transition. And the process is impacted by emotional state of interaction objects. First of all, the cognitive reasoning process and the micro-expressions recog...In this paper, we explore the process of emotional state transition. And the process is impacted by emotional state of interaction objects. First of all, the cognitive reasoning process and the micro-expressions recognition is the basis of affective computing adjustment process. Secondly, the threshold function and attenuation function are proposed to quantify the emotional changes. In the actual environment, the emotional state of the robot and external stimulus are also quantified as the transferring probability. Finally, the Gaussian cloud distribution is introduced to the Gross model to calculate the emotional transitional probabilities. The experimental results show that the model in human-computer interaction can effectively regulate the emotional states, and can significantly improve the humanoid and intelligent ability of the robot. This model is consistent with experimental and emulational significance of the psychology, and allows the robot to get rid of the mechanical emotional transfer process.展开更多
Since the concept of artificial psychology and artificial emotion was first presented, it has become a topic of interest in academic circles and enterprises. In this article, we first briefly introduce the basic conce...Since the concept of artificial psychology and artificial emotion was first presented, it has become a topic of interest in academic circles and enterprises. In this article, we first briefly introduce the basic concepts and principles of artificial psychology and artificial emotion, analyzing the unified macro-model of the cross-disciplinary system architecture against the need-motivation-behavior framework. Second, we discuss the origin of artificial psychology and artificial emotion, its course of development, and its present situation in China. We also present a review of the published papers and research endeavors of Chinese universities and research institutions and the technical engineering applications of artificial psychology and artificial emotion. Finally, we summarize the challenges to the further development of artificial psychology and artificial emotion and our recommendations for improving the cognitive computing model of psychological states and developing reliable and accurate humanoid interaction and cooperation technology, robot platforms with emotions and humanoid interaction and cooperation capabilities, and humanoid robots for the elderly and the disabled in smart homes. We believe that, with intensive research, artificial psychology and artificial emotion may be developed further and may eventually reach maturity.展开更多
This paper proposes a continuous cognitive emotional regulation model for robot in the case of external emotional stimulus from interactive person's expressions. It integrates a guiding cognitive reappraisal strat...This paper proposes a continuous cognitive emotional regulation model for robot in the case of external emotional stimulus from interactive person's expressions. It integrates a guiding cognitive reappraisal strategy into the HMM(Hidden Markov Model) emotional interactive model for empathizing between robot and person. The emotion is considered as a source in the 3D space(Arousal, Valence, and Stance). State transition and emotion intensity can be quantitatively analyzed in the continuous space. This cognition-emotion interactive model have been verified by the expression and behavior robot. Empathizing is the main distinguishing feature of our work, and it is realized by the emotional regulation which operated in a continuous 3D emotional space enabling a wide range of intermediate emotions. The experiment results provide evidence with acceptability, accuracy, richness, fluency, interestingness, friendliness and exaggeration that the robot with cognition and emotional control ability could be better accepted in the human-robot interaction(HRI).展开更多
We report an unusual non-storm erosion event of outer zone MeV electron distribution during three successive solar wind number density enhancements(SWDEs)on November 27-30,2015.Loss of MeV electrons and energy-depende...We report an unusual non-storm erosion event of outer zone MeV electron distribution during three successive solar wind number density enhancements(SWDEs)on November 27-30,2015.Loss of MeV electrons and energy-dependent narrowing of electron pitch angle distributions(PAD)first developed at L^(*)=5.5 and then moved down to L^(*)<4.According to the evolution of the electron phase space density(PSD)profile,losses of electrons with small pitch angles at L^(*)>4 during SWDE1 are mainly due to outward radial diffusion.However during SWDE2&3,scattering loss due to EMIC waves is dominant at 4<L^(*)<5.As for electrons with large pitch angles,outward radial diffusion is the primary loss mechanism throughout all SWDEs which is consistent with the incursion of the Last Closed Drift Shell(LCDS).The inner edge of EMIC wave activity moved from L^(*)~5 to L^(*)~4 and from L~6.4 to L~4.2 from SWDE1 to SWDE2&3,respectively,observed by Van Allen Probes and by ground stations.This is consistent with the inward penetration of anisotropic energetic protons from L^(*)=4.5 to L^(*)=3.5,suggesting that the inward extension of EMIC waves may be driven by the inward injection of anisotropic energetic protons from the dense plasma sheet.展开更多
Facial micro-expressions are short and imperceptible expressions that involuntarily reveal the true emotions that a person may be attempting to suppress,hide,disguise,or conceal.Such expressions can reflect a person&#...Facial micro-expressions are short and imperceptible expressions that involuntarily reveal the true emotions that a person may be attempting to suppress,hide,disguise,or conceal.Such expressions can reflect a person's real emotions and have a wide range of application in public safety and clinical diagnosis.The analysis of facial micro-expressions in video sequences through computer vision is still relatively recent.In this research,a comprehensive review on the topic of spotting and recognition used in micro expression analysis databases and methods,is conducted,and advanced technologies in this area are summarized.In addition,we discuss challenges that remain unresolved alongside future work to be completed in the field of micro-expression analysis.展开更多
Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H^+, He^+, and O^+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy...Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H^+, He^+, and O^+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy spectra, are produced by acceleration through U-shaped potential structures. By eliminating the background ion population and employing Maxwelling fitting, we find that ions coming from the center of the potential structure have higher temperature than those from the flanks. Higher temperature of O^+ and He+compared to that of H^+ indicates that heavy ions are preferentially heated; we further infer that the heating efficiencies of O^+ and He^+ ions differ between the center and edges of the U-shaped potential structures. Estimation based on pitch angle observations shows that heating may also occur at an altitude above the upper boundary of the auroral acceleration region(AAR), where these beams are generally thought to be formed.展开更多
Large-scale inverted-V channels of upflowing oxygen ions are frequently identified in data collected by Cluster,at all local times,near the open-closed field line boundary over Earth’s high-latitude ionosphere-occur ...Large-scale inverted-V channels of upflowing oxygen ions are frequently identified in data collected by Cluster,at all local times,near the open-closed field line boundary over Earth’s high-latitude ionosphere-occur with downward propagating MHD Alfvén waves which have cascaded into kinetic regimes of plasma.The transverse acceleration of the oxygen ions in the center of these structures is interpreted as the integrated energization by these waves along the channels.Also observed within the channels are upward parallel electric fields,a key characteristic of kinetic Alfvén waves,which may contribute not only to lifting the ions but also to precipitating aurora electrons that might initiate ion upflow in the ionosphere below.Statistics on five-year observations of Cluster show that the channels typically form during geomagnetic perturbations,particularly when solar-wind dynamic pressure is high or highly fluctuated.Near the open-closed field line boundary,the stronger the wave power,the higher the upward oxygen flux and the higher the beam energy,indicating that these waves provide a simple but efficient way to drive oxygen upflows.展开更多
t Magnetic null points and flux ropes play important roles in the three-dimensional process of magnetic reconnection. In this study, a cluster of null points are reconstructed in the reconnection region in the magneto...t Magnetic null points and flux ropes play important roles in the three-dimensional process of magnetic reconnection. In this study, a cluster of null points are reconstructed in the reconnection region in the magnetotail by applying a fitting-reconstruction method to measurements from the Cluster mission. The number of recon- structed null points varies rapidly, presenting a turbulentlike evolution of the magnetic structure. The electron density and the flux of the accelerated electrons were enhanced in this turbulent-like region. During this unstable reconnection process, a B-As-B null structure was formed, showing flux rope features and resembling a secondary island in the observation.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2022ZD0118002)the Basic Research Project of the Institute of Software,Chinese Academy of Sciences(ISCAS-JCMS-202306)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS Grant(2023119).
文摘The global trend of population aging poses significant challenges to society and healthcare systems,particularly because of neurocognitive disorders(NCDs)such as Parkinson's disease(PD)and Alzheimer's disease(AD).In this context,artificial intelligence techniques have demonstrated promising potential for the objective assessment and detection of NCDs.Multimodal contactless screening technologies,such as speech-language processing,computer vision,and virtual reality,offer efficient and convenient methods for disease diagnosis and progression tracking.This paper systematically reviews the specific methods and applications of these technologies in the detection of NCDs using data collection paradigms,feature extraction,and modeling approaches.Additionally,the potential applications and future prospects of these technologies for the detection of cognitive and motor disorders are explored.By providing a comprehensive summary and refinement of the extant theories,methodologies,and applications,this study aims to facilitate an in-depth understanding of these technologies for researchers,both within and outside the field.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first survey to cover the use of speech-language processing,computer vision,and virtual reality technologies for the detection of NSDs.
文摘In this paper, we explore the process of emotional state transition. And the process is impacted by emotional state of interaction objects. First of all, the cognitive reasoning process and the micro-expressions recognition is the basis of affective computing adjustment process. Secondly, the threshold function and attenuation function are proposed to quantify the emotional changes. In the actual environment, the emotional state of the robot and external stimulus are also quantified as the transferring probability. Finally, the Gaussian cloud distribution is introduced to the Gross model to calculate the emotional transitional probabilities. The experimental results show that the model in human-computer interaction can effectively regulate the emotional states, and can significantly improve the humanoid and intelligent ability of the robot. This model is consistent with experimental and emulational significance of the psychology, and allows the robot to get rid of the mechanical emotional transfer process.
文摘Since the concept of artificial psychology and artificial emotion was first presented, it has become a topic of interest in academic circles and enterprises. In this article, we first briefly introduce the basic concepts and principles of artificial psychology and artificial emotion, analyzing the unified macro-model of the cross-disciplinary system architecture against the need-motivation-behavior framework. Second, we discuss the origin of artificial psychology and artificial emotion, its course of development, and its present situation in China. We also present a review of the published papers and research endeavors of Chinese universities and research institutions and the technical engineering applications of artificial psychology and artificial emotion. Finally, we summarize the challenges to the further development of artificial psychology and artificial emotion and our recommendations for improving the cognitive computing model of psychological states and developing reliable and accurate humanoid interaction and cooperation technology, robot platforms with emotions and humanoid interaction and cooperation capabilities, and humanoid robots for the elderly and the disabled in smart homes. We believe that, with intensive research, artificial psychology and artificial emotion may be developed further and may eventually reach maturity.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.4164091)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2015M580048)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.FRF-TP-15034A1)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61672093,61432004)National Key Research and Development Plan(2016YFB1001404)
文摘This paper proposes a continuous cognitive emotional regulation model for robot in the case of external emotional stimulus from interactive person's expressions. It integrates a guiding cognitive reappraisal strategy into the HMM(Hidden Markov Model) emotional interactive model for empathizing between robot and person. The emotion is considered as a source in the 3D space(Arousal, Valence, and Stance). State transition and emotion intensity can be quantitatively analyzed in the continuous space. This cognition-emotion interactive model have been verified by the expression and behavior robot. Empathizing is the main distinguishing feature of our work, and it is realized by the emotional regulation which operated in a continuous 3D emotional space enabling a wide range of intermediate emotions. The experiment results provide evidence with acceptability, accuracy, richness, fluency, interestingness, friendliness and exaggeration that the robot with cognition and emotional control ability could be better accepted in the human-robot interaction(HRI).
基金supported by NSFC grants 41474139,41731068,and 41674164the support from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation through grant 2019 M650316。
文摘We report an unusual non-storm erosion event of outer zone MeV electron distribution during three successive solar wind number density enhancements(SWDEs)on November 27-30,2015.Loss of MeV electrons and energy-dependent narrowing of electron pitch angle distributions(PAD)first developed at L^(*)=5.5 and then moved down to L^(*)<4.According to the evolution of the electron phase space density(PSD)profile,losses of electrons with small pitch angles at L^(*)>4 during SWDE1 are mainly due to outward radial diffusion.However during SWDE2&3,scattering loss due to EMIC waves is dominant at 4<L^(*)<5.As for electrons with large pitch angles,outward radial diffusion is the primary loss mechanism throughout all SWDEs which is consistent with the incursion of the Last Closed Drift Shell(LCDS).The inner edge of EMIC wave activity moved from L^(*)~5 to L^(*)~4 and from L~6.4 to L~4.2 from SWDE1 to SWDE2&3,respectively,observed by Van Allen Probes and by ground stations.This is consistent with the inward penetration of anisotropic energetic protons from L^(*)=4.5 to L^(*)=3.5,suggesting that the inward extension of EMIC waves may be driven by the inward injection of anisotropic energetic protons from the dense plasma sheet.
文摘Facial micro-expressions are short and imperceptible expressions that involuntarily reveal the true emotions that a person may be attempting to suppress,hide,disguise,or conceal.Such expressions can reflect a person's real emotions and have a wide range of application in public safety and clinical diagnosis.The analysis of facial micro-expressions in video sequences through computer vision is still relatively recent.In this research,a comprehensive review on the topic of spotting and recognition used in micro expression analysis databases and methods,is conducted,and advanced technologies in this area are summarized.In addition,we discuss challenges that remain unresolved alongside future work to be completed in the field of micro-expression analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 41474139,41731068,and 41704163)
文摘Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H^+, He^+, and O^+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy spectra, are produced by acceleration through U-shaped potential structures. By eliminating the background ion population and employing Maxwelling fitting, we find that ions coming from the center of the potential structure have higher temperature than those from the flanks. Higher temperature of O^+ and He+compared to that of H^+ indicates that heavy ions are preferentially heated; we further infer that the heating efficiencies of O^+ and He^+ ions differ between the center and edges of the U-shaped potential structures. Estimation based on pitch angle observations shows that heating may also occur at an altitude above the upper boundary of the auroral acceleration region(AAR), where these beams are generally thought to be formed.
基金supported by the B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDB41000000the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41731068, 41941001)
文摘Large-scale inverted-V channels of upflowing oxygen ions are frequently identified in data collected by Cluster,at all local times,near the open-closed field line boundary over Earth’s high-latitude ionosphere-occur with downward propagating MHD Alfvén waves which have cascaded into kinetic regimes of plasma.The transverse acceleration of the oxygen ions in the center of these structures is interpreted as the integrated energization by these waves along the channels.Also observed within the channels are upward parallel electric fields,a key characteristic of kinetic Alfvén waves,which may contribute not only to lifting the ions but also to precipitating aurora electrons that might initiate ion upflow in the ionosphere below.Statistics on five-year observations of Cluster show that the channels typically form during geomagnetic perturbations,particularly when solar-wind dynamic pressure is high or highly fluctuated.Near the open-closed field line boundary,the stronger the wave power,the higher the upward oxygen flux and the higher the beam energy,indicating that these waves provide a simple but efficient way to drive oxygen upflows.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(41274167,41374166,41474139 and41404117)PKU/UCLA Joint Research Institute in Science and Engineering,partly by the European Space Agency 2013–2014 vip Investigator Programa working group sponsored by ISSI,Bern
文摘t Magnetic null points and flux ropes play important roles in the three-dimensional process of magnetic reconnection. In this study, a cluster of null points are reconstructed in the reconnection region in the magnetotail by applying a fitting-reconstruction method to measurements from the Cluster mission. The number of recon- structed null points varies rapidly, presenting a turbulentlike evolution of the magnetic structure. The electron density and the flux of the accelerated electrons were enhanced in this turbulent-like region. During this unstable reconnection process, a B-As-B null structure was formed, showing flux rope features and resembling a secondary island in the observation.
