Fruit color is an important horticultural trait,which greatly affects consumer preferences.In tomato,fruit color is determined by the accumulation of different pigments,such as carotenoids in the pericarp and f lavono...Fruit color is an important horticultural trait,which greatly affects consumer preferences.In tomato,fruit color is determined by the accumulation of different pigments,such as carotenoids in the pericarp and f lavonoids in the peel,along with the degradation of chlorophyll during fruit ripening.Since fruit color is a multigenic trait,it takes years to introgress all color-related genes in a single genetic background via traditional crossbreeding,and the avoidance of linkage drag during this process is difficult.Here,we proposed a rapid breeding strategy to generate tomato lines with different colored fruits from red-fruited materials by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing of three fruit color-related genes(PSY1,MYB12,and SGR1).Using this strategy,the red-fruited cultivar‘Ailsa Craig’has been engineered to a series of tomato genotypes with different fruit colors,including yellow,brown,pink,light-yellow,pink-brown,yellow-green,and light green.Compared with traditional crossbreeding,this strategy requires less time and can obtain transgene-free plants with different colored fruits in less than 1 year.Most importantly,it does not alter other important agronomic traits,like yield and fruit quality.Our strategy has great practical potential for tomato breeding and serves as a reference for improving multigene-controlled traits of horticultural crops.展开更多
Grain number is a flexible trait and contributes significantly to grain yield.In rice,the zinc finger transcription factor DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE(DST)controls grain number by directly regulating cytokinin oxidase!...Grain number is a flexible trait and contributes significantly to grain yield.In rice,the zinc finger transcription factor DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE(DST)controls grain number by directly regulating cytokinin oxidase!dehydrogenase 2(OsCKX2)expression.Although specific upstream regulators of the DST-OsCKX2 module have been identified,the mechanism employed by DST to regulate the expression of OsCKX2 remains unclear.Here,we demonstrate that DST-interacting protein 1(DIP1),known as Mediator subunit OsMED25,acts as an interacting coactivator of DST.Phenotypic analyses revealed that OsMED25-RNAi and the osmed25 mutant plants exhibited enlarged panicles,with enhanced branching and spikelet number,similar to the dst mutant.Genetic analysis indicated that OsMED25 acts in the same pathway as the DST-OsCKX2 module to regulate spikelet number per panicle.Further biochemical analysis showed that OsMED25 physically interacts with DST at the promoter region of OsCKX2,and then recruits RNA polymerase II(Pol II)to activate OsCKX2 transcription.Thus,OsMED25 was involved in the communication between DST and Pol II general transcriptional machinery to regulate spikelet number.In general,our findings reveal a novel function of OsMED25 in DST-OsCKX2 modulated transcriptional regulation,thus enhancing our un derstanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying DST-OsCKX2-mediated spikelet number.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFD1000300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31991183 and 32072582)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24020308)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(Z211100004621001)the Qingdao Science and Technology Bureau(22-3-7-xdny-4-nsh)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2018B020202006).
文摘Fruit color is an important horticultural trait,which greatly affects consumer preferences.In tomato,fruit color is determined by the accumulation of different pigments,such as carotenoids in the pericarp and f lavonoids in the peel,along with the degradation of chlorophyll during fruit ripening.Since fruit color is a multigenic trait,it takes years to introgress all color-related genes in a single genetic background via traditional crossbreeding,and the avoidance of linkage drag during this process is difficult.Here,we proposed a rapid breeding strategy to generate tomato lines with different colored fruits from red-fruited materials by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing of three fruit color-related genes(PSY1,MYB12,and SGR1).Using this strategy,the red-fruited cultivar‘Ailsa Craig’has been engineered to a series of tomato genotypes with different fruit colors,including yellow,brown,pink,light-yellow,pink-brown,yellow-green,and light green.Compared with traditional crossbreeding,this strategy requires less time and can obtain transgene-free plants with different colored fruits in less than 1 year.Most importantly,it does not alter other important agronomic traits,like yield and fruit quality.Our strategy has great practical potential for tomato breeding and serves as a reference for improving multigene-controlled traits of horticultural crops.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFD1000300)Agricultural Seed Project of Shandong Province (Grant Nos 2020LZGC005, 2021LZGC0017)+1 种基金the Tai-Shan Scholar Program from Shandong Province (Grant No. tsxk20150901)the K. C. Wong Education Foundation.
文摘Grain number is a flexible trait and contributes significantly to grain yield.In rice,the zinc finger transcription factor DROUGHT AND SALT TOLERANCE(DST)controls grain number by directly regulating cytokinin oxidase!dehydrogenase 2(OsCKX2)expression.Although specific upstream regulators of the DST-OsCKX2 module have been identified,the mechanism employed by DST to regulate the expression of OsCKX2 remains unclear.Here,we demonstrate that DST-interacting protein 1(DIP1),known as Mediator subunit OsMED25,acts as an interacting coactivator of DST.Phenotypic analyses revealed that OsMED25-RNAi and the osmed25 mutant plants exhibited enlarged panicles,with enhanced branching and spikelet number,similar to the dst mutant.Genetic analysis indicated that OsMED25 acts in the same pathway as the DST-OsCKX2 module to regulate spikelet number per panicle.Further biochemical analysis showed that OsMED25 physically interacts with DST at the promoter region of OsCKX2,and then recruits RNA polymerase II(Pol II)to activate OsCKX2 transcription.Thus,OsMED25 was involved in the communication between DST and Pol II general transcriptional machinery to regulate spikelet number.In general,our findings reveal a novel function of OsMED25 in DST-OsCKX2 modulated transcriptional regulation,thus enhancing our un derstanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying DST-OsCKX2-mediated spikelet number.
