Three types of activators such as sodium hydroxide,calcium oxide and triethanolamine(TEA)are used to establish different activation environments to address the problems associated with the process of activating fly as...Three types of activators such as sodium hydroxide,calcium oxide and triethanolamine(TEA)are used to establish different activation environments to address the problems associated with the process of activating fly ash paste.We conducted mechanical tests and numerical simulations to understand the evolution of microstructure,and used environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)techniques to analyze the microenvironments of the samples.The mechanical properties of fly ash paste under different activation conditions and the changes in the microstructure and composition were investigated.The results revealed that under conditions of low NaOH content(1%-3%),the strength of the sample increased significantly.When the content exceeded 4%,the rate of increase in strength decreased.Based on the results,the optimal NaOH content was identified,which was about 4%.A good activation effect,especially for short-term activation(3-7 d),was achieved using TEA under high doping conditions.The activation effect was poor for long-term strength after 28 days.The CaO content did not significantly affect the degree of activation achieved.The maximum effect was exerted when the content of CaO was 2%.The virtual cement and concrete testing laboratory(VCCTL)was used to simulate the hydration process,and the results revealed that the use of the three types of activators accelerated the formation of Ca(OH)_(2) in the system.The activators also corroded the surface of the fly ash particles,resulting in a pozzolanic reaction.The active substances in fly ash were released efficiently,and hydration was realized.The pores were filled with hydration products,and the microstructure changed to form a new frame of paste filling that helped improve the strength of fly ash paste.展开更多
人工智能科学(AI for science,AI4S)为代表的新范式正在重塑科学研究。作为AI4S的关键技术,大语言模型在教育智能体建模与仿真、教育过程挖掘、教育数据增广等方面展现出了巨大潜力。研究立足科学哲学领域的“问题-方法-过程”框架,剖...人工智能科学(AI for science,AI4S)为代表的新范式正在重塑科学研究。作为AI4S的关键技术,大语言模型在教育智能体建模与仿真、教育过程挖掘、教育数据增广等方面展现出了巨大潜力。研究立足科学哲学领域的“问题-方法-过程”框架,剖析了大语言模型引发的教育研究范式变革图景:在问题维度,大语言模型基于海量数据形成的“世界知识”拓宽了教育研究的问题视野;在方法维度,大语言模型依托其“泛思维链”能力,为情境建模、模拟仿真、因果推断等方法创新提供新的可能;在过程维度;大语言模型为“端到端”和“人在回路”理念在教育研究中的融合提供了理想的技术载体,开启了人机协同的新范式;结合教育研究范式演进的历史维度,当前AI4S引领的变革是社会需求牵引和技术进步双重驱动的必然,既延续了数字时代教育研究范式的演进逻辑,还在智能维度、生成式范式、跨界整合等方面实现了独特突破。需要指出的是,这场范式变革虽然前景广阔,但其复杂性也不容忽视。研究对教育知识生产“单一文化”、理解错觉加剧、模型黑箱效应等潜在风险作了深度探讨,提出了重塑教育研究的反思性、审慎评估大语言模型适用边界的策略实施,为应对AI4S时代的教育机遇与挑战提供了新思路。展开更多
基金Supported by Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects(No.202403AA080001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074137)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(No.202201AT070151)。
文摘Three types of activators such as sodium hydroxide,calcium oxide and triethanolamine(TEA)are used to establish different activation environments to address the problems associated with the process of activating fly ash paste.We conducted mechanical tests and numerical simulations to understand the evolution of microstructure,and used environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)techniques to analyze the microenvironments of the samples.The mechanical properties of fly ash paste under different activation conditions and the changes in the microstructure and composition were investigated.The results revealed that under conditions of low NaOH content(1%-3%),the strength of the sample increased significantly.When the content exceeded 4%,the rate of increase in strength decreased.Based on the results,the optimal NaOH content was identified,which was about 4%.A good activation effect,especially for short-term activation(3-7 d),was achieved using TEA under high doping conditions.The activation effect was poor for long-term strength after 28 days.The CaO content did not significantly affect the degree of activation achieved.The maximum effect was exerted when the content of CaO was 2%.The virtual cement and concrete testing laboratory(VCCTL)was used to simulate the hydration process,and the results revealed that the use of the three types of activators accelerated the formation of Ca(OH)_(2) in the system.The activators also corroded the surface of the fly ash particles,resulting in a pozzolanic reaction.The active substances in fly ash were released efficiently,and hydration was realized.The pores were filled with hydration products,and the microstructure changed to form a new frame of paste filling that helped improve the strength of fly ash paste.
文摘人工智能科学(AI for science,AI4S)为代表的新范式正在重塑科学研究。作为AI4S的关键技术,大语言模型在教育智能体建模与仿真、教育过程挖掘、教育数据增广等方面展现出了巨大潜力。研究立足科学哲学领域的“问题-方法-过程”框架,剖析了大语言模型引发的教育研究范式变革图景:在问题维度,大语言模型基于海量数据形成的“世界知识”拓宽了教育研究的问题视野;在方法维度,大语言模型依托其“泛思维链”能力,为情境建模、模拟仿真、因果推断等方法创新提供新的可能;在过程维度;大语言模型为“端到端”和“人在回路”理念在教育研究中的融合提供了理想的技术载体,开启了人机协同的新范式;结合教育研究范式演进的历史维度,当前AI4S引领的变革是社会需求牵引和技术进步双重驱动的必然,既延续了数字时代教育研究范式的演进逻辑,还在智能维度、生成式范式、跨界整合等方面实现了独特突破。需要指出的是,这场范式变革虽然前景广阔,但其复杂性也不容忽视。研究对教育知识生产“单一文化”、理解错觉加剧、模型黑箱效应等潜在风险作了深度探讨,提出了重塑教育研究的反思性、审慎评估大语言模型适用边界的策略实施,为应对AI4S时代的教育机遇与挑战提供了新思路。
