Detecting oriented targets in remote sensing images amidst complex and heterogeneous backgrounds remains a formidable challenge in the field of object detection.Current frameworks for oriented detection modules are co...Detecting oriented targets in remote sensing images amidst complex and heterogeneous backgrounds remains a formidable challenge in the field of object detection.Current frameworks for oriented detection modules are constrained by intrinsic limitations,including excessive computational and memory overheads,discrepancies between predefined anchors and ground truth bounding boxes,intricate training processes,and feature alignment inconsistencies.To overcome these challenges,we present ASL-OOD(Angle-based SIOU Loss for Oriented Object Detection),a novel,efficient,and robust one-stage framework tailored for oriented object detection.The ASL-OOD framework comprises three core components:the Transformer-based Backbone(TB),the Transformer-based Neck(TN),and the Angle-SIOU(Scylla Intersection over Union)based Decoupled Head(ASDH).By leveraging the Swin Transformer,the TB and TN modules offer several key advantages,such as the capacity to model long-range dependencies,preserve high-resolution feature representations,seamlessly integrate multi-scale features,and enhance parameter efficiency.These improvements empower the model to accurately detect objects across varying scales.The ASDH module further enhances detection performance by incorporating angle-aware optimization based on SIOU,ensuring precise angular consistency and bounding box coherence.This approach effectively harmonizes shape loss and distance loss during the optimization process,thereby significantly boosting detection accuracy.Comprehensive evaluations and ablation studies on standard benchmark datasets such as DOTA with an mAP(mean Average Precision)of 80.16 percent,HRSC2016 with an mAP of 91.07 percent,MAR20 with an mAP of 85.45 percent,and UAVDT with an mAP of 39.7 percent demonstrate the clear superiority of ASL-OOD over state-of-the-art oriented object detection models.These findings underscore the model’s efficacy as an advanced solution for challenging remote sensing object detection tasks.展开更多
Spatial heterogeneity or“patchiness”of plankton distributions in the ocean has always been an attractive and challenging scientific issue to oceanographers.We focused on the accumulation and dynamic mechanism of the...Spatial heterogeneity or“patchiness”of plankton distributions in the ocean has always been an attractive and challenging scientific issue to oceanographers.We focused on the accumulation and dynamic mechanism of the Acetes chinensis in the Lianyungang nearshore licensed fishing area.The Lagrangian frame approaches including the Lagrangian coherent structures theory,Lagrangian residual current,and Lagrangian particle-tracking model were applied to find the transport pathways and aggregation characteristics of Acetes chinensis.There exist some material transport pathways for Acetes chinensis passing through the licensed fishing area,and Acetes chinensis is easy to accumulate in the licensed fishing area.The main mechanism forming this distribution pattern is the local circulation induced by the nonlinear interaction of topography and tidal flow.Both the Lagrangian coherent structure analysis and the particle trajectory tracking indicate that Acetes chinensis in the licensed fishing area come from the nearshore estuary.This work contributed to the adjustment of licensed fishing area and the efficient utilization of fishery resources.展开更多
The collective Unmanned Weapon System-of-Systems(UWSOS)network represents a fundamental element in modern warfare,characterized by a diverse array of unmanned combat platforms interconnected through hetero-geneous net...The collective Unmanned Weapon System-of-Systems(UWSOS)network represents a fundamental element in modern warfare,characterized by a diverse array of unmanned combat platforms interconnected through hetero-geneous network architectures.Despite its strategic importance,the UWSOS network is highly susceptible to hostile infiltrations,which significantly impede its battlefield recovery capabilities.Existing methods to enhance network resilience predominantly focus on basic graph relationships,neglecting the crucial higher-order dependencies among nodes necessary for capturing multi-hop meta-paths within the UWSOS.To address these limitations,we propose the Enhanced-Resilience Multi-Layer Attention Graph Convolutional Network(E-MAGCN),designed to augment the adaptability of UWSOS.Our approach employs BERT for extracting semantic insights from nodes and edges,thereby refining feature representations by leveraging various node and edge categories.Additionally,E-MAGCN integrates a regularization-based multi-layer attention mechanism and a semantic node fusion algo-rithm within the Graph Convolutional Network(GCN)framework.Through extensive simulation experiments,our model demonstrates an enhancement in resilience performance ranging from 1.2% to 7% over existing algorithms.展开更多
Naringin exists in a wide range of Chinese herbal medicine and has proven to possess several pharmacological properties.In this study,PC12,HepG2 cells,and female Drosophila melanogaster were used to investigate the an...Naringin exists in a wide range of Chinese herbal medicine and has proven to possess several pharmacological properties.In this study,PC12,HepG2 cells,and female Drosophila melanogaster were used to investigate the antioxidative and anti-aging effects of naringin and explore the underlying mechanisms.The results showed that naringin inhibited H_(2)O_(2)-induced decline in cell viability and decreased,the content of reactive oxygen species in cells.Meanwhile,naringin prolonged the lifespan of flies,enhanced the abilities of climbing and the resistance to stress,improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes,and decreased malondialdehyde content.Naringin also improved intestinal barrier dysfunction and reduced abnormal proliferation of intestinal stem cells.Moreover,naringin down-regulated the mRNA expressions of inr,chico,pi 3k,and akt-1,and up-regulated the mRNA expressions of dilp2,dilp3,dilp5,and foxo,thereby activating autophagy-related genes and increasing the number of lysosomes.Furthermore,the mutant stocks assays and computer molecular simulation results further indicated that naringin delayed aging by inhibiting the insulin signaling(IIS)pathway and activating the autophagy pathway,which was consistent with the result of network pharmacological predictions.展开更多
Demand of highly efficient earth-abundant transition metal-based electrocatalysts to replace noble metal materials for boosting oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is rapidly growing.Herein,an electrochemically exfoliated g...Demand of highly efficient earth-abundant transition metal-based electrocatalysts to replace noble metal materials for boosting oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is rapidly growing.Herein,an electrochemically exfoliated graphite(EG)foil supported bimetallic selenide encased in N-doped carbon(EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC)hybrid is developed and synthesized by a vapor-phase hydrothermal strategy and subsequent selenization process.The as-prepared EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC hybrid exhibits a core-shell structure where the particle diameter of(Co,Ni)Se2 core is about 70 nm and the thickness of N-doped carbon shell is approximately 5 nm.Benefitting from the synergistic effects between the combination of highly active Co species and improved electron transfer from Ni species,and N-doped carbon,the EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC hybrid shows remarkable electrocatalytic activity toward OER with a comparatively low overpotential of 258 mV at an current density of 10 mA cm?2 and a small Tafel slope of 73.3 mV dec?1.The excellent OER catalysis performance of EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC hybrid is much better than that of commercial Ir/C(343 mV at 10 mA cm?2 and 98.1 mV dec?1),and even almost the best among all previously reported binary CoNi selenide-based OER electrocatalysts.Furthermore,in situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy combined with ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicates that the superb OER catalysis activity can be attributed to the highly active Co-OOH species and modified electron transfer process from Ni element.展开更多
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely cultivated perennial leguminous forage crop woldwide.Micro RNA156 (miR156) precursor genes from dicotyledonous species are reportedly useful for improving alfalfa plant ...Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely cultivated perennial leguminous forage crop woldwide.Micro RNA156 (miR156) precursor genes from dicotyledonous species are reportedly useful for improving alfalfa plant architecture and abiotic stress resistance.However,there has been no report on whether a miR156 precursor gene from a monocotyledonous species functions in alfalfa.We introduced two tandem precursor genes of miR156,rice Osa-MIR156b and Osa-MIR156c (Osa-MIR156bc),into alfalfa.The expression of miR156 in the transgenic (TG) alfalfa was significantly elevated.Compared to wild-type plants,the TG plants overexpressing miR156 had more branches and leaves and showed improved salt and drought tolerance.Overexpression of miR156 slightly reduced plant height,but the biomass yield of TG plants grown in flowerpots was still increased.Forage quality of TG plants was markedly improved by reduction of acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and increase in crude protein content.The expression of the putative miR156 target genes Ms SPL6,Ms SPL12,and Ms SPL13 in TG plants was repressed by miR156overexpression,and that of all tested Ms SPLs would be sharply increased under drought or salt stress.RNA sequencing revealed that overexpression of miR156 affected the expression of genes associated with abiotic stress resistance and plant development in multiple pathways.This first report of overexpression of monocot miR156 precursors in alfalfa sheds light on the function of mi RNA156 precursors from the monocot species rice that could be used for genetic improvement of the dicot forage crop alfalfa.展开更多
Apoptosis is very important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and is closely related to the occurrence and treatment of many diseases.Mitochondria in cells play a crucial role in programmed cell death and re...Apoptosis is very important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and is closely related to the occurrence and treatment of many diseases.Mitochondria in cells play a crucial role in programmed cell death and redox processes.Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD(P)H)is the primary producer of energy in mitochondria,changing NAD(P)H can directly reflect the physiological state of mitochondria.Therefore,NAD(P)H can be used to evaluate metabolic response.In this paper,we propose a noninvasive detection method that uses two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy(TP-FLIM)to characterize apoptosis by observing the binding kinetics of cellular endogenous NAD(P)H.The result shows that the average fluorescence lifetime of NAD(P)H and the fluorescence lifetime of protein-bound NAD(P)H will be affected by the changing pH,serum content,and oxygen concentration in the cell culture environment,and by the treatment with reagents such as H2O2 and paclitaxel.Taxol(PTX).This noninvasive detection method realized the dynamic detection of cellular endogenous substances and the assessment of apoptosis.展开更多
The solid-state electrolyte in a solid-state battery acts as an electrons'barrier and an ions'bridge between the two electrodes.As solid-state electrolyte does not store the mobile ions,it is necessary to achi...The solid-state electrolyte in a solid-state battery acts as an electrons'barrier and an ions'bridge between the two electrodes.As solid-state electrolyte does not store the mobile ions,it is necessary to achieve a thin solid-state electrolyte to reduce the internal resistance and enhance the energy density.In this work,a thin NASICON solid-state electrolyte,with a stoichiometry of Na_(3)Zr_(2)Si_(2)PO_(12),is fabricated by the tape-casting method and its thickness can be easily controlled by the gap between substrate and scraper.The areal-specific resistance and the flexural strength increase with the electrolyte thickness.A solid-state sodium metal battery with 86 pm thick Na_(3)Zr_(2)Si_(2)PO_(12)exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 73-78 mAh g^(-1)with a redox potential of 3.4 V at 0.2 C.This work presents the importance of electrolyte thickness to reduce internal resistance and achieve a high energy density for sodium batteries.展开更多
Research on the ecological effect of microronamentations on the scale surface in reptiles has been carried out over the past few decades.It is found that the microornamentation pattern in reptiles is related to their ...Research on the ecological effect of microronamentations on the scale surface in reptiles has been carried out over the past few decades.It is found that the microornamentation pattern in reptiles is related to their habitats.This study examined the wettability on scale surface,as well as the differences in microornamentation on ventral scales from the mid-body region in three snake species,Hypsiscopus plumbea(aquatic),Oocatochus rufodorsata(semi-aquatic) and Elaphe carinata(terricolous).Moreover,the scale specimens were metallized and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Our results showed that there are microornamentations on the ventral scale surfaces of the tested species,which showed interspecific differences.To be specific,the aquatic snake shows the narrow,fine and regular denticulations which are connected to reduce friction and dirt shedding.By contrast,the terrestrial snake acquired the wider and shorter denticulation which would render more friction during locomotion but it shows greater water resistance to improve the capacity of dirt shedding and compensate for the disadvantage of short and wide denticulations.Additionally,the denticulation characteristics of the semi-aquatic snake fell in between those of aquatic and terrestrial snakes.Therefore,it is deduced in this study that the ventral scale microornamentations in snakes contribute to ecological adaptation to their preferential microhabitats.展开更多
With the tide of economic globalization and the practice of“One Belt and One Road”Initiative,Sino-foreign cooperation has gradually become one of the effective ways to improve the quality of higher education.This pa...With the tide of economic globalization and the practice of“One Belt and One Road”Initiative,Sino-foreign cooperation has gradually become one of the effective ways to improve the quality of higher education.This paper based on the statistics and analysis of the data released by the Ministry of Education’s foreign-related supervision information platform,combining with the actual investigation and research on the situation of Sino-foreign cooperation of higher education in municipal universities of Wuhan,has found that the Sino-foreign cooperation programs commonly have problems of non-standardized enrollment of students,insufficient quality of teachers and teaching qualities,and lack of core competitiveness.Therefore,it is essential to upgrade the level of foreign cooperative institutions and the standards of students’recruitment,optimize the curriculum,pay attention to the public welfare of education,improve the teaching model,improve the level of teachers,so as to truly realize the original intention of Sino-foreign cooperation in municipal universities of Wuhan.展开更多
As in recent years the deepening reform and opening-up and the accelerated economic development of Hubei region as well as the vigorously advocate of the government for innovation and enterpreneurship,small and medium...As in recent years the deepening reform and opening-up and the accelerated economic development of Hubei region as well as the vigorously advocate of the government for innovation and enterpreneurship,small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises have already becoming a nucleus of pushing the rapid economic development in Hubei.This paper explores the whole development status of the Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board through the analysis of eight aspects of the 186 Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board Regularly Operated and Annual Report Disclosure in 2017,which finds out that currently Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board concentrate to the developed region,the overall education background of the employees is low and most of the enterprises are private enterprises with labor-intensive economy,the financial situation reflects the characteristics of industry differences.Enterprises should accelerate upgrading and transformation,enhancing the market competitive ability,at the same time the government should carefully study,formulating encouraging and supporting policies suitable for different enterprises and industries,strengthening supervision and management of SME board market in order to attract more outstanding small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises,accelerating the development of manufacturing industry in Hubei.展开更多
The Shuangwang gold deposit, located in the Fengxian-Taibai fore-arc basin in the western Qinling Orogen of Central China, has yielded over 70 tons of gold. It is an orogenic gold deposit occurring in an NW-trending b...The Shuangwang gold deposit, located in the Fengxian-Taibai fore-arc basin in the western Qinling Orogen of Central China, has yielded over 70 tons of gold. It is an orogenic gold deposit occurring in an NW-trending breccia belt. Most of the ores are hydrothermal breccia type containing fragments of adjacent strata cemented by ankerite and pyrite. Pyrite is the most abundant metallic mineral and the major gold-bearing mineral in the ores. A total of 58 pyrite samples from main ore bodies of the Shuangwang gold deposit have been analysed for 44 trace elements by HR-ICP-MS. Sb, Ba, Cu, Pb, Zn, Bi, Mo, Co are selected as indicator elements to investigate the potential usefulness of trace elements in pyrite as an indicator in gold exploration. The results show that the supra-ore halo elements Sb and Ba, which may have been more active than other near-ore halo elements and sub-ore halo elements, are best to characterize the shape of ore bodies. Five target areas are pointed out for deep ore exploration based on a comprehensive study of supra-ore, near-ore and sub-ore halos. This study provides evidence that trace elements in pyrite can be used to depict the deep extension of ore bodies and to vector towards undiscovered ore bodies.展开更多
Fluorescence lifetime imaging can reveal the high-resolution structure of various biophysical and chemical parameters in a microenvironment quantitatively.However,the depth of imaging is generally limited to hundreds ...Fluorescence lifetime imaging can reveal the high-resolution structure of various biophysical and chemical parameters in a microenvironment quantitatively.However,the depth of imaging is generally limited to hundreds of micrometers due to aberration and light scattering in biological tissues.This paper introduces an iterative multi-photon adaptive compensation technique(IMPACT)into a two-photon fluorescence lifetime microscopy system to successfully overcome aberrations and multiple scattering problems in deep tissues.It shows that 400 correction modes can be achieved within 5 min,which was mainly limited by the frame rate of a spatial light modulator.This system was used for high-resolution imaging of mice brain tissue and live zebrafish,further verifying its superior performance in imaging quality and photon accumulation speed.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2024GX-YBXM-010).
文摘Detecting oriented targets in remote sensing images amidst complex and heterogeneous backgrounds remains a formidable challenge in the field of object detection.Current frameworks for oriented detection modules are constrained by intrinsic limitations,including excessive computational and memory overheads,discrepancies between predefined anchors and ground truth bounding boxes,intricate training processes,and feature alignment inconsistencies.To overcome these challenges,we present ASL-OOD(Angle-based SIOU Loss for Oriented Object Detection),a novel,efficient,and robust one-stage framework tailored for oriented object detection.The ASL-OOD framework comprises three core components:the Transformer-based Backbone(TB),the Transformer-based Neck(TN),and the Angle-SIOU(Scylla Intersection over Union)based Decoupled Head(ASDH).By leveraging the Swin Transformer,the TB and TN modules offer several key advantages,such as the capacity to model long-range dependencies,preserve high-resolution feature representations,seamlessly integrate multi-scale features,and enhance parameter efficiency.These improvements empower the model to accurately detect objects across varying scales.The ASDH module further enhances detection performance by incorporating angle-aware optimization based on SIOU,ensuring precise angular consistency and bounding box coherence.This approach effectively harmonizes shape loss and distance loss during the optimization process,thereby significantly boosting detection accuracy.Comprehensive evaluations and ablation studies on standard benchmark datasets such as DOTA with an mAP(mean Average Precision)of 80.16 percent,HRSC2016 with an mAP of 91.07 percent,MAR20 with an mAP of 85.45 percent,and UAVDT with an mAP of 39.7 percent demonstrate the clear superiority of ASL-OOD over state-of-the-art oriented object detection models.These findings underscore the model’s efficacy as an advanced solution for challenging remote sensing object detection tasks.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31802297)。
文摘Spatial heterogeneity or“patchiness”of plankton distributions in the ocean has always been an attractive and challenging scientific issue to oceanographers.We focused on the accumulation and dynamic mechanism of the Acetes chinensis in the Lianyungang nearshore licensed fishing area.The Lagrangian frame approaches including the Lagrangian coherent structures theory,Lagrangian residual current,and Lagrangian particle-tracking model were applied to find the transport pathways and aggregation characteristics of Acetes chinensis.There exist some material transport pathways for Acetes chinensis passing through the licensed fishing area,and Acetes chinensis is easy to accumulate in the licensed fishing area.The main mechanism forming this distribution pattern is the local circulation induced by the nonlinear interaction of topography and tidal flow.Both the Lagrangian coherent structure analysis and the particle trajectory tracking indicate that Acetes chinensis in the licensed fishing area come from the nearshore estuary.This work contributed to the adjustment of licensed fishing area and the efficient utilization of fishery resources.
基金This research was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2024GX-YBXM-010)the National Science Foundation of China(61972302).
文摘The collective Unmanned Weapon System-of-Systems(UWSOS)network represents a fundamental element in modern warfare,characterized by a diverse array of unmanned combat platforms interconnected through hetero-geneous network architectures.Despite its strategic importance,the UWSOS network is highly susceptible to hostile infiltrations,which significantly impede its battlefield recovery capabilities.Existing methods to enhance network resilience predominantly focus on basic graph relationships,neglecting the crucial higher-order dependencies among nodes necessary for capturing multi-hop meta-paths within the UWSOS.To address these limitations,we propose the Enhanced-Resilience Multi-Layer Attention Graph Convolutional Network(E-MAGCN),designed to augment the adaptability of UWSOS.Our approach employs BERT for extracting semantic insights from nodes and edges,thereby refining feature representations by leveraging various node and edge categories.Additionally,E-MAGCN integrates a regularization-based multi-layer attention mechanism and a semantic node fusion algo-rithm within the Graph Convolutional Network(GCN)framework.Through extensive simulation experiments,our model demonstrates an enhancement in resilience performance ranging from 1.2% to 7% over existing algorithms.
基金supported by the open project of the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,China (GMU-2022-HJZ-06)。
文摘Naringin exists in a wide range of Chinese herbal medicine and has proven to possess several pharmacological properties.In this study,PC12,HepG2 cells,and female Drosophila melanogaster were used to investigate the antioxidative and anti-aging effects of naringin and explore the underlying mechanisms.The results showed that naringin inhibited H_(2)O_(2)-induced decline in cell viability and decreased,the content of reactive oxygen species in cells.Meanwhile,naringin prolonged the lifespan of flies,enhanced the abilities of climbing and the resistance to stress,improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes,and decreased malondialdehyde content.Naringin also improved intestinal barrier dysfunction and reduced abnormal proliferation of intestinal stem cells.Moreover,naringin down-regulated the mRNA expressions of inr,chico,pi 3k,and akt-1,and up-regulated the mRNA expressions of dilp2,dilp3,dilp5,and foxo,thereby activating autophagy-related genes and increasing the number of lysosomes.Furthermore,the mutant stocks assays and computer molecular simulation results further indicated that naringin delayed aging by inhibiting the insulin signaling(IIS)pathway and activating the autophagy pathway,which was consistent with the result of network pharmacological predictions.
基金Y.Hou expresses appreciation of the assistance of the NSFC 51702284 and 21878270Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR19B060002)the Startup Foundation for Hundred-Talent Program of Zhejiang University(112100-193820101/001/022).
文摘Demand of highly efficient earth-abundant transition metal-based electrocatalysts to replace noble metal materials for boosting oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is rapidly growing.Herein,an electrochemically exfoliated graphite(EG)foil supported bimetallic selenide encased in N-doped carbon(EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC)hybrid is developed and synthesized by a vapor-phase hydrothermal strategy and subsequent selenization process.The as-prepared EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC hybrid exhibits a core-shell structure where the particle diameter of(Co,Ni)Se2 core is about 70 nm and the thickness of N-doped carbon shell is approximately 5 nm.Benefitting from the synergistic effects between the combination of highly active Co species and improved electron transfer from Ni species,and N-doped carbon,the EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC hybrid shows remarkable electrocatalytic activity toward OER with a comparatively low overpotential of 258 mV at an current density of 10 mA cm?2 and a small Tafel slope of 73.3 mV dec?1.The excellent OER catalysis performance of EG/(Co,Ni)Se2-NC hybrid is much better than that of commercial Ir/C(343 mV at 10 mA cm?2 and 98.1 mV dec?1),and even almost the best among all previously reported binary CoNi selenide-based OER electrocatalysts.Furthermore,in situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy combined with ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicates that the superb OER catalysis activity can be attributed to the highly active Co-OOH species and modified electron transfer process from Ni element.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971755)the Beijing Municiple Natural Science Foundation (6192011) of China。
文摘Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely cultivated perennial leguminous forage crop woldwide.Micro RNA156 (miR156) precursor genes from dicotyledonous species are reportedly useful for improving alfalfa plant architecture and abiotic stress resistance.However,there has been no report on whether a miR156 precursor gene from a monocotyledonous species functions in alfalfa.We introduced two tandem precursor genes of miR156,rice Osa-MIR156b and Osa-MIR156c (Osa-MIR156bc),into alfalfa.The expression of miR156 in the transgenic (TG) alfalfa was significantly elevated.Compared to wild-type plants,the TG plants overexpressing miR156 had more branches and leaves and showed improved salt and drought tolerance.Overexpression of miR156 slightly reduced plant height,but the biomass yield of TG plants grown in flowerpots was still increased.Forage quality of TG plants was markedly improved by reduction of acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and increase in crude protein content.The expression of the putative miR156 target genes Ms SPL6,Ms SPL12,and Ms SPL13 in TG plants was repressed by miR156overexpression,and that of all tested Ms SPLs would be sharply increased under drought or salt stress.RNA sequencing revealed that overexpression of miR156 affected the expression of genes associated with abiotic stress resistance and plant development in multiple pathways.This first report of overexpression of monocot miR156 precursors in alfalfa sheds light on the function of mi RNA156 precursors from the monocot species rice that could be used for genetic improvement of the dicot forage crop alfalfa.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0700402)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61961136005/61935012/62175163/61835009)+1 种基金Shenzhen Key projects(JCYJ20200109105404067)Shenzhen International Cooperation Project(GJHZ 20190822095420249).
文摘Apoptosis is very important for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and is closely related to the occurrence and treatment of many diseases.Mitochondria in cells play a crucial role in programmed cell death and redox processes.Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD(P)H)is the primary producer of energy in mitochondria,changing NAD(P)H can directly reflect the physiological state of mitochondria.Therefore,NAD(P)H can be used to evaluate metabolic response.In this paper,we propose a noninvasive detection method that uses two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy(TP-FLIM)to characterize apoptosis by observing the binding kinetics of cellular endogenous NAD(P)H.The result shows that the average fluorescence lifetime of NAD(P)H and the fluorescence lifetime of protein-bound NAD(P)H will be affected by the changing pH,serum content,and oxygen concentration in the cell culture environment,and by the treatment with reagents such as H2O2 and paclitaxel.Taxol(PTX).This noninvasive detection method realized the dynamic detection of cellular endogenous substances and the assessment of apoptosis.
基金Agency for Science,Technology and Research for its funding(U21-M1-019AR).
文摘The solid-state electrolyte in a solid-state battery acts as an electrons'barrier and an ions'bridge between the two electrodes.As solid-state electrolyte does not store the mobile ions,it is necessary to achieve a thin solid-state electrolyte to reduce the internal resistance and enhance the energy density.In this work,a thin NASICON solid-state electrolyte,with a stoichiometry of Na_(3)Zr_(2)Si_(2)PO_(12),is fabricated by the tape-casting method and its thickness can be easily controlled by the gap between substrate and scraper.The areal-specific resistance and the flexural strength increase with the electrolyte thickness.A solid-state sodium metal battery with 86 pm thick Na_(3)Zr_(2)Si_(2)PO_(12)exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 73-78 mAh g^(-1)with a redox potential of 3.4 V at 0.2 C.This work presents the importance of electrolyte thickness to reduce internal resistance and achieve a high energy density for sodium batteries.
基金supported by grants from Natural Science Foundation of China(31200283 and 31770443)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Research on the ecological effect of microronamentations on the scale surface in reptiles has been carried out over the past few decades.It is found that the microornamentation pattern in reptiles is related to their habitats.This study examined the wettability on scale surface,as well as the differences in microornamentation on ventral scales from the mid-body region in three snake species,Hypsiscopus plumbea(aquatic),Oocatochus rufodorsata(semi-aquatic) and Elaphe carinata(terricolous).Moreover,the scale specimens were metallized and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Our results showed that there are microornamentations on the ventral scale surfaces of the tested species,which showed interspecific differences.To be specific,the aquatic snake shows the narrow,fine and regular denticulations which are connected to reduce friction and dirt shedding.By contrast,the terrestrial snake acquired the wider and shorter denticulation which would render more friction during locomotion but it shows greater water resistance to improve the capacity of dirt shedding and compensate for the disadvantage of short and wide denticulations.Additionally,the denticulation characteristics of the semi-aquatic snake fell in between those of aquatic and terrestrial snakes.Therefore,it is deduced in this study that the ventral scale microornamentations in snakes contribute to ecological adaptation to their preferential microhabitats.
文摘With the tide of economic globalization and the practice of“One Belt and One Road”Initiative,Sino-foreign cooperation has gradually become one of the effective ways to improve the quality of higher education.This paper based on the statistics and analysis of the data released by the Ministry of Education’s foreign-related supervision information platform,combining with the actual investigation and research on the situation of Sino-foreign cooperation of higher education in municipal universities of Wuhan,has found that the Sino-foreign cooperation programs commonly have problems of non-standardized enrollment of students,insufficient quality of teachers and teaching qualities,and lack of core competitiveness.Therefore,it is essential to upgrade the level of foreign cooperative institutions and the standards of students’recruitment,optimize the curriculum,pay attention to the public welfare of education,improve the teaching model,improve the level of teachers,so as to truly realize the original intention of Sino-foreign cooperation in municipal universities of Wuhan.
基金Subsidized Project of Management Science and Engineering of Key Disciplines in Hubei Province“The Research of the Development of the Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board”(Project No.ZDXK2018YB12).
文摘As in recent years the deepening reform and opening-up and the accelerated economic development of Hubei region as well as the vigorously advocate of the government for innovation and enterpreneurship,small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises have already becoming a nucleus of pushing the rapid economic development in Hubei.This paper explores the whole development status of the Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board through the analysis of eight aspects of the 186 Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board Regularly Operated and Annual Report Disclosure in 2017,which finds out that currently Hubei Manufacturing Enterprises in SME Board concentrate to the developed region,the overall education background of the employees is low and most of the enterprises are private enterprises with labor-intensive economy,the financial situation reflects the characteristics of industry differences.Enterprises should accelerate upgrading and transformation,enhancing the market competitive ability,at the same time the government should carefully study,formulating encouraging and supporting policies suitable for different enterprises and industries,strengthening supervision and management of SME board market in order to attract more outstanding small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises,accelerating the development of manufacturing industry in Hubei.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41230311,41272106,41030423)the Special Program on Mineral Resources Survey from CGS(No.1212011220923)
文摘The Shuangwang gold deposit, located in the Fengxian-Taibai fore-arc basin in the western Qinling Orogen of Central China, has yielded over 70 tons of gold. It is an orogenic gold deposit occurring in an NW-trending breccia belt. Most of the ores are hydrothermal breccia type containing fragments of adjacent strata cemented by ankerite and pyrite. Pyrite is the most abundant metallic mineral and the major gold-bearing mineral in the ores. A total of 58 pyrite samples from main ore bodies of the Shuangwang gold deposit have been analysed for 44 trace elements by HR-ICP-MS. Sb, Ba, Cu, Pb, Zn, Bi, Mo, Co are selected as indicator elements to investigate the potential usefulness of trace elements in pyrite as an indicator in gold exploration. The results show that the supra-ore halo elements Sb and Ba, which may have been more active than other near-ore halo elements and sub-ore halo elements, are best to characterize the shape of ore bodies. Five target areas are pointed out for deep ore exploration based on a comprehensive study of supra-ore, near-ore and sub-ore halos. This study provides evidence that trace elements in pyrite can be used to depict the deep extension of ore bodies and to vector towards undiscovered ore bodies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFF0502900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62175163,62225505,61935012,61835009,62127819,and 62205220)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Key Projects(No.JCYJ20200109105404067)the Shenzhen Talent Innovation Project(No.RCJC20210706091949022)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Project(No.ZDSYS20210623092006020)。
文摘Fluorescence lifetime imaging can reveal the high-resolution structure of various biophysical and chemical parameters in a microenvironment quantitatively.However,the depth of imaging is generally limited to hundreds of micrometers due to aberration and light scattering in biological tissues.This paper introduces an iterative multi-photon adaptive compensation technique(IMPACT)into a two-photon fluorescence lifetime microscopy system to successfully overcome aberrations and multiple scattering problems in deep tissues.It shows that 400 correction modes can be achieved within 5 min,which was mainly limited by the frame rate of a spatial light modulator.This system was used for high-resolution imaging of mice brain tissue and live zebrafish,further verifying its superior performance in imaging quality and photon accumulation speed.
