BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic im...BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management strategies.Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated damage.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.AIM To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.METHODS This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy controls.Macular vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using OCTA.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls.NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls.NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes.On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.CONCLUSION Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.展开更多
BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch a...BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch and central retinal arteries and veins,alongside anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to identify these macular subclinical microvascular and structural changes.AIM To evaluate macular and peripapillary structural and microvasculature changes in patients with migraine with aura(MA),migraine without aura(MW),and healthy control(HC)participants using OCTA.METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study,we studied a total of 100 eyes:(1)32 eyes of 16 patients with MA;(2)36 eyes of 18 patients with MW,recruited based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders;and(3)32 eyes of 16 age and sex-matched healthy participants.Foveal flux,foveal avascular zone(FAZ),peripapillary flux obtained from OCTA,and foveal and peripapillary ganglion cell layer(GCL)thickness calculated via optical coherence tomography were compared among the groups.RESULTS The mean FAZ area measured in patients with MA and MW was significantly larger than that in the control participants(P=0.002).However,there was no significant difference between the FAZ of the MA and MW groups.Macular perfusion in the superficial capillary plexus in patients with MA was significantly lower compared to MW(P=0.0018)and HCs(P=0.002).There was also significant thinning of the GCL in patients with MA and MW(P=0.001)compared to HCs.However,there was no significant difference in temporal GCL thickness between the MA and MW groups.CONCLUSION Significant changes have been found in structural and microvascular parameters in patients with migraines compared with HCs.OCTA can serve as a valuable non-invasive imaging technique for identifying microcirculatory disturbances,aiding in better understanding the pathogenesis of different types of migraine and establishing their link with other ischemic retinal and systemic pathologies.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management strategies.Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated damage.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.AIM To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.METHODS This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy controls.Macular vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using OCTA.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls.NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls.NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes.On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.CONCLUSION Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.
文摘BACKGROUND Migraine has been proposed as a potential contributing factor to ischemic complications involving the retina and optic nerve.Ophthalmic disorders connected with migraine encompass occlusions of the branch and central retinal arteries and veins,alongside anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to identify these macular subclinical microvascular and structural changes.AIM To evaluate macular and peripapillary structural and microvasculature changes in patients with migraine with aura(MA),migraine without aura(MW),and healthy control(HC)participants using OCTA.METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study,we studied a total of 100 eyes:(1)32 eyes of 16 patients with MA;(2)36 eyes of 18 patients with MW,recruited based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders;and(3)32 eyes of 16 age and sex-matched healthy participants.Foveal flux,foveal avascular zone(FAZ),peripapillary flux obtained from OCTA,and foveal and peripapillary ganglion cell layer(GCL)thickness calculated via optical coherence tomography were compared among the groups.RESULTS The mean FAZ area measured in patients with MA and MW was significantly larger than that in the control participants(P=0.002).However,there was no significant difference between the FAZ of the MA and MW groups.Macular perfusion in the superficial capillary plexus in patients with MA was significantly lower compared to MW(P=0.0018)and HCs(P=0.002).There was also significant thinning of the GCL in patients with MA and MW(P=0.001)compared to HCs.However,there was no significant difference in temporal GCL thickness between the MA and MW groups.CONCLUSION Significant changes have been found in structural and microvascular parameters in patients with migraines compared with HCs.OCTA can serve as a valuable non-invasive imaging technique for identifying microcirculatory disturbances,aiding in better understanding the pathogenesis of different types of migraine and establishing their link with other ischemic retinal and systemic pathologies.
