During the boll formation stage,cotton bolls exhibit the lowest expression of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal proteins.Resistance to insects varies notably among different organs,which poses challenges for cont...During the boll formation stage,cotton bolls exhibit the lowest expression of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal proteins.Resistance to insects varies notably among different organs,which poses challenges for controlling cotton bollworms.Consequently,an experimental strategy was designed in the 2020-2021 cotton growing season to coordinate the enhancement of protein synthesis and the attenuation of degradation.Two Bt cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum,namely the hybrid Sikang 3 and the conventional Sikang 1,were used as test materials.Three treatments were applied at the peak flowering period:CK(the control),T1(amino acids),and T2(amino acids and EDTA).The results show that,in comparison to the CK group,the Bt protein contents were significantly increased in both cotton bolls and their subtending leaves under the T1 and T2 treatments.The maximum levels of increase observed were 67.5%in cotton bolls and 21.7%in leaves.Moreover,the disparity in Bt protein content between cotton bolls and their subtending leaves notably decreased by 31.2%.Correlation analysis suggested that the primary physiological mechanisms for augmenting Bt protein content involve increased protein synthesis and reduced protein catabolism,which are independent of Bt gene expression levels.Stepwise regression and path analysis revealed that elevating the soluble protein content and transaminase activity,while reducing the catabolic enzyme activities,are instrumental in enhancing the Bt protein content.Consequently,the coordinated application of amino acids and EDTA emerges as a strategy that can improve the overall resistance of Bt cotton and mitigate the spatiotemporal variations in Bt toxin concentrations in both cotton bolls and leaves.展开更多
A high-efficient one-step synthesis of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen was developed just by thermal treatment of KN3powders.Raman and infrared spectra confirm the formation of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen.Further ...A high-efficient one-step synthesis of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen was developed just by thermal treatment of KN3powders.Raman and infrared spectra confirm the formation of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen.Further thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimeter measurements show that the content of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen is as high as 1.5 wt%with high thermal stability,which is the highest content value reported so far.展开更多
The recent discovery of room temperature superconductivity(283 K)in carbonaceous sulfur hydride(C-S-H)has attracted much interest in ternary hydrogen rich materials.In this report,ternary hydride P-S-H was synthesized...The recent discovery of room temperature superconductivity(283 K)in carbonaceous sulfur hydride(C-S-H)has attracted much interest in ternary hydrogen rich materials.In this report,ternary hydride P-S-H was synthesized through a photothermal-chemical reaction from elemental sulfur(S),phosphorus(P)and molecular hydrogen(H_(2))at high pressures and room temperature.Raman spectroscopy under pressure shows that H_(2)S and PH_(3) compounds are synthesized after laser heating at 0.9 GPa,and a ternary van der Waals compound P-S-H is synthesized with further compression to 4.6 GPa.The P-S-H compound is probably a mixed alloy of PH_(3) and(H_(2)S)_(2)H_(2) with a vip-host structure similar to the C-S-H system.The ternary hydride can persist up to 35.6 GPa at least and shows two phase transitions at approximately 23.6 GPa and 32.8 GPa,respectively.展开更多
The layered van der Waals antiferromagnetic Fe PS_(3) has received considerable attention because long range magnetic ordering can remain with single atoms layer,which offers potential applications in future ultrathin...The layered van der Waals antiferromagnetic Fe PS_(3) has received considerable attention because long range magnetic ordering can remain with single atoms layer,which offers potential applications in future ultrathin devices.Here,we perform Raman spectroscopy to systematically explore the variations of lattice vibration and crystal structure under pressure up to 18.9 GPa.We observe two structural phase transitions at approximately 4 GPa and 13 GPa,respectively.Moreover,by monitoring spin-related Raman modes,we demonstrate a pressure-induced magnetic structure transition above 2 GPa.These modes disappear accompanying the second structural phase transition and insulator-to-metal transition(IMT),indicating the suppression of long-range magnetic ordering,in agreement with earlier neutron powder diffraction experiments.展开更多
A large-sized CuZr-based bulk metallic glass （BMG） composite with enhanced mechanical properties is prepared successfully. With the addition of Ta to CuZr-based alloys, the critical composite size changes and the mi...A large-sized CuZr-based bulk metallic glass （BMG） composite with enhanced mechanical properties is prepared successfully. With the addition of Ta to CuZr-based alloys, the critical composite size changes and the microstructure diversifies. The composite with 0.5 at,% Ta addition has the largest critical size with the microstructure of single CuZr（B2） phase uniformly dispersing in amorphous matrix. This composite exhibits good mechanicat properties, i.e., large compressive plasticity and work-hardening ability, which should be attributed to the uniformly distributed CuZr（B2） phase. The increased critical size of CuZr-based BMG composite can be explained by the fact that proper Ta addition can suppress the precipitation of crystalline phases other than B2 CuZr phase during solidification. This study may be helpful for the fabrication of large- sized BMG composites with excellent mechanical properties.展开更多
Due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),T cells are usually inactivated and tend to differentiate into regulatory T cells(Tregs)in the tumor tissues,which seriously hinders the anti-tumor efficiency o...Due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),T cells are usually inactivated and tend to differentiate into regulatory T cells(Tregs)in the tumor tissues,which seriously hinders the anti-tumor efficiency of immunotherapy.In this study,an immune-stimulating polypeptide hydrogel conjugated with an indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)inhibitor,1-methyl-D-tryptophan(D1MT),through a glutathione(GSH)-responsive spacer was developed as an immunotherapy platform capable of regulating the TME.A combined immunotherapy system was further constructed through encapsulating doxorubicin(Dox)and immune checkpoint blocking antibody targeting programmed cell death protein 1(aPD-1)in the hydrogel.Dox released from the hydrogel could cause the immunogenic cell death(ICD)of tumor cells and induce the maturation of antigen presenting cells(APCs).After intratumoral injection,the multiple agent-loaded hydrogel elicited effective anti-tumor immunity in mice bearing B16F10 melanoma.Moreover,compared with the control hydrogel without D1MT,the immune-stimulating hydrogel showed better efficiency in improving the immunosuppressive TME with increased number of activated T cells and reduced number of Tregs.Therefore,the immune-stimulating hydrogel has great potential as a stimuli-responsive platform for regulating suppressive TME and enhanced anti-tumor chemo-immunotherapy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901462 and 31671613)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(22KJA210005)+1 种基金the China Scholarship Council(202308320440)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China(KYCX22_3508)。
文摘During the boll formation stage,cotton bolls exhibit the lowest expression of Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)insecticidal proteins.Resistance to insects varies notably among different organs,which poses challenges for controlling cotton bollworms.Consequently,an experimental strategy was designed in the 2020-2021 cotton growing season to coordinate the enhancement of protein synthesis and the attenuation of degradation.Two Bt cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum,namely the hybrid Sikang 3 and the conventional Sikang 1,were used as test materials.Three treatments were applied at the peak flowering period:CK(the control),T1(amino acids),and T2(amino acids and EDTA).The results show that,in comparison to the CK group,the Bt protein contents were significantly increased in both cotton bolls and their subtending leaves under the T1 and T2 treatments.The maximum levels of increase observed were 67.5%in cotton bolls and 21.7%in leaves.Moreover,the disparity in Bt protein content between cotton bolls and their subtending leaves notably decreased by 31.2%.Correlation analysis suggested that the primary physiological mechanisms for augmenting Bt protein content involve increased protein synthesis and reduced protein catabolism,which are independent of Bt gene expression levels.Stepwise regression and path analysis revealed that elevating the soluble protein content and transaminase activity,while reducing the catabolic enzyme activities,are instrumental in enhancing the Bt protein content.Consequently,the coordinated application of amino acids and EDTA emerges as a strategy that can improve the overall resistance of Bt cotton and mitigate the spatiotemporal variations in Bt toxin concentrations in both cotton bolls and leaves.
基金Project supported by the CASHIPS Director’s Fund(Grant Nos.YZJJ202207-CX,YZJJ202308-TS,YZJJGGZX-2022-01)。
文摘A high-efficient one-step synthesis of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen was developed just by thermal treatment of KN3powders.Raman and infrared spectra confirm the formation of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen.Further thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimeter measurements show that the content of cubic gauche polymeric nitrogen is as high as 1.5 wt%with high thermal stability,which is the highest content value reported so far.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52002372,51672279,51727806,11874361,and 11774354)Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016001)Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Grant(Grant No.CXJJ-19-B08)。
文摘The recent discovery of room temperature superconductivity(283 K)in carbonaceous sulfur hydride(C-S-H)has attracted much interest in ternary hydrogen rich materials.In this report,ternary hydride P-S-H was synthesized through a photothermal-chemical reaction from elemental sulfur(S),phosphorus(P)and molecular hydrogen(H_(2))at high pressures and room temperature.Raman spectroscopy under pressure shows that H_(2)S and PH_(3) compounds are synthesized after laser heating at 0.9 GPa,and a ternary van der Waals compound P-S-H is synthesized with further compression to 4.6 GPa.The P-S-H compound is probably a mixed alloy of PH_(3) and(H_(2)S)_(2)H_(2) with a vip-host structure similar to the C-S-H system.The ternary hydride can persist up to 35.6 GPa at least and shows two phase transitions at approximately 23.6 GPa and 32.8 GPa,respectively.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52002372,12004387,51672279,51727806,11874361,and 11774354))Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016001)the CASHIPS Director’s Fund(Grant No.YZJJ201705)。
文摘The layered van der Waals antiferromagnetic Fe PS_(3) has received considerable attention because long range magnetic ordering can remain with single atoms layer,which offers potential applications in future ultrathin devices.Here,we perform Raman spectroscopy to systematically explore the variations of lattice vibration and crystal structure under pressure up to 18.9 GPa.We observe two structural phase transitions at approximately 4 GPa and 13 GPa,respectively.Moreover,by monitoring spin-related Raman modes,we demonstrate a pressure-induced magnetic structure transition above 2 GPa.These modes disappear accompanying the second structural phase transition and insulator-to-metal transition(IMT),indicating the suppression of long-range magnetic ordering,in agreement with earlier neutron powder diffraction experiments.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Granted Nos. 51161130526 and 51101004)
文摘A large-sized CuZr-based bulk metallic glass （BMG） composite with enhanced mechanical properties is prepared successfully. With the addition of Ta to CuZr-based alloys, the critical composite size changes and the microstructure diversifies. The composite with 0.5 at,% Ta addition has the largest critical size with the microstructure of single CuZr（B2） phase uniformly dispersing in amorphous matrix. This composite exhibits good mechanicat properties, i.e., large compressive plasticity and work-hardening ability, which should be attributed to the uniformly distributed CuZr（B2） phase. The increased critical size of CuZr-based BMG composite can be explained by the fact that proper Ta addition can suppress the precipitation of crystalline phases other than B2 CuZr phase during solidification. This study may be helpful for the fabrication of large- sized BMG composites with excellent mechanical properties.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects 52173147,52203202,51973218)the Scientific and Technological Development Projects of Jilin Province(20240202002GX).
文摘Due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),T cells are usually inactivated and tend to differentiate into regulatory T cells(Tregs)in the tumor tissues,which seriously hinders the anti-tumor efficiency of immunotherapy.In this study,an immune-stimulating polypeptide hydrogel conjugated with an indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)inhibitor,1-methyl-D-tryptophan(D1MT),through a glutathione(GSH)-responsive spacer was developed as an immunotherapy platform capable of regulating the TME.A combined immunotherapy system was further constructed through encapsulating doxorubicin(Dox)and immune checkpoint blocking antibody targeting programmed cell death protein 1(aPD-1)in the hydrogel.Dox released from the hydrogel could cause the immunogenic cell death(ICD)of tumor cells and induce the maturation of antigen presenting cells(APCs).After intratumoral injection,the multiple agent-loaded hydrogel elicited effective anti-tumor immunity in mice bearing B16F10 melanoma.Moreover,compared with the control hydrogel without D1MT,the immune-stimulating hydrogel showed better efficiency in improving the immunosuppressive TME with increased number of activated T cells and reduced number of Tregs.Therefore,the immune-stimulating hydrogel has great potential as a stimuli-responsive platform for regulating suppressive TME and enhanced anti-tumor chemo-immunotherapy.
