Lipids may play an important role in preventing gas embolisms by coating nanobubbles in xylem sap.Few studies on xylem sap lipids have been reported for temperate plants,and it remain unclear whether sap lipids have a...Lipids may play an important role in preventing gas embolisms by coating nanobubbles in xylem sap.Few studies on xylem sap lipids have been reported for temperate plants,and it remain unclear whether sap lipids have adaptational significance in tropical plants.In this study,we quantify the lipid composition of xylem sap for angiosperm species from a tropical savanna(seven species)and a seasonal rainforest(five species)using mass spectrometry.We found that all twelve species studied contained lipids in their xylem sap,including galactolipids,phospholipids and triacylglycerol,with a total lipid concentration ranging from 0.09 to 0.26 nmol/L.There was no difference in lipid concentration or composition between plants from the two sites,and the lipid concentration was negatively related to species’open vessel volume.Furthermore,savanna species showed little variation in lipid composition between the dry and the rainy season.These results support the hypothesis that xylem sap lipids are derived from the cytoplasm of individual conduit cells,remain trapped inside individual conduits,and undergo few changes in composition over consecutive seasons.A xylem sap lipidomic data set,which includes 12 tropical tree species from this study and 11 temperate tree species from literature,revealed no phylogenetic signals in lipid composition for these species.This study fills a knowledge gap in the lipid content of xylem sap in tropical trees and provides additional support for their common distribution in xylem sap of woody angiosperms.It appears that xylem sap lipids have no adaptive significance.展开更多
Metal nanomaterials can facilitate microbial extracellular electron transfer(EET)in the electrochemically active biofilm.However,the role of nanomaterials/bacteria interaction in this process is still unclear.Here,we ...Metal nanomaterials can facilitate microbial extracellular electron transfer(EET)in the electrochemically active biofilm.However,the role of nanomaterials/bacteria interaction in this process is still unclear.Here,we reported the single-cell voltammetric imaging of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 at the single-cell level to elucidate the metal-enhanced EET mechanism in vivo by the Fermi level-responsive graphene electrode.Quantified oxidation currents of~20 fA were observed from single native cells and gold nanoparticle(AuNP)-coated cells in linear sweep voltammetry analysis.On the contrary,the oxidation potential was reduced by up to 100 mV after AuNP modification.It revealed the mechanism of AuNP-catalyzed direct EET decreasing the oxidation barrier between the outer membrane cytochromes and the electrode.Our method offered a promising strategy to understand the nanomaterials/bacteria interaction and guide the rational construction of EET-related microbial fuel cells.展开更多
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has established itself as an excellent transduction technique in biosensing and light-emitting device, while conventional ECL mechanism depending on spontaneous emission of luminophores ...Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has established itself as an excellent transduction technique in biosensing and light-emitting device, while conventional ECL mechanism depending on spontaneous emission of luminophores lacks reversibility and tunable emission characters, limiting the universality of ECL technique in the fields of fundamental research and clinical applications. Here, we report the first observation of stimulated emission route in ECL and thus establish a reversible tuning ECL microscopy for single-cell imaging. This microscopy uses a focused red-shifted beam to transfer spontaneous ECL into stimulated ECL, which enables selective and reversible tuning of ECL emission from homogeneous solution, single particles, and single cells. After excluding other possible competitive routes, the stimulated ECL emission route is confirmed by a dual-objective system in which the suppressed spontaneous ECL is accompanied by the enhanced stimulated ECL. By incorporating a commercial donut-shaped beam, the sharpness of single-cell matrix adhesion is improved 2 to 3 times compared with the counterpart in confocal ECL mode. The successful establishment of this stimulated emission ECL will greatly advance the development of light-emitting device and super-resolution ECL microscopy.展开更多
Sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes,such as proteins,genes,small molecules,ions,cells,etc.,has been a significant project in life science.Signal amplification is one of the most effective approache...Sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes,such as proteins,genes,small molecules,ions,cells,etc.,has been a significant project in life science.Signal amplification is one of the most effective approaches to improve the sensitivity of bioanalysis.Taking advantage of specific base pairing,programmable operation,and predictable assembly,DNA is flexible and suitable to perform the signal amplification procedure.In recent years,signal amplification strategies by means of DNA technology have been widely integrated into the construction of electrochemiluminescence(ECL)biosensors,achieving desirable analytical performance in clinical diagnosis,biomedical research,and drug development.To the best of our knowledge,these DNA signal amplification technologies mainly include classical polymerase chain reaction,and various amplification approaches conducted under mild conditions,such as rolling circle amplification(RCA)or hyperbranched RCA,cleaving enzyme-assisted amplification,DNAzyme-involved amplification,toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement amplification without enzyme participation,and so on.This review overviews the recent advancements of DNA signal amplification strategies for bioanalysis in the ECL realm,sketching the creative trajectory from strategies design to ultrasensitive ECL platform construction and resulting applications.展开更多
Comprehensive Summary,With the rapid development in the field of biomedical diagnosis and treatment,carbon dots(CDs)with favorable photostability,biocompatibility and high quantum yields for deep-red to near-infrared ...Comprehensive Summary,With the rapid development in the field of biomedical diagnosis and treatment,carbon dots(CDs)with favorable photostability,biocompatibility and high quantum yields for deep-red to near-infrared emission have attracted the attention of a majority of researchers.By enlarging the sp2 domain in the core of CDs,doping them with heteroatoms like nitrogen and sulfur,applying hydrothermal,electrochemical,or microwave-assisted techniques,CDs can be made with the aforementioned photoemission capabilities.In view of these excellent properties,CDs are flourishing in biosensing and biomedical applications,so that a thorough description and discussion of this topic is beneficial to capture the up-to-date progress of CDs in this field,providing suggestions and considerations for readers.展开更多
The preparation of highly active electrocatalysts with good durability and low cost for fuel cells is highly desir- able but still remains a significant challenge. Here we synthesized two dimensional （2D） C3N4 nanos...The preparation of highly active electrocatalysts with good durability and low cost for fuel cells is highly desir- able but still remains a significant challenge. Here we synthesized two dimensional （2D） C3N4 nanosheets supported palladium composites （C3N4/Pd） via a simple and convenient sonochemical approach. We have systematically stud- ied the electrocatalytic performance of as-prepared catalysts. We found that the prepared C3N4/Pd composites pos- sessed excellent catalytic activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） in alkaline media. Encourag- ingly, the C3N4/Pd catalysts exhibit the excellent electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） in alkaline media, even better than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst, The excellent electrocatalytic performance of the 2D C3N4 nanosheets supported palladium composites catalysts results from their synergy effect between the ul- trathin substrate material with large surface area and excellent dispersion of palladium nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that sonochemical method opens up a new avenue for the preparation of electrocatalysts for fuel cells. We expect these materials are likely to find uses in a broad range of applications, for example, fuel cells, solar cells, batteries and other electrochemical analysis.展开更多
Fluorescent gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)have recently emerged as a novel kind of promising fluorescent probes for high-performance sensors and bioimaging because of their ultrasmall size(\3 nm),strong luminescence,good ph...Fluorescent gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)have recently emerged as a novel kind of promising fluorescent probes for high-performance sensors and bioimaging because of their ultrasmall size(\3 nm),strong luminescence,good photostability,and excellent biocompatibility.Over the past decade,we have witnessed growing popularity of AuNCs in analytical applications and enormous efforts have been devoted to their development.In this review,we provide an update on recent advances in the development of AuNCs in terms of physicochemical properties,synthesis strategies,and bioapplications.The optical,electrochemical,catalytical,and solvatochromic properties of AuNCs are first summarized,which are followed by different ligands or template-assisted controllable synthetic methods.Afterwards functionalization of AuNCs is described in terms of ligand exchange,bioconjugation,and noncovalent interaction.We then focus on the applications of AuNCs as fluorescent probes for detection of metal ions,inorganic anions,small biomolecules,proteins,nucleic acids,drug molecules,pH,and temperature.We also summarize the usage of metal NCs in cellular and in vivo targeting and imaging.Finally,we conclude with a brief look at the future challenges and prospects of the development of AuNCs.展开更多
Pathological features of diseases are typically accompanied with certain upregulated biomarkers,such as ions,nucleic acids,small molecules and proteins.Highly sensitive detecting tools with acceptable compatibility ar...Pathological features of diseases are typically accompanied with certain upregulated biomarkers,such as ions,nucleic acids,small molecules and proteins.Highly sensitive detecting tools with acceptable compatibility are of paramount importance for the precise diagnose of diseases.However,the sensitivity,accuracy and biosafety of probes still remain a challenge,which persuade researchers to explore more applicable materials and platforms to address these issues.展开更多
Herein,the nanoscaled ATP-responsive upconversion metal-organic frameworks(UCMOFs)are aqueousphase synthesized for co-delivery of therapeutic protein cytochrome c(Cyt c)and chemodrugs doxorubicin(DOX),achieving target...Herein,the nanoscaled ATP-responsive upconversion metal-organic frameworks(UCMOFs)are aqueousphase synthesized for co-delivery of therapeutic protein cytochrome c(Cyt c)and chemodrugs doxorubicin(DOX),achieving targeted combinational therapy of human cervical cancer.The UCMOFs are rationally fabricated by growing ZIF-90 on mesoporous silica-coated upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs),in which the ZIF-90 layer attenuates the upconversion luminescence(UCL)and the rigid frameworks increase the stability of encapsulated proteins.Once the UCMOF@DOX/Cyt c are internalized into HeLa cells via specific recognition of sgc8 aptamers,the intracellular ATP triggers the dissolution of ZIF-90 into Zn^(2+),which facilitates not only the release of Cyt c and DOX but also the restoration of UCL for real-time monitoring of drug release.It has been demonstrated that the therapeutic efficacy is greatly improved by the combination of caspase-mediated apoptosis activated by Cyt c(protein therapeutics),DNA fragmentation induced by DOX(chemotherapy),and Zn;-promoted generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)(oxidative stress).Overall,our proposed multifunctional UCMOFs provide an effective platform for targeted combinational cancer therapy and in situ imaging,which hold great promise in biomedical and clinical applications.展开更多
Adipose tissue is a highly specialized connective tissue that typically contributes to 10%-29%of body weight in an adult[1].Fat cells,including white adipocytes responsible for lipid storage and brown and beige adipoc...Adipose tissue is a highly specialized connective tissue that typically contributes to 10%-29%of body weight in an adult[1].Fat cells,including white adipocytes responsible for lipid storage and brown and beige adipocyte responsible for thermogenesis,play important roles in systemic lipid metabolism and energy supply.展开更多
Electrochemical oxygen reduced reaction(ORR)is a critical element in clean energy development.Despite efforts to enhance gas transfer to the reaction interface,the low solubility of O_(2)molecules and slow diffusion r...Electrochemical oxygen reduced reaction(ORR)is a critical element in clean energy development.Despite efforts to enhance gas transfer to the reaction interface,the low solubility of O_(2)molecules and slow diffusion rate in liquid electrolyte is still a significant challenge.Herein,we design an artificial outer membrane on microalgal cells,which consists of a carbon dots/bilirubin oxidase(CDs/BOD)ORR catalyst layer and a L-cystine/Au nanoporous O_(2)supply layer.O_(2)generated by photosynthesis from microalgal cells then can be directly transported to the CDs/BOD catalytic interfaces,overcoming the sluggish gas transfer in the electrolyte.Thus,the cathode constructed by the fabricated microalgal cells realizes an ORR current density of 655.2μA/cm^(2) with fast ORR kinetics,which is 2.68 times higher than that of a BOD cathode fed with pure O_(2).A membrane-less glucose/O_(2)biofuel cell is further developed using the hybrid artificial cells as the cathode,and the power density is 2.39 times higher than that of a BOD cathode biofuel cell in O_(2)saturated solution.This biomimetic design supplies O_(2)directly to the carbon dots/BOD catalyst layer from the microalgae membrane through a nanoporous L-cys/Au layer,providing an alternative solution for the transfer barrier of O_(2)in the electrolyte.展开更多
Telomerase plays an essential role in many biological processes.DNA methylation regulates the expression of many genes,including telomerase.Here,we propose a deformable satellite nanocapsule fluorescein isothiocyanate...Telomerase plays an essential role in many biological processes.DNA methylation regulates the expression of many genes,including telomerase.Here,we propose a deformable satellite nanocapsule fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-hollowbowl mesoporous organicsilica@gold nanoparticles-methyl-CpG-binding protein 2(MECP 2)-silver nanoclusters(FHBMO@AMA),for simultaneous quantitative detection of both cytoplasmic telomerase activity and the degree of DNA methylation.This strategy enabled spatial-based detection in cells.The total cytoplasmic telomerase activity was detected by fluorescence energy resonance transfer(FRET)between FHBMO and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs),while the DNA methylation in the nucleus was detected by enhanced fluorescence of silver nanoclusters(Ag NCs).Furthermore,FHBMO@AMA could intuitively distinguish between the differences in telomerase expression in cells during the DNA synthesis period at the mitotic phase(S/M)of the cell cycle.Interestingly,the ratio of the two detections(telomerase activity/DNA methylation)significantly correlated with the efficacy of anticancer drugs.At the same time,there was no apparent linear relationship between any single detection target and the efficacy of the anticancer drugs.Therefore,based on the relationship between telomerase activity and DNA methylation,our newly developed approach serves as new and feasible method for evaluating the efficacy of anticancer drugs,thereby,extending the technology toolbox for precision in medical and pharmaceutical analysis of drug potency.展开更多
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is among the most widely applied analytical techniques due to its easy execution and extreme sensitivity.Target molecules can be detected and distinguished based upon the fingerp...Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is among the most widely applied analytical techniques due to its easy execution and extreme sensitivity.Target molecules can be detected and distinguished based upon the fingerprint spectra that arise when absorbed on the SERS substrates surface,particularly on the SERS-active hotspots.Thus,rational fabricating the enhancing substrates plays a key role in broadening SERS application.Programmable DNA functionalized plasmonic nanoassemblies,where DNA acts as both structure basis and functional unit,combine the specificity of DNA recognition,and modulate the assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles(NPs).Specifically designed DNA not only improves the selectivity to target molecules but also promotes the sensitivity of the optical signals through precisely regulating the distance between the molecule and the substrate.A variety of DNA-functionalized SERS sensors have been reported and obtained well performance in the analysis of heavy metal ions in water,toxins,pesticide residues,antibiotics,hormones,illicit drugs,or other small molecules.This review places an emphasis on the design and sensing strategies of the DNA-functionalized plasmonic nanoassemblies,as well as basic principles of Raman enhancement,and recent advances for environmental analysis.The current challenges and potential trends in the development of DNAfunctionalized SERS sensors for environmental pollutant monitoring in complicated scenarios are subsequently discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (project number 31861133008)financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation, DFG, project number 410768178)
文摘Lipids may play an important role in preventing gas embolisms by coating nanobubbles in xylem sap.Few studies on xylem sap lipids have been reported for temperate plants,and it remain unclear whether sap lipids have adaptational significance in tropical plants.In this study,we quantify the lipid composition of xylem sap for angiosperm species from a tropical savanna(seven species)and a seasonal rainforest(five species)using mass spectrometry.We found that all twelve species studied contained lipids in their xylem sap,including galactolipids,phospholipids and triacylglycerol,with a total lipid concentration ranging from 0.09 to 0.26 nmol/L.There was no difference in lipid concentration or composition between plants from the two sites,and the lipid concentration was negatively related to species’open vessel volume.Furthermore,savanna species showed little variation in lipid composition between the dry and the rainy season.These results support the hypothesis that xylem sap lipids are derived from the cytoplasm of individual conduit cells,remain trapped inside individual conduits,and undergo few changes in composition over consecutive seasons.A xylem sap lipidomic data set,which includes 12 tropical tree species from this study and 11 temperate tree species from literature,revealed no phylogenetic signals in lipid composition for these species.This study fills a knowledge gap in the lipid content of xylem sap in tropical trees and provides additional support for their common distribution in xylem sap of woody angiosperms.It appears that xylem sap lipids have no adaptive significance.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants nos.22122405,22174061,and 21974065)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant no.BK20200059)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant no.2020B1515120026)the Funds for Central Guided Regional Science and Technology Development(grant no.2021Szvup058)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.020514380307).
文摘Metal nanomaterials can facilitate microbial extracellular electron transfer(EET)in the electrochemically active biofilm.However,the role of nanomaterials/bacteria interaction in this process is still unclear.Here,we reported the single-cell voltammetric imaging of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 at the single-cell level to elucidate the metal-enhanced EET mechanism in vivo by the Fermi level-responsive graphene electrode.Quantified oxidation currents of~20 fA were observed from single native cells and gold nanoparticle(AuNP)-coated cells in linear sweep voltammetry analysis.On the contrary,the oxidation potential was reduced by up to 100 mV after AuNP modification.It revealed the mechanism of AuNP-catalyzed direct EET decreasing the oxidation barrier between the outer membrane cytochromes and the electrode.Our method offered a promising strategy to understand the nanomaterials/bacteria interaction and guide the rational construction of EET-related microbial fuel cells.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 22374125,21834004,22174061,22076161,22176086,and 22025403)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant number BK20210189)+4 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse(grant number PCRR-ZZ-202106)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science(grant number SKLACLS2201)Yangzhou University Interdisciplinary Research Foundation for Chemistry Discipline of Targeted Support(grant number yzuxk202009)Fund for Jiangsu Distinguished Professor and Yangzhou University Start-up Fund,Lvyangjinfeng Talent Program of Yangzhou,Young academic leaders of Jiangsu Province(2018)Talent Support Program of Yangzhou University,and The Open Project Program of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis(no.R2013).
文摘Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has established itself as an excellent transduction technique in biosensing and light-emitting device, while conventional ECL mechanism depending on spontaneous emission of luminophores lacks reversibility and tunable emission characters, limiting the universality of ECL technique in the fields of fundamental research and clinical applications. Here, we report the first observation of stimulated emission route in ECL and thus establish a reversible tuning ECL microscopy for single-cell imaging. This microscopy uses a focused red-shifted beam to transfer spontaneous ECL into stimulated ECL, which enables selective and reversible tuning of ECL emission from homogeneous solution, single particles, and single cells. After excluding other possible competitive routes, the stimulated ECL emission route is confirmed by a dual-objective system in which the suppressed spontaneous ECL is accompanied by the enhanced stimulated ECL. By incorporating a commercial donut-shaped beam, the sharpness of single-cell matrix adhesion is improved 2 to 3 times compared with the counterpart in confocal ECL mode. The successful establishment of this stimulated emission ECL will greatly advance the development of light-emitting device and super-resolution ECL microscopy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21834004 and 21904063)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190279)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(021314380151)
文摘Sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes,such as proteins,genes,small molecules,ions,cells,etc.,has been a significant project in life science.Signal amplification is one of the most effective approaches to improve the sensitivity of bioanalysis.Taking advantage of specific base pairing,programmable operation,and predictable assembly,DNA is flexible and suitable to perform the signal amplification procedure.In recent years,signal amplification strategies by means of DNA technology have been widely integrated into the construction of electrochemiluminescence(ECL)biosensors,achieving desirable analytical performance in clinical diagnosis,biomedical research,and drug development.To the best of our knowledge,these DNA signal amplification technologies mainly include classical polymerase chain reaction,and various amplification approaches conducted under mild conditions,such as rolling circle amplification(RCA)or hyperbranched RCA,cleaving enzyme-assisted amplification,DNAzyme-involved amplification,toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement amplification without enzyme participation,and so on.This review overviews the recent advancements of DNA signal amplification strategies for bioanalysis in the ECL realm,sketching the creative trajectory from strategies design to ultrasensitive ECL platform construction and resulting applications.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21834004)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs(2021)Jiangsu Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Program(KYCX22_1276).
文摘Comprehensive Summary,With the rapid development in the field of biomedical diagnosis and treatment,carbon dots(CDs)with favorable photostability,biocompatibility and high quantum yields for deep-red to near-infrared emission have attracted the attention of a majority of researchers.By enlarging the sp2 domain in the core of CDs,doping them with heteroatoms like nitrogen and sulfur,applying hydrothermal,electrochemical,or microwave-assisted techniques,CDs can be made with the aforementioned photoemission capabilities.In view of these excellent properties,CDs are flourishing in biosensing and biomedical applications,so that a thorough description and discussion of this topic is beneficial to capture the up-to-date progress of CDs in this field,providing suggestions and considerations for readers.
基金We greatly appreciate the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 21475057, 21335004,） and the Program B tbr Outstanding PhD Candidates of Nanjing University. This work was also supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （No. NCET-12-0256）.
文摘The preparation of highly active electrocatalysts with good durability and low cost for fuel cells is highly desir- able but still remains a significant challenge. Here we synthesized two dimensional （2D） C3N4 nanosheets supported palladium composites （C3N4/Pd） via a simple and convenient sonochemical approach. We have systematically stud- ied the electrocatalytic performance of as-prepared catalysts. We found that the prepared C3N4/Pd composites pos- sessed excellent catalytic activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） in alkaline media. Encourag- ingly, the C3N4/Pd catalysts exhibit the excellent electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction （MOR） in alkaline media, even better than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst, The excellent electrocatalytic performance of the 2D C3N4 nanosheets supported palladium composites catalysts results from their synergy effect between the ul- trathin substrate material with large surface area and excellent dispersion of palladium nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that sonochemical method opens up a new avenue for the preparation of electrocatalysts for fuel cells. We expect these materials are likely to find uses in a broad range of applications, for example, fuel cells, solar cells, batteries and other electrochemical analysis.
基金We gratefully appreciate the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21427807,21335004,and 21405078).
文摘Fluorescent gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)have recently emerged as a novel kind of promising fluorescent probes for high-performance sensors and bioimaging because of their ultrasmall size(\3 nm),strong luminescence,good photostability,and excellent biocompatibility.Over the past decade,we have witnessed growing popularity of AuNCs in analytical applications and enormous efforts have been devoted to their development.In this review,we provide an update on recent advances in the development of AuNCs in terms of physicochemical properties,synthesis strategies,and bioapplications.The optical,electrochemical,catalytical,and solvatochromic properties of AuNCs are first summarized,which are followed by different ligands or template-assisted controllable synthetic methods.Afterwards functionalization of AuNCs is described in terms of ligand exchange,bioconjugation,and noncovalent interaction.We then focus on the applications of AuNCs as fluorescent probes for detection of metal ions,inorganic anions,small biomolecules,proteins,nucleic acids,drug molecules,pH,and temperature.We also summarize the usage of metal NCs in cellular and in vivo targeting and imaging.Finally,we conclude with a brief look at the future challenges and prospects of the development of AuNCs.
文摘Pathological features of diseases are typically accompanied with certain upregulated biomarkers,such as ions,nucleic acids,small molecules and proteins.Highly sensitive detecting tools with acceptable compatibility are of paramount importance for the precise diagnose of diseases.However,the sensitivity,accuracy and biosafety of probes still remain a challenge,which persuade researchers to explore more applicable materials and platforms to address these issues.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21834004 and 22076087)the Special Funds of the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn20161028)+2 种基金the Natural Science Outstanding Youth Fund of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020JQ08)the Youth Innovation Technology Program of Shandong Province(No.2019KJC029)the Program B for Outstanding PhD Candidate of Nanjing University(No.201902B069)。
文摘Herein,the nanoscaled ATP-responsive upconversion metal-organic frameworks(UCMOFs)are aqueousphase synthesized for co-delivery of therapeutic protein cytochrome c(Cyt c)and chemodrugs doxorubicin(DOX),achieving targeted combinational therapy of human cervical cancer.The UCMOFs are rationally fabricated by growing ZIF-90 on mesoporous silica-coated upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs),in which the ZIF-90 layer attenuates the upconversion luminescence(UCL)and the rigid frameworks increase the stability of encapsulated proteins.Once the UCMOF@DOX/Cyt c are internalized into HeLa cells via specific recognition of sgc8 aptamers,the intracellular ATP triggers the dissolution of ZIF-90 into Zn^(2+),which facilitates not only the release of Cyt c and DOX but also the restoration of UCL for real-time monitoring of drug release.It has been demonstrated that the therapeutic efficacy is greatly improved by the combination of caspase-mediated apoptosis activated by Cyt c(protein therapeutics),DNA fragmentation induced by DOX(chemotherapy),and Zn;-promoted generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)(oxidative stress).Overall,our proposed multifunctional UCMOFs provide an effective platform for targeted combinational cancer therapy and in situ imaging,which hold great promise in biomedical and clinical applications.
基金support from the Start-Up Packages of UCLAthe Pilot Grant from Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLAChina Scholarship Council(China)。
文摘Adipose tissue is a highly specialized connective tissue that typically contributes to 10%-29%of body weight in an adult[1].Fat cells,including white adipocytes responsible for lipid storage and brown and beige adipocyte responsible for thermogenesis,play important roles in systemic lipid metabolism and energy supply.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21834004,52100014).
文摘Electrochemical oxygen reduced reaction(ORR)is a critical element in clean energy development.Despite efforts to enhance gas transfer to the reaction interface,the low solubility of O_(2)molecules and slow diffusion rate in liquid electrolyte is still a significant challenge.Herein,we design an artificial outer membrane on microalgal cells,which consists of a carbon dots/bilirubin oxidase(CDs/BOD)ORR catalyst layer and a L-cystine/Au nanoporous O_(2)supply layer.O_(2)generated by photosynthesis from microalgal cells then can be directly transported to the CDs/BOD catalytic interfaces,overcoming the sluggish gas transfer in the electrolyte.Thus,the cathode constructed by the fabricated microalgal cells realizes an ORR current density of 655.2μA/cm^(2) with fast ORR kinetics,which is 2.68 times higher than that of a BOD cathode fed with pure O_(2).A membrane-less glucose/O_(2)biofuel cell is further developed using the hybrid artificial cells as the cathode,and the power density is 2.39 times higher than that of a BOD cathode biofuel cell in O_(2)saturated solution.This biomimetic design supplies O_(2)directly to the carbon dots/BOD catalyst layer from the microalgae membrane through a nanoporous L-cys/Au layer,providing an alternative solution for the transfer barrier of O_(2)in the electrolyte.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21834004 and 21904063)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(no.BK20190279).
文摘Telomerase plays an essential role in many biological processes.DNA methylation regulates the expression of many genes,including telomerase.Here,we propose a deformable satellite nanocapsule fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-hollowbowl mesoporous organicsilica@gold nanoparticles-methyl-CpG-binding protein 2(MECP 2)-silver nanoclusters(FHBMO@AMA),for simultaneous quantitative detection of both cytoplasmic telomerase activity and the degree of DNA methylation.This strategy enabled spatial-based detection in cells.The total cytoplasmic telomerase activity was detected by fluorescence energy resonance transfer(FRET)between FHBMO and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs),while the DNA methylation in the nucleus was detected by enhanced fluorescence of silver nanoclusters(Ag NCs).Furthermore,FHBMO@AMA could intuitively distinguish between the differences in telomerase expression in cells during the DNA synthesis period at the mitotic phase(S/M)of the cell cycle.Interestingly,the ratio of the two detections(telomerase activity/DNA methylation)significantly correlated with the efficacy of anticancer drugs.At the same time,there was no apparent linear relationship between any single detection target and the efficacy of the anticancer drugs.Therefore,based on the relationship between telomerase activity and DNA methylation,our newly developed approach serves as new and feasible method for evaluating the efficacy of anticancer drugs,thereby,extending the technology toolbox for precision in medical and pharmaceutical analysis of drug potency.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:22004065China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2019TQ0141,2020M671427+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2020B1515120026Funds for Central Guided Regional Science and Technology Development,Grant/Award Number:2021Szvup058。
文摘Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is among the most widely applied analytical techniques due to its easy execution and extreme sensitivity.Target molecules can be detected and distinguished based upon the fingerprint spectra that arise when absorbed on the SERS substrates surface,particularly on the SERS-active hotspots.Thus,rational fabricating the enhancing substrates plays a key role in broadening SERS application.Programmable DNA functionalized plasmonic nanoassemblies,where DNA acts as both structure basis and functional unit,combine the specificity of DNA recognition,and modulate the assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles(NPs).Specifically designed DNA not only improves the selectivity to target molecules but also promotes the sensitivity of the optical signals through precisely regulating the distance between the molecule and the substrate.A variety of DNA-functionalized SERS sensors have been reported and obtained well performance in the analysis of heavy metal ions in water,toxins,pesticide residues,antibiotics,hormones,illicit drugs,or other small molecules.This review places an emphasis on the design and sensing strategies of the DNA-functionalized plasmonic nanoassemblies,as well as basic principles of Raman enhancement,and recent advances for environmental analysis.The current challenges and potential trends in the development of DNAfunctionalized SERS sensors for environmental pollutant monitoring in complicated scenarios are subsequently discussed.
