Nanomaterials are one of the research and development hotspots in the field of cutting-edge new materials,and also an important strategic emerging industry.Magnetic nanomaterials have broad application prospects in fi...Nanomaterials are one of the research and development hotspots in the field of cutting-edge new materials,and also an important strategic emerging industry.Magnetic nanomaterials have broad application prospects in fields such as chemical engineering,new materials,electronic information,and biomedicine.This article introduces the application progress and preparation methods of magnetic nanomaterials,and puts forward suggestions for further optimizing the preparation process of magnetic nanomaterials and developing new magnetic materials with better performance.展开更多
Purpose–This study aims to solve the problem of weld quality inspection,for the aluminum alloy profile welding structure of high-speed train body has complex internal shape and thin plate thickness(2–4 mm),the conve...Purpose–This study aims to solve the problem of weld quality inspection,for the aluminum alloy profile welding structure of high-speed train body has complex internal shape and thin plate thickness(2–4 mm),the conventional nondestructive testing method of weld quality is difficult to implement.Design/methodology/approach–In order to solve this problem,the ultrasonic creeping wave detection technology was proposed.The impact of the profile structure on the creeping wave detection was studied by designing profile structural test blocks and artificial simulation defect test blocks.The detection technology was used to test the actual welded test blocks,and compared with the results of X-ray test and destructive test(tensile test)to verify the accuracy of the ultrasonic creeping wave test results.Findings–It is indicated that that X-ray has better effect on the inspection of porosities and incomplete penetration defects.However,due to special detection method and protection,the detection speed is slow,which cannot meet the requirements of field inspection of the welding structure of aluminum alloy thin-walled profile for high-speed train body.It can be used as an auxiliary detection method for a small number of sampling inspection.The ultrasonic creeping wave can be used to detect the incomplete penetration welds with the equivalent of 0.25 mm or more,the results of creeping wave detection correspond well with the actual incomplete penetration defects.Originality/value–The results show that creeping wave detection results correspond well with the actual non-penetration defects and can be used for welding quality inspection of aluminum alloy thin-wall profile composite welding joints.It is recommended to use the echo amplitude of the 10 mm 30.2 mm 30.5 mm notch as the criterion for weld qualification.展开更多
Alternative splicing is a tightly regulated process that contributes to cancer development.CRNDE is a long noncoding RNA with alternative splicing and is implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers.However,wheth...Alternative splicing is a tightly regulated process that contributes to cancer development.CRNDE is a long noncoding RNA with alternative splicing and is implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers.However,whether deregulated expression of CRNDE is common and which isoforms are mainly involved in cancers remain unclear.In this study,we report that CRNDE is aberrantly expressed in the majority of solid and hematopoietic malignancies.The investigation of CRNDE expression in normal samples revealed that CRNDE was expressed in a tissue- and cell-specific manner.Further comparison of CRNDE expression in 2938 patient samples from 15 solid and hematopoietic tumors showed that CRNDE was significantly overexpressed in 11 malignancies,including 3 reported and 8 unreported,and also implicated that the overexpressed isoforms differed in various cancer types.Furthermore,anti-cancer drugs could efficiently repress CRNDE overexpression in cancer cell lines and primary samples,and even had different impacts on the expression of CRNDE isoforms.Finally,experimental profiles of 12 alternatively spliced isoforms demonstrated that the spliced variant CRNDE-g was the most highly expressed isoform in multiple cancer types.Collectively,our results emphasize the cancer-associated feature of CRNDE and its spliced isoforms,and may provide promising targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
Inappropriate cell proliferation during oncogenesis is often accompanied by inactivation of components involved in the cell cycle machinery. Here, we report that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C （CDKN2C） as a me...Inappropriate cell proliferation during oncogenesis is often accompanied by inactivation of components involved in the cell cycle machinery. Here, we report that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C （CDKN2C） as a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors is a target of the PML/RARα oncofusion protein in leukemogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia （APL）. We found that CDKN2C was markedly downregulated in APL blasts compared with normal promyelocytes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that PML/RARα directly bound to the CDKN2C promoter in the APL patient-derived cell line NB4. Luciferase assays indicated that PML/RARα inhibited the CDKN2C promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, all-trans retinoic acid treatment induced CDKN2C expression by releasing the PML/RARα binding on chromatin in NB4 cells. Functional studies showed that ectopic expression of CDKN2C induced a cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and a partial differentiation in NB4 cells. Finally, the transcriptional regulation of CDKN2C was validated in primary APL patient samples. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of CDKN2C inactivation in the abnormal cell cycle progression and differentiation block of APL cells and may provide new insights into the study of pathogenesis and targeted therapy of APL.展开更多
Changes in the abundance and activity of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have an important impact on the development of cancer.The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1(NEAT1)has been reported to be overexpressed in ...Changes in the abundance and activity of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have an important impact on the development of cancer.The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1(NEAT1)has been reported to be overexpressed in many types of cancer since its discovery.However,inconsistencies exist as NEAT1 can also function as a tumor suppressor in certain types of cancer,such as acute promyelocytic leukemia.Here we systematically describe our current understanding of NEAT1 in tumor initiation and progression.First,we analyzed the expression patterns of NEAT1 in various normal tissues and malignant cancers using data from public data portals,the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project(GTEx)and the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),together with recent progress in the study of NEAT1 in various types of cancer.Second,we discussed the functions and mechanisms of NEAT1 in modulating tumor activity.Then,the upstream transcription factors and downstream microRNA targets of NEAT1 in the transcription cascade of cancers were also summarized.These data highlight the emerging role of NEAT1 in tumorigenesis,and present promising targetable pathways and clinical opportunities for tumor prevention and classifications.展开更多
Runt-related transcription factor 1(RUNX1)is an essential regulator of normal hematopoiesis.Its dysfunction,caused by either fusions or mutations,is frequently reported in acute myeloid leukemia(AML).However,RUNX1 mut...Runt-related transcription factor 1(RUNX1)is an essential regulator of normal hematopoiesis.Its dysfunction,caused by either fusions or mutations,is frequently reported in acute myeloid leukemia(AML).However,RUNX1 mutations have been largely under-explored compared with RUNX1 fusions mainly due to their elusive genetic characteristics.Here,based on 1741 patients with AML,we report a unique expression pattern associated with RUNX1 mutations in AML.This expression pattern was coordinated by target repression and promoter hypermethylation.We first reanalyzed a joint AML cohort that consisted of three public cohorts and found that RUNX1 mutations were mainly distributed in the Runt domain and almost mutually exclusive with NPM1 mutations.Then,based on RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas AML cohort,we developed a 300-gene signature that significantly distinguished the patients with RUNX1 mutations from those with other AML subtypes.Furthermore,we explored the mechanisms underlying this signature from the transcriptional and epigenetic levels.Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data,we found that RUNX1 target genes tended to be repressed in patients with RUNX1 mutations.Through the integration of DNA methylation array data,we illustrated that hypermethylation on the promoter regions of RUNX1-regulated genes also contributed to dysregulation in RUNX1-mutated AML.This study revealed the distinct gene expression pattern of RUNX1 mutations and the underlying mechanisms in AML development.展开更多
文摘Nanomaterials are one of the research and development hotspots in the field of cutting-edge new materials,and also an important strategic emerging industry.Magnetic nanomaterials have broad application prospects in fields such as chemical engineering,new materials,electronic information,and biomedicine.This article introduces the application progress and preparation methods of magnetic nanomaterials,and puts forward suggestions for further optimizing the preparation process of magnetic nanomaterials and developing new magnetic materials with better performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51705470).
文摘Purpose–This study aims to solve the problem of weld quality inspection,for the aluminum alloy profile welding structure of high-speed train body has complex internal shape and thin plate thickness(2–4 mm),the conventional nondestructive testing method of weld quality is difficult to implement.Design/methodology/approach–In order to solve this problem,the ultrasonic creeping wave detection technology was proposed.The impact of the profile structure on the creeping wave detection was studied by designing profile structural test blocks and artificial simulation defect test blocks.The detection technology was used to test the actual welded test blocks,and compared with the results of X-ray test and destructive test(tensile test)to verify the accuracy of the ultrasonic creeping wave test results.Findings–It is indicated that that X-ray has better effect on the inspection of porosities and incomplete penetration defects.However,due to special detection method and protection,the detection speed is slow,which cannot meet the requirements of field inspection of the welding structure of aluminum alloy thin-walled profile for high-speed train body.It can be used as an auxiliary detection method for a small number of sampling inspection.The ultrasonic creeping wave can be used to detect the incomplete penetration welds with the equivalent of 0.25 mm or more,the results of creeping wave detection correspond well with the actual incomplete penetration defects.Originality/value–The results show that creeping wave detection results correspond well with the actual non-penetration defects and can be used for welding quality inspection of aluminum alloy thin-wall profile composite welding joints.It is recommended to use the echo amplitude of the 10 mm 30.2 mm 30.5 mm notch as the criterion for weld qualification.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81530003,81300403,81770153 and 91440114)The National Key Research and Development Program (No.2016YFC0902800)+1 种基金Shanghai Leading Talent Projects (No.2015008)the Academic Leader Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (No.2015137).
文摘Alternative splicing is a tightly regulated process that contributes to cancer development.CRNDE is a long noncoding RNA with alternative splicing and is implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers.However,whether deregulated expression of CRNDE is common and which isoforms are mainly involved in cancers remain unclear.In this study,we report that CRNDE is aberrantly expressed in the majority of solid and hematopoietic malignancies.The investigation of CRNDE expression in normal samples revealed that CRNDE was expressed in a tissue- and cell-specific manner.Further comparison of CRNDE expression in 2938 patient samples from 15 solid and hematopoietic tumors showed that CRNDE was significantly overexpressed in 11 malignancies,including 3 reported and 8 unreported,and also implicated that the overexpressed isoforms differed in various cancer types.Furthermore,anti-cancer drugs could efficiently repress CRNDE overexpression in cancer cell lines and primary samples,and even had different impacts on the expression of CRNDE isoforms.Finally,experimental profiles of 12 alternatively spliced isoforms demonstrated that the spliced variant CRNDE-g was the most highly expressed isoform in multiple cancer types.Collectively,our results emphasize the cancer-associated feature of CRNDE and its spliced isoforms,and may provide promising targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
基金This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 81270625, 81530003, 91440114, and 81300403）, Shanghai Leading Talent Projects （No. 2015008）, and the Academic Leader Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee （No. 2015137）.
文摘Inappropriate cell proliferation during oncogenesis is often accompanied by inactivation of components involved in the cell cycle machinery. Here, we report that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C （CDKN2C） as a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors is a target of the PML/RARα oncofusion protein in leukemogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia （APL）. We found that CDKN2C was markedly downregulated in APL blasts compared with normal promyelocytes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that PML/RARα directly bound to the CDKN2C promoter in the APL patient-derived cell line NB4. Luciferase assays indicated that PML/RARα inhibited the CDKN2C promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, all-trans retinoic acid treatment induced CDKN2C expression by releasing the PML/RARα binding on chromatin in NB4 cells. Functional studies showed that ectopic expression of CDKN2C induced a cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and a partial differentiation in NB4 cells. Finally, the transcriptional regulation of CDKN2C was validated in primary APL patient samples. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of CDKN2C inactivation in the abnormal cell cycle progression and differentiation block of APL cells and may provide new insights into the study of pathogenesis and targeted therapy of APL.
基金This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation Grants of China(81530003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M611580).
文摘Changes in the abundance and activity of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have an important impact on the development of cancer.The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1(NEAT1)has been reported to be overexpressed in many types of cancer since its discovery.However,inconsistencies exist as NEAT1 can also function as a tumor suppressor in certain types of cancer,such as acute promyelocytic leukemia.Here we systematically describe our current understanding of NEAT1 in tumor initiation and progression.First,we analyzed the expression patterns of NEAT1 in various normal tissues and malignant cancers using data from public data portals,the Genotype-Tissue Expression Project(GTEx)and the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),together with recent progress in the study of NEAT1 in various types of cancer.Second,we discussed the functions and mechanisms of NEAT1 in modulating tumor activity.Then,the upstream transcription factors and downstream microRNA targets of NEAT1 in the transcription cascade of cancers were also summarized.These data highlight the emerging role of NEAT1 in tumorigenesis,and present promising targetable pathways and clinical opportunities for tumor prevention and classifications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81890994,81770153,81530003,and 81911530240)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0905900).
文摘Runt-related transcription factor 1(RUNX1)is an essential regulator of normal hematopoiesis.Its dysfunction,caused by either fusions or mutations,is frequently reported in acute myeloid leukemia(AML).However,RUNX1 mutations have been largely under-explored compared with RUNX1 fusions mainly due to their elusive genetic characteristics.Here,based on 1741 patients with AML,we report a unique expression pattern associated with RUNX1 mutations in AML.This expression pattern was coordinated by target repression and promoter hypermethylation.We first reanalyzed a joint AML cohort that consisted of three public cohorts and found that RUNX1 mutations were mainly distributed in the Runt domain and almost mutually exclusive with NPM1 mutations.Then,based on RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas AML cohort,we developed a 300-gene signature that significantly distinguished the patients with RUNX1 mutations from those with other AML subtypes.Furthermore,we explored the mechanisms underlying this signature from the transcriptional and epigenetic levels.Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data,we found that RUNX1 target genes tended to be repressed in patients with RUNX1 mutations.Through the integration of DNA methylation array data,we illustrated that hypermethylation on the promoter regions of RUNX1-regulated genes also contributed to dysregulation in RUNX1-mutated AML.This study revealed the distinct gene expression pattern of RUNX1 mutations and the underlying mechanisms in AML development.
