Objective: To investigate the synergistic effect between rhein(RHE) and oxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at the gene level. Method: A minimum inhibitory concentration and checkerboard dilution test were c...Objective: To investigate the synergistic effect between rhein(RHE) and oxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at the gene level. Method: A minimum inhibitory concentration and checkerboard dilution test were conducted to evaluate antibacterial activity. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was conducted to investigate the gene expressions. Results: RHE exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5-250.0 μg/mL against various MRSA strains and the reference strain, respectively. As revealed by the checkerboard assay, a combination of RHE and oxacillin exhibited synergistic or partially synergistic effects against MRSA strains. RHE decreased the expressions of mecA/blaZ in a dose-dependent manner. RHE also decreased the expressions of the regulator genes mecI/blaI and mecR1/blaR1. Conclusions: We suggest that RHE affects the activity of mecR1/blaR1, which is located in the cell membrane of MRSA and results in the suppression of mecA/mecI/mecR1 and blaZ/blaI/blaR1 gene expressions.展开更多
In this study,a CO_(2) capture material in the form of liquid-like adsorbents(LLAs) is developed to overcome the limitations of conventional types of adsorbents.The increase in indoor activities necessitates the captu...In this study,a CO_(2) capture material in the form of liquid-like adsorbents(LLAs) is developed to overcome the limitations of conventional types of adsorbents.The increase in indoor activities necessitates the capture of CO_(2) in enclosed indoor spaces.Indoor spaces require safe and stable materials for CO_(2) capture because humans are present in these spaces.Solid adsorbents are mainly used because liquid absorbents are unsuitable owing to noise and scattering problems.In LLA,the liquid absorbent assembled by carbon nanotubes(CNTs) is solidified and prevented from flowing and scattering indoor.LLAs present to maintain 95% of initial capacity after recycling 20 times,and have characteristics that can be regenerated in a low temperature heat source(80 to 120℃) and moisture resistance.This work not only provides indoor useable CO_(2) capture materials,but also offers a new prospect in the field of adsorbents.展开更多
Statistical classification methods are frequently applied to analyze metabolomics data, especially from medicinal plants. Combined with variable selection techniques, we are able to identify marker candidates, which c...Statistical classification methods are frequently applied to analyze metabolomics data, especially from medicinal plants. Combined with variable selection techniques, we are able to identify marker candidates, which can be used to discriminate the group to which unknown subjects belong. After preprocessing, such as outlier checking, normalization, missing value imputation and transformation, we then mainly utilized four novel classification methods： RF （random forest）, NSC （nearest shrunken centroid）, PLS-DA （partial least square discriminant analysis） and SAM （significant analysis ofmicroarrays）. Each method has its own device to measure the importance of single metabolite, so that, it is probable to choose highly ranked metabolites, which show the best prediction accuracy. Adapting above strategy, we have successfully analyzed several kinds of metabolomics data including Panax ginseng, Lespedeza species, Anemarrhean asphodeloides and Gastrodia elata.展开更多
Testicular torsion,a common urologic emergency,is primarily caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)injury of the testis.Nitric oxide (NO)-derived from nitrite (NO2-)has been reported to have prominent therapeutic effects...Testicular torsion,a common urologic emergency,is primarily caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)injury of the testis.Nitric oxide (NO)-derived from nitrite (NO2-)has been reported to have prominent therapeutic effects on I/R injury in the heart,liver,and brain;however,its effects on testicular I/R injury have not been evaluated.This study,therefore,investigated whether NO from NO2^-is beneficial in a rat model of testicular I/R injury which eventually results in impaired spermatogenesis.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to the following seven groups:group A,sham-operated control group;Group B,I/R with no treatment;Groups C, D,and E,I/R followed by treatment with three different doses of NO2^-;Group F,I/R followed by administration of NO2-and NO scavenger (2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide potassium salt [C-PTIO]);and Group G,I/R followed by administration of nitrate (NO3^-).NO2^-,NO3^-,and C-PTIO were intravenously administered.Histological examination of the testes and the western blot analysis of caspase-3 were performed.Levels of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation were measured. Germ cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,antioxidant enzymatic function,and lipid peroxidation in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A.Group B exhibited an abnormal testicular morphology and impaired spermatogenesis.In contrast,testicular damages were attenuated in the NO2^-treatment groups,which were caused by reduction in superoxide and peroxynitrite levels and an inhibition of caspase-3-dependent apoptosis.The results of this study suggest NO2^-to be a promising therapeutic agent with anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties in testicular I/R injury.展开更多
基金carried out with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development(Project No.PJ01191902)" Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea
文摘Objective: To investigate the synergistic effect between rhein(RHE) and oxacillin against Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at the gene level. Method: A minimum inhibitory concentration and checkerboard dilution test were conducted to evaluate antibacterial activity. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was conducted to investigate the gene expressions. Results: RHE exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5-250.0 μg/mL against various MRSA strains and the reference strain, respectively. As revealed by the checkerboard assay, a combination of RHE and oxacillin exhibited synergistic or partially synergistic effects against MRSA strains. RHE decreased the expressions of mecA/blaZ in a dose-dependent manner. RHE also decreased the expressions of the regulator genes mecI/blaI and mecR1/blaR1. Conclusions: We suggest that RHE affects the activity of mecR1/blaR1, which is located in the cell membrane of MRSA and results in the suppression of mecA/mecI/mecR1 and blaZ/blaI/blaR1 gene expressions.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT)(Grant number:2020R1A5A1018153 and No.2020R1A6A3A01095950)。
文摘In this study,a CO_(2) capture material in the form of liquid-like adsorbents(LLAs) is developed to overcome the limitations of conventional types of adsorbents.The increase in indoor activities necessitates the capture of CO_(2) in enclosed indoor spaces.Indoor spaces require safe and stable materials for CO_(2) capture because humans are present in these spaces.Solid adsorbents are mainly used because liquid absorbents are unsuitable owing to noise and scattering problems.In LLA,the liquid absorbent assembled by carbon nanotubes(CNTs) is solidified and prevented from flowing and scattering indoor.LLAs present to maintain 95% of initial capacity after recycling 20 times,and have characteristics that can be regenerated in a low temperature heat source(80 to 120℃) and moisture resistance.This work not only provides indoor useable CO_(2) capture materials,but also offers a new prospect in the field of adsorbents.
文摘Statistical classification methods are frequently applied to analyze metabolomics data, especially from medicinal plants. Combined with variable selection techniques, we are able to identify marker candidates, which can be used to discriminate the group to which unknown subjects belong. After preprocessing, such as outlier checking, normalization, missing value imputation and transformation, we then mainly utilized four novel classification methods： RF （random forest）, NSC （nearest shrunken centroid）, PLS-DA （partial least square discriminant analysis） and SAM （significant analysis ofmicroarrays）. Each method has its own device to measure the importance of single metabolite, so that, it is probable to choose highly ranked metabolites, which show the best prediction accuracy. Adapting above strategy, we have successfully analyzed several kinds of metabolomics data including Panax ginseng, Lespedeza species, Anemarrhean asphodeloides and Gastrodia elata.
文摘Testicular torsion,a common urologic emergency,is primarily caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)injury of the testis.Nitric oxide (NO)-derived from nitrite (NO2-)has been reported to have prominent therapeutic effects on I/R injury in the heart,liver,and brain;however,its effects on testicular I/R injury have not been evaluated.This study,therefore,investigated whether NO from NO2^-is beneficial in a rat model of testicular I/R injury which eventually results in impaired spermatogenesis.Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to the following seven groups:group A,sham-operated control group;Group B,I/R with no treatment;Groups C, D,and E,I/R followed by treatment with three different doses of NO2^-;Group F,I/R followed by administration of NO2-and NO scavenger (2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide potassium salt [C-PTIO]);and Group G,I/R followed by administration of nitrate (NO3^-).NO2^-,NO3^-,and C-PTIO were intravenously administered.Histological examination of the testes and the western blot analysis of caspase-3 were performed.Levels of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation were measured. Germ cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,antioxidant enzymatic function,and lipid peroxidation in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A.Group B exhibited an abnormal testicular morphology and impaired spermatogenesis.In contrast,testicular damages were attenuated in the NO2^-treatment groups,which were caused by reduction in superoxide and peroxynitrite levels and an inhibition of caspase-3-dependent apoptosis.The results of this study suggest NO2^-to be a promising therapeutic agent with anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties in testicular I/R injury.
