The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury.Regulation of shifting microglia ...The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury.Regulation of shifting microglia polarization from M1(neurotoxic and proinflammatory type)to M2(neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory type)after spinal cord injury appears to be crucial.Tryptanthrin possesses an anti-inflammatory biological function.However,its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury remain unknown.In this study,we found that tryptanthrin inhibited microglia-derived inflammation by promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro.Tryptanthrin promoted M2 polarization through inactivating the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway.Additionally,we found that targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway with tryptanthrin shifted microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype after spinal cord injury,inhibited neuronal loss,and promoted tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury.Finally,using a conditional co-culture system,we found that microglia treated with tryptanthrin suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related neuronal apoptosis.Taken together,these results suggest that by targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis,tryptanthrin attenuates microglia-derived neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through shifting microglia polarization to the M2 phenotype.展开更多
Liver transplantation represents a complex surgical procedure and serves as a curative treatment for patients presenting an acute or chronic end-stage liver disease, or carefully selected liver malignancy. A significa...Liver transplantation represents a complex surgical procedure and serves as a curative treatment for patients presenting an acute or chronic end-stage liver disease, or carefully selected liver malignancy. A significant gap still exists between the number of available donor organs and potential recipients. The use of an otherwise-wasted resected liver lobe from patients with benign liver tumors is a new, albeit small, option to alleviate the allograft shortage. This review provides evidence that resected liver lobes may be used successfully in liver transplantation.展开更多
In this paper,the type,vertical evolution,and distribution pattern of sedimentary facies of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression of the North Jiangsu Basin are studied in detail.Results show that fa...In this paper,the type,vertical evolution,and distribution pattern of sedimentary facies of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression of the North Jiangsu Basin are studied in detail.Results show that fan delta,delta,nearshore subaqueous fan,and lacustrine facies developed during the Dainan Formation period and their distribution pattern was mainly controlled by tectonics and paleogeography.The fan delta and nearshore subaqueous fan facies predominantly occur in the southern steep slope region where fault-induced subsidence is thought to have created substantial accommodation,whereas the delta facies are distributed on the northern gentle slope which is thought to have experienced less subsidence.Finally,the lacustrine facies is shown to have developed in the center of the depression,as well as on the flanks of the fan delta,delta,and nearshore subaqueous fan facies.Vertically,the Dainan Formation represents an integrated transgressiveregressive cycle,with the E2d1being the transgressive sequence and the E2d2being the regressive sequence.This distribution model of sedimentary facies plays an important role in predicting favorable reservoir belts for the Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression and similar areas.In the Gaoyou Depression,sandstones of the subaqueous distributary channels in the fan delta and the subaqueous branch channels in the delta are characterized by physical properties favorable for reservoir formation.展开更多
As massive underground projects have become popular in dense urban cities,a problem has arisen:which model predicts the best for Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)performance in these tunneling projects?However,performance le...As massive underground projects have become popular in dense urban cities,a problem has arisen:which model predicts the best for Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)performance in these tunneling projects?However,performance level of TBMs in complex geological conditions is still a great challenge for practitioners and researchers.On the other hand,a reliable and accurate prediction of TBM performance is essential to planning an applicable tunnel construction schedule.The performance of TBM is very difficult to estimate due to various geotechnical and geological factors and machine specifications.The previously-proposed intelligent techniques in this field are mostly based on a single or base model with a low level of accuracy.Hence,this study aims to introduce a hybrid randomforest(RF)technique optimized by global harmony search with generalized oppositionbased learning(GOGHS)for forecasting TBM advance rate(AR).Optimizing the RF hyper-parameters in terms of,e.g.,tree number and maximum tree depth is the main objective of using the GOGHS-RF model.In the modelling of this study,a comprehensive databasewith themost influential parameters onTBMtogetherwithTBM AR were used as input and output variables,respectively.To examine the capability and power of the GOGHSRF model,three more hybrid models of particle swarm optimization-RF,genetic algorithm-RF and artificial bee colony-RF were also constructed to forecast TBM AR.Evaluation of the developed models was performed by calculating several performance indices,including determination coefficient(R2),root-mean-square-error(RMSE),and mean-absolute-percentage-error(MAPE).The results showed that theGOGHS-RF is a more accurate technique for estimatingTBMAR compared to the other applied models.The newly-developedGOGHS-RFmodel enjoyed R2=0.9937 and 0.9844,respectively,for train and test stages,which are higher than a pre-developed RF.Also,the importance of the input parameters was interpreted through the SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)method,and it was found that thrust force per cutter is the most important variable on TBMAR.The GOGHS-RF model can be used in mechanized tunnel projects for predicting and checking performance.展开更多
电化学水分解作为一种生产高纯度氢气的绿色技术,虽然前景广阔,但阳极析氧反应(OER)动力学缓慢,严重制约了其能量转换效率.目前,电化学水分解系统主要以淡水作为原料.然而,大规模使用淡水进行分解无疑会给淡水资源带来沉重负担.相比之下...电化学水分解作为一种生产高纯度氢气的绿色技术,虽然前景广阔,但阳极析氧反应(OER)动力学缓慢,严重制约了其能量转换效率.目前,电化学水分解系统主要以淡水作为原料.然而,大规模使用淡水进行分解无疑会给淡水资源带来沉重负担.相比之下,占水资源总量96%以上的海水,因其丰富的储量,成为替代淡水的理想选择.然而,由于海水中含有大量的氯离子,会引发与OER的竞争性氯析出反应(ClER)形成次氯酸盐(ClO^(–)),导致活性位点失活,严重降低催化剂的活性和稳定性.因此,如何在利用海水进行电化学水分解的同时,有效抑制ClER的发生,是当前亟待解决的科学问题.在最新催化剂研究中,金属有机框架(MOF)凭借其高孔隙率、大比表面积和分散的活性位点,在电化学水分解中展现出良好的性能.然而,MOF的电子导电性和OER反应能垒受限于氧原子p轨道与金属原子d轨道间的电子云重叠.因此,设计MOF活性位点的电子结构,促进自发电子转移,对于提升导电性和OER效率至关重要.界面工程能优化MOF活性位点的电子结构,增强局部电荷再分配,从而提高OER活性.为满足工业高电流密度需求,构建富含缺陷的异质结构是关键,其能暴露更多OER活性位点,优化质量传递,缩短电子迁移路径.结合高导电、可调电子结构的NiS晶体相,构建MOF非晶/NiS晶体异质界面,可调控电子结构并加速电荷转移.目前,关于MOF基非晶/晶异质界面催化剂用于海水氧化的报道尚少,这一方向具有巨大潜力.本文通过两步法耦合策略,成功在泡沫镍基底上制备了NiFe-MOF@NiS异质结构催化剂.首先,利用硫温和改性腐蚀方法在泡沫镍基体生长晶相NiS纳米片;随后,通过电沉积处理在NiS表面生长非晶相NiFe-MOF纳米颗粒.理论计算结果表明,NiFe-MOF和NiS之间的电子相互作用可以加速电荷转移,有效调节金属位点的d带中心,从而优化含氧中间体的吸附能力.与NiFe-MOF和NiS相比,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂对OOH*中间体的吸附能力更为突出,这大大降低了速率决定步骤(O*→OOH*)的反应能垒,为高效催化OER提供了理论支撑.实验结果表明,在1 mol L^(‒1)KOH和碱性海水电解液中,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂仅需要346和355 mV的低过电位,即可驱动500 mA cm^(–2)的大电流密度.Tafel斜率和电化学阻抗谱的结果表明,该催化剂具有较好的OER动力学特征.此外,质量活性和转换频率结果表明,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂展现出良好的本征催化活性.多步恒电流阶梯曲线以及在100和500 mA cm‒2电流密度下的计时电位曲线结果表明,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂具有出色的长期稳定性.通过对在碱性海水电解液OER反应后的NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂进行表征发现,在OER过程中,NiS物种会在阳极电压下自重构形成硫酸盐膜,可以显著抑制Cl–离子在催化剂表面的吸附,使NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂在海水电解质中具有强大的耐腐蚀性.这一特性使得NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂在碱性KOH和碱性海水中均能保持较好的OER活性和稳定性,性能超过了商业RuO_(2)以及大多数报道的其他MOF基的催化剂.综上所述,本文通过简便易行的合成策略,制备了高性能的NiFe-MOF@NiS异质结催化剂,其表现出高效电解海水性能和稳定性.本工作为合理设计高活性、稳定性、选择性的MOF基抗氯腐蚀催化剂以提高碱性海水的OER性能提供了新视角.展开更多
Rock bursts represent a formidable challenge in underground engineering,posing substantial risks to both infrastructure and human safety.These sudden and violent failures of rock masses are characterized by the rapid ...Rock bursts represent a formidable challenge in underground engineering,posing substantial risks to both infrastructure and human safety.These sudden and violent failures of rock masses are characterized by the rapid release of accumulated stress within the rock,leading to severe seismic events and structural damage.Therefore,the development of reliable prediction models for rock bursts is paramount to mitigating these hazards.This study aims to propose a tree-based model—a Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)—to predict the intensity of rock bursts in underground engineering.322 actual rock burst cases are collected to constitute an exhaustive rock burst dataset,which serves to train the LightGBMmodel.Two population-basedmetaheuristic algorithms are used to optimize the hyperparameters of the LightGBM model.Finally,the sensitivity analysis is used to identify the predominant factors that may incur the occurrence of rock bursts.The results show that the population-based metaheuristic algorithms have a good ability to search out the optimal hyperparameters of the LightGBM model.The developed LightGBM model yields promising performance in predicting the intensity of rock bursts,with which accuracy on training and testing sets are 0.972 and 0.944,respectively.The sensitivity analysis discloses that the risk of occurring rock burst is significantly sensitive to three factors:uniaxial compressive strength(σc),stress concentration factor(SCF),and elastic strain energy index(Wet).Moreover,this study clarifies the particular impact of these three factors on the intensity of rock bursts through the partial dependence plot.展开更多
Background Individuals with diabetes have a significantly higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease(CKD)and higher levels of social isolation and loneliness compared with those without diabetes.Recently,the Ame...Background Individuals with diabetes have a significantly higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease(CKD)and higher levels of social isolation and loneliness compared with those without diabetes.Recently,the American Heart Association highlighted the importance of considering social determinants of health(SDOH)in conjunction with traditional risk factors in patients with diabetes.Aims To investigate the associations of loneliness and social isolation with incident CKD risk in patients with diabetes in the UK Biobank.Methods A total of 18972 patients with diabetes were included in this prospective study.Loneliness and Social Isolation Scales were created based on self-reported factors.An adjusted Cox proportional hazard model was used to investigate the associations of loneliness and social isolation with CKD risk among patients with diabetes.The relative importance in predicting CKD was also calculated alongside traditional risk factors.Results During a median follow-up of 10.8 years,1127 incident CKD cases were reported.A higher loneliness scale,but not social isolation,was significantly associated with a 25%higher risk of CKD,independent of traditional risk factors,among patients with diabetes.Among the individual loneliness factors,the sense of feeling lonely emerged as the primary contributing factor to the elevated risk of CKD.Compared with individuals not experiencing feelings of loneliness,those who felt lonely exhibited a 22%increased likelihood of developing CKD.In addition,feeling lonely demonstrated greater relative importance of predicting CKD compared with traditional risk factors such as body mass index,smoking,physical activity and diet.Conclusions This study indicates the significant relationship between loneliness and CKD risk among patients with diabetes,highlighting the need to address SDOH in preventing CKD in this population.展开更多
1.Introduction On December 18,2023,a M6.2 earthquake struck central China with epicenter at Jishishan,Gansu(35.70°N,102.79°E).In the USGS Latest Earthquake platform,the event was identified as M_(W)5.9,35.74...1.Introduction On December 18,2023,a M6.2 earthquake struck central China with epicenter at Jishishan,Gansu(35.70°N,102.79°E).In the USGS Latest Earthquake platform,the event was identified as M_(W)5.9,35.743°N,102.827°E,labeled 37 km WNW of Linxia Chengguanzhen,China.This study presents an open-access dataset comprising PGA and PGV records of the main-shock from 202accelerometers and 539 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within two arcdegrees of the epicenter.展开更多
BACKGROUND Improving mental health is crucial for patients who require wound treatment.AIM To analyze the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)combined with vacuum sealing drainage on the psychological healt...BACKGROUND Improving mental health is crucial for patients who require wound treatment.AIM To analyze the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)combined with vacuum sealing drainage on the psychological health of patients undergoing wound treatment,providing a basis for selecting wound treatment protocols.METHODS A total of 102 patients undergoing wound treatment were included,with the study period from March 2020 to March 2024.Sex was not a factor,and patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 51 cases each.The control group received negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT),while the experimental group received NPWT plus SFBT.The recovery of wounds,granulation tissue scores,and psychological health levels were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Windows software version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.RESULTS Post-treatment,the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,white blood cell count,and lactate dehydrogenase in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The two groups had no significant difference in granulation tissue scores(P<0.05).The psychological health level in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of SFBT and NPWT accelerates wound healing,promotes granulation tissue growth,and improves psychological well-being,making it a valuable approach for clinical application.展开更多
背景与目的并发症是肺切除术后患者死亡的重要原因,目前我国肺癌胸腔镜手术普及率逐年增高,但肺癌胸腔镜手术术后并发症的预测模型尚缺乏基于大样本数据库的支持。本研究采用TM&M(Thoracic Mortality and Morbidity)分级系统全面描...背景与目的并发症是肺切除术后患者死亡的重要原因,目前我国肺癌胸腔镜手术普及率逐年增高,但肺癌胸腔镜手术术后并发症的预测模型尚缺乏基于大样本数据库的支持。本研究采用TM&M(Thoracic Mortality and Morbidity)分级系统全面描绘我中心胸腔镜肺癌手术术后并发症,并建立和验证并发症的预测模型。该模型可为此类患者术后并发症的预防和干预提供依据,从而加速患者康复。方法回顾性收集我中心2007年1月-2018年12月胸腔镜肺癌手术患者临床资料,仅纳入Ⅰ期-Ⅲ期肺癌行胸腔镜肺主要手术的肺癌患者,术后并发症登记严格采用TM&M分级系统。将患者按照手术时期分为两组:前期组(2007年-2012年)和后期组(2013年-2018年),以倾向评分匹配法对两组基线数据进行匹配;匹配后数据采用二元Logistic回归分析建立并发症的预测模型,Bootstrap法内抽样进行内部验证。结果研究共纳入2,881例肺癌患者,平均年龄(61.0±10.1)岁,其中发生主要并发症180例(6.2%)。匹配后的1,268例患者进行二元Logistic回归分析显示:年龄(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.02-1.06,P<0.001)、手术时期(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.49-0.79,P<0.001)、病理类型(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.24-2.41,P=0.001)、术中出血量(OR=1.001,95%CI:1.000-1.003,P=0.03)、清扫淋巴结数目(OR=1.022,95%CI:1.00-1.04,P=0.005)为术后并发症发生的独立危险因素;将其纳入列线图模型,受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)提示该模型区分度较好(C-指数为0.699),1,000次重复Bootstrap内部抽样验证C-指数为0.680。校准曲线显示预测模型的校准度良好。结论TM&M并发症分级系统可全面准确地报告胸腔镜肺癌外科的术后并发症。年龄、手术时期、病理类型、术中出血量、清扫淋巴结数目是胸腔镜肺癌手术后主要并发症的独立危险因素,以此建立的并发症预测模型具有较好的区分度和校准度。展开更多
Background:More and more consumers are paying attention to skin rejuvenation.However,there is a lack of a non-invasive and efficient solution.Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of a trinity permeation synergism(TPS),w...Background:More and more consumers are paying attention to skin rejuvenation.However,there is a lack of a non-invasive and efficient solution.Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of a trinity permeation synergism(TPS),which consists of a firming essence,an atomizer and a photoelectric penetrator,for facial anti-aging efficacy.Material and methods:In this work,in vitro cell experiments and human efficacy study were used to evaluate the firming and anti-wrinkle effects.Cell experiments were used to verify the effect of the firming essence on the cell proliferation,migration,and anti-inflammation in keratinocytes(HaCaT),and on the gene expression levels of type I and type III collagen(Col-1 and Col-3)and type I matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-1)in human skin fibroblasts(HSF).After in vitro test,60 women aged 35–60 years were enrolled in the randomized test,of which 30 subjects were randomly selected to be the experimental group and treated with the TPS system,while the left 30 subjects were treated with the firming essence only considered as control.After 28 days,skin elasticity,skin redness value,and skin wrinkles were measured to evaluate the efficacy of the TPS system.Results:Cell experiments showed that the firming essence can significantly improve the proliferation and the migration of HaCaT cells.It also promoted the expression level of Col-1 and Col-3 gene,and inhibited the expression level of MMP-1 gene in HSF cells.After confirming the efficacy of firming essence,the efficacy benefit of the TPS was further studied.The 28-day tests show that combined use firming essence with atomizer and penetrator can significantly increase skin elasticity,reduce skin hemoglobin value and skin wrinkles on Day 28.Moreover,all the mentioned improvements are significantly better than that in the control group.Conclusion:Through efficient delivery in the whole process,TPS boosts the efficacy of active components in the firming essence.TPS offers an efficient,non-invasive,and convenient way for enhanced facial rejuvenation efficacy.展开更多
Green building is a manifestation of the response to the national“dual carbon”strategy.With the large-scale promotion of green buildings,the country has successively issued multiple evaluation standards for green bu...Green building is a manifestation of the response to the national“dual carbon”strategy.With the large-scale promotion of green buildings,the country has successively issued multiple evaluation standards for green buildings.Schools are places for preaching,teaching,and solving doubts,and the campus environment plays an important role in improving students’learning efficiency and promoting their physical and mental health.This article is based on the“Green Building Evaluation Standards”GB/T 50378-2019,analyzing and exploring the integration and application of key technologies in green schools,providing reference for green building designers.展开更多
AIM: To compare the therapeutic effect and significances of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT). METHODS: HCC patients (n=147) with tumor thrombi in the ...AIM: To compare the therapeutic effect and significances of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT). METHODS: HCC patients (n=147) with tumor thrombi in the main portal vein or the first branch of portal vein were divided into four groups by the several therapeutic methods. There were conservative treatment group in 18 out of patients (group A); and hepatic artery ligation(HAL) and/or hepatic artery infusion (HAI) group in 18 patients (group B), in whom postoperative chemoembolization was done periodically; group of removal of HCC with PVTT in 79 (group C) and group of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or HAI and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) after operation in 32 (group D). RESULTS: The median survival period was 12 months in our series and the 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates were 44.3%, 24.5% and 15.2%, respectively. The median survival times were 2, 5, 12 and 16 months in group A, B, C and D, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 5.6%, 0% and 0% in group A; 22.2%, 5.6% and 0% in group B; 53.9%, 26.9% and 16.6% in group C; 79.3%, 38.9% and 26.8% in group D, respectively. Significant difference appeared in the survival rates among the groups (P 【 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi and HCC should increase the curative effects and be encouraged for the prolongation of life span and quality of life for HCC patients with PVTT, whereas the best therapeutic method for HCC with PVTT is with regional hepatic chemotherapy or chemoembolization after hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82071387(to HT),81971172(to YW)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China,No.LY22H090012(to HT)the Basic Research Project of Wenzhou City,China,No.Y20220923(to MZ)。
文摘The M1/M2 phenotypic shift of microglia after spinal cord injury plays an important role in the regulation of neuroinflammation during the secondary injury phase of spinal cord injury.Regulation of shifting microglia polarization from M1(neurotoxic and proinflammatory type)to M2(neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory type)after spinal cord injury appears to be crucial.Tryptanthrin possesses an anti-inflammatory biological function.However,its roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury remain unknown.In this study,we found that tryptanthrin inhibited microglia-derived inflammation by promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro.Tryptanthrin promoted M2 polarization through inactivating the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway.Additionally,we found that targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway with tryptanthrin shifted microglia from the M1 to M2 phenotype after spinal cord injury,inhibited neuronal loss,and promoted tissue repair and functional recovery in a mouse model of spinal cord injury.Finally,using a conditional co-culture system,we found that microglia treated with tryptanthrin suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress-related neuronal apoptosis.Taken together,these results suggest that by targeting the cGAS/STING/NF-κB axis,tryptanthrin attenuates microglia-derived neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury through shifting microglia polarization to the M2 phenotype.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82150 0 04)the National Municipal Key Clinical Specialtythe Clinical Research Project for Major Diseases in Municipal Hospitals (SHDC2020CR1022B)。
文摘Liver transplantation represents a complex surgical procedure and serves as a curative treatment for patients presenting an acute or chronic end-stage liver disease, or carefully selected liver malignancy. A significant gap still exists between the number of available donor organs and potential recipients. The use of an otherwise-wasted resected liver lobe from patients with benign liver tumors is a new, albeit small, option to alleviate the allograft shortage. This review provides evidence that resected liver lobes may be used successfully in liver transplantation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 41272124 and 41402092)Natural Science Foundation (Youth Science Fund Project) of Jiangsu Province (BK20140604)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20620140386)the State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research of Nanjing University (Grant No. ZZKT-201321)
文摘In this paper,the type,vertical evolution,and distribution pattern of sedimentary facies of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression of the North Jiangsu Basin are studied in detail.Results show that fan delta,delta,nearshore subaqueous fan,and lacustrine facies developed during the Dainan Formation period and their distribution pattern was mainly controlled by tectonics and paleogeography.The fan delta and nearshore subaqueous fan facies predominantly occur in the southern steep slope region where fault-induced subsidence is thought to have created substantial accommodation,whereas the delta facies are distributed on the northern gentle slope which is thought to have experienced less subsidence.Finally,the lacustrine facies is shown to have developed in the center of the depression,as well as on the flanks of the fan delta,delta,and nearshore subaqueous fan facies.Vertically,the Dainan Formation represents an integrated transgressiveregressive cycle,with the E2d1being the transgressive sequence and the E2d2being the regressive sequence.This distribution model of sedimentary facies plays an important role in predicting favorable reservoir belts for the Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression and similar areas.In the Gaoyou Depression,sandstones of the subaqueous distributary channels in the fan delta and the subaqueous branch channels in the delta are characterized by physical properties favorable for reservoir formation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 42177164)the Distinguished Youth Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(2022JJ10073).
文摘As massive underground projects have become popular in dense urban cities,a problem has arisen:which model predicts the best for Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)performance in these tunneling projects?However,performance level of TBMs in complex geological conditions is still a great challenge for practitioners and researchers.On the other hand,a reliable and accurate prediction of TBM performance is essential to planning an applicable tunnel construction schedule.The performance of TBM is very difficult to estimate due to various geotechnical and geological factors and machine specifications.The previously-proposed intelligent techniques in this field are mostly based on a single or base model with a low level of accuracy.Hence,this study aims to introduce a hybrid randomforest(RF)technique optimized by global harmony search with generalized oppositionbased learning(GOGHS)for forecasting TBM advance rate(AR).Optimizing the RF hyper-parameters in terms of,e.g.,tree number and maximum tree depth is the main objective of using the GOGHS-RF model.In the modelling of this study,a comprehensive databasewith themost influential parameters onTBMtogetherwithTBM AR were used as input and output variables,respectively.To examine the capability and power of the GOGHSRF model,three more hybrid models of particle swarm optimization-RF,genetic algorithm-RF and artificial bee colony-RF were also constructed to forecast TBM AR.Evaluation of the developed models was performed by calculating several performance indices,including determination coefficient(R2),root-mean-square-error(RMSE),and mean-absolute-percentage-error(MAPE).The results showed that theGOGHS-RF is a more accurate technique for estimatingTBMAR compared to the other applied models.The newly-developedGOGHS-RFmodel enjoyed R2=0.9937 and 0.9844,respectively,for train and test stages,which are higher than a pre-developed RF.Also,the importance of the input parameters was interpreted through the SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)method,and it was found that thrust force per cutter is the most important variable on TBMAR.The GOGHS-RF model can be used in mechanized tunnel projects for predicting and checking performance.
文摘电化学水分解作为一种生产高纯度氢气的绿色技术,虽然前景广阔,但阳极析氧反应(OER)动力学缓慢,严重制约了其能量转换效率.目前,电化学水分解系统主要以淡水作为原料.然而,大规模使用淡水进行分解无疑会给淡水资源带来沉重负担.相比之下,占水资源总量96%以上的海水,因其丰富的储量,成为替代淡水的理想选择.然而,由于海水中含有大量的氯离子,会引发与OER的竞争性氯析出反应(ClER)形成次氯酸盐(ClO^(–)),导致活性位点失活,严重降低催化剂的活性和稳定性.因此,如何在利用海水进行电化学水分解的同时,有效抑制ClER的发生,是当前亟待解决的科学问题.在最新催化剂研究中,金属有机框架(MOF)凭借其高孔隙率、大比表面积和分散的活性位点,在电化学水分解中展现出良好的性能.然而,MOF的电子导电性和OER反应能垒受限于氧原子p轨道与金属原子d轨道间的电子云重叠.因此,设计MOF活性位点的电子结构,促进自发电子转移,对于提升导电性和OER效率至关重要.界面工程能优化MOF活性位点的电子结构,增强局部电荷再分配,从而提高OER活性.为满足工业高电流密度需求,构建富含缺陷的异质结构是关键,其能暴露更多OER活性位点,优化质量传递,缩短电子迁移路径.结合高导电、可调电子结构的NiS晶体相,构建MOF非晶/NiS晶体异质界面,可调控电子结构并加速电荷转移.目前,关于MOF基非晶/晶异质界面催化剂用于海水氧化的报道尚少,这一方向具有巨大潜力.本文通过两步法耦合策略,成功在泡沫镍基底上制备了NiFe-MOF@NiS异质结构催化剂.首先,利用硫温和改性腐蚀方法在泡沫镍基体生长晶相NiS纳米片;随后,通过电沉积处理在NiS表面生长非晶相NiFe-MOF纳米颗粒.理论计算结果表明,NiFe-MOF和NiS之间的电子相互作用可以加速电荷转移,有效调节金属位点的d带中心,从而优化含氧中间体的吸附能力.与NiFe-MOF和NiS相比,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂对OOH*中间体的吸附能力更为突出,这大大降低了速率决定步骤(O*→OOH*)的反应能垒,为高效催化OER提供了理论支撑.实验结果表明,在1 mol L^(‒1)KOH和碱性海水电解液中,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂仅需要346和355 mV的低过电位,即可驱动500 mA cm^(–2)的大电流密度.Tafel斜率和电化学阻抗谱的结果表明,该催化剂具有较好的OER动力学特征.此外,质量活性和转换频率结果表明,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂展现出良好的本征催化活性.多步恒电流阶梯曲线以及在100和500 mA cm‒2电流密度下的计时电位曲线结果表明,NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂具有出色的长期稳定性.通过对在碱性海水电解液OER反应后的NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂进行表征发现,在OER过程中,NiS物种会在阳极电压下自重构形成硫酸盐膜,可以显著抑制Cl–离子在催化剂表面的吸附,使NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂在海水电解质中具有强大的耐腐蚀性.这一特性使得NiFe-MOF@NiS/NF催化剂在碱性KOH和碱性海水中均能保持较好的OER活性和稳定性,性能超过了商业RuO_(2)以及大多数报道的其他MOF基的催化剂.综上所述,本文通过简便易行的合成策略,制备了高性能的NiFe-MOF@NiS异质结催化剂,其表现出高效电解海水性能和稳定性.本工作为合理设计高活性、稳定性、选择性的MOF基抗氯腐蚀催化剂以提高碱性海水的OER性能提供了新视角.
文摘Rock bursts represent a formidable challenge in underground engineering,posing substantial risks to both infrastructure and human safety.These sudden and violent failures of rock masses are characterized by the rapid release of accumulated stress within the rock,leading to severe seismic events and structural damage.Therefore,the development of reliable prediction models for rock bursts is paramount to mitigating these hazards.This study aims to propose a tree-based model—a Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)—to predict the intensity of rock bursts in underground engineering.322 actual rock burst cases are collected to constitute an exhaustive rock burst dataset,which serves to train the LightGBMmodel.Two population-basedmetaheuristic algorithms are used to optimize the hyperparameters of the LightGBM model.Finally,the sensitivity analysis is used to identify the predominant factors that may incur the occurrence of rock bursts.The results show that the population-based metaheuristic algorithms have a good ability to search out the optimal hyperparameters of the LightGBM model.The developed LightGBM model yields promising performance in predicting the intensity of rock bursts,with which accuracy on training and testing sets are 0.972 and 0.944,respectively.The sensitivity analysis discloses that the risk of occurring rock burst is significantly sensitive to three factors:uniaxial compressive strength(σc),stress concentration factor(SCF),and elastic strain energy index(Wet).Moreover,this study clarifies the particular impact of these three factors on the intensity of rock bursts through the partial dependence plot.
基金supported by grants from the National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute(HL071981,HL034594,HL126024)the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(DK115679,DK091718,DK100383,DK078616).
文摘Background Individuals with diabetes have a significantly higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease(CKD)and higher levels of social isolation and loneliness compared with those without diabetes.Recently,the American Heart Association highlighted the importance of considering social determinants of health(SDOH)in conjunction with traditional risk factors in patients with diabetes.Aims To investigate the associations of loneliness and social isolation with incident CKD risk in patients with diabetes in the UK Biobank.Methods A total of 18972 patients with diabetes were included in this prospective study.Loneliness and Social Isolation Scales were created based on self-reported factors.An adjusted Cox proportional hazard model was used to investigate the associations of loneliness and social isolation with CKD risk among patients with diabetes.The relative importance in predicting CKD was also calculated alongside traditional risk factors.Results During a median follow-up of 10.8 years,1127 incident CKD cases were reported.A higher loneliness scale,but not social isolation,was significantly associated with a 25%higher risk of CKD,independent of traditional risk factors,among patients with diabetes.Among the individual loneliness factors,the sense of feeling lonely emerged as the primary contributing factor to the elevated risk of CKD.Compared with individuals not experiencing feelings of loneliness,those who felt lonely exhibited a 22%increased likelihood of developing CKD.In addition,feeling lonely demonstrated greater relative importance of predicting CKD compared with traditional risk factors such as body mass index,smoking,physical activity and diet.Conclusions This study indicates the significant relationship between loneliness and CKD risk among patients with diabetes,highlighting the need to address SDOH in preventing CKD in this population.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42120104002)Science for Earthquake Resilience(No.XH23052C)the Program of China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences.
文摘1.Introduction On December 18,2023,a M6.2 earthquake struck central China with epicenter at Jishishan,Gansu(35.70°N,102.79°E).In the USGS Latest Earthquake platform,the event was identified as M_(W)5.9,35.743°N,102.827°E,labeled 37 km WNW of Linxia Chengguanzhen,China.This study presents an open-access dataset comprising PGA and PGV records of the main-shock from 202accelerometers and 539 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within two arcdegrees of the epicenter.
文摘BACKGROUND Improving mental health is crucial for patients who require wound treatment.AIM To analyze the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)combined with vacuum sealing drainage on the psychological health of patients undergoing wound treatment,providing a basis for selecting wound treatment protocols.METHODS A total of 102 patients undergoing wound treatment were included,with the study period from March 2020 to March 2024.Sex was not a factor,and patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 51 cases each.The control group received negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT),while the experimental group received NPWT plus SFBT.The recovery of wounds,granulation tissue scores,and psychological health levels were compared between the two groups.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Windows software version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0.RESULTS Post-treatment,the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,white blood cell count,and lactate dehydrogenase in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The two groups had no significant difference in granulation tissue scores(P<0.05).The psychological health level in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of SFBT and NPWT accelerates wound healing,promotes granulation tissue growth,and improves psychological well-being,making it a valuable approach for clinical application.
文摘Background:More and more consumers are paying attention to skin rejuvenation.However,there is a lack of a non-invasive and efficient solution.Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of a trinity permeation synergism(TPS),which consists of a firming essence,an atomizer and a photoelectric penetrator,for facial anti-aging efficacy.Material and methods:In this work,in vitro cell experiments and human efficacy study were used to evaluate the firming and anti-wrinkle effects.Cell experiments were used to verify the effect of the firming essence on the cell proliferation,migration,and anti-inflammation in keratinocytes(HaCaT),and on the gene expression levels of type I and type III collagen(Col-1 and Col-3)and type I matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-1)in human skin fibroblasts(HSF).After in vitro test,60 women aged 35–60 years were enrolled in the randomized test,of which 30 subjects were randomly selected to be the experimental group and treated with the TPS system,while the left 30 subjects were treated with the firming essence only considered as control.After 28 days,skin elasticity,skin redness value,and skin wrinkles were measured to evaluate the efficacy of the TPS system.Results:Cell experiments showed that the firming essence can significantly improve the proliferation and the migration of HaCaT cells.It also promoted the expression level of Col-1 and Col-3 gene,and inhibited the expression level of MMP-1 gene in HSF cells.After confirming the efficacy of firming essence,the efficacy benefit of the TPS was further studied.The 28-day tests show that combined use firming essence with atomizer and penetrator can significantly increase skin elasticity,reduce skin hemoglobin value and skin wrinkles on Day 28.Moreover,all the mentioned improvements are significantly better than that in the control group.Conclusion:Through efficient delivery in the whole process,TPS boosts the efficacy of active components in the firming essence.TPS offers an efficient,non-invasive,and convenient way for enhanced facial rejuvenation efficacy.
文摘Green building is a manifestation of the response to the national“dual carbon”strategy.With the large-scale promotion of green buildings,the country has successively issued multiple evaluation standards for green buildings.Schools are places for preaching,teaching,and solving doubts,and the campus environment plays an important role in improving students’learning efficiency and promoting their physical and mental health.This article is based on the“Green Building Evaluation Standards”GB/T 50378-2019,analyzing and exploring the integration and application of key technologies in green schools,providing reference for green building designers.
基金Surported by the Funds of Hundred Outsdanding Persons project of Shanghai(97BR029)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(984419067)
文摘AIM: To compare the therapeutic effect and significances of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT). METHODS: HCC patients (n=147) with tumor thrombi in the main portal vein or the first branch of portal vein were divided into four groups by the several therapeutic methods. There were conservative treatment group in 18 out of patients (group A); and hepatic artery ligation(HAL) and/or hepatic artery infusion (HAI) group in 18 patients (group B), in whom postoperative chemoembolization was done periodically; group of removal of HCC with PVTT in 79 (group C) and group of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or HAI and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) after operation in 32 (group D). RESULTS: The median survival period was 12 months in our series and the 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates were 44.3%, 24.5% and 15.2%, respectively. The median survival times were 2, 5, 12 and 16 months in group A, B, C and D, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 5.6%, 0% and 0% in group A; 22.2%, 5.6% and 0% in group B; 53.9%, 26.9% and 16.6% in group C; 79.3%, 38.9% and 26.8% in group D, respectively. Significant difference appeared in the survival rates among the groups (P 【 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi and HCC should increase the curative effects and be encouraged for the prolongation of life span and quality of life for HCC patients with PVTT, whereas the best therapeutic method for HCC with PVTT is with regional hepatic chemotherapy or chemoembolization after hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi.
