The safety problems encountered with lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)hinder their development for practical applications.Herein,a highly thermally conductive separator was constructed by cross‐weaving super‐aligned c...The safety problems encountered with lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)hinder their development for practical applications.Herein,a highly thermally conductive separator was constructed by cross‐weaving super‐aligned carbon nanotubes(SA‐C)on super‐aligned boron nitride@carbon nanotubes(SA‐BC)to create a composite film(SA‐BC/SA‐C).This separator was used to fabricate safe LSBs with improved electrochemical performance.The highly aligned separator structure created a uniform thermal field that could rapidly dissipate heat accumulated during continuous operation due to internal resistance,which prevented the development of extremely high temperatures.The array of boron nitride nanosheets endowed the composite separator with a large number of adsorption sites,while the highly graphitized carbon nanotube skeleton accelerated the catalytic conversion of high‐valence polysulfides into low‐valence polysulfides.The arrayed molecular brush design enabled the regulation of local current density and ion flux,and considerably alleviated the growth of lithium dendrites,thus promoting the smooth deposition of Li metal.Consequently,a battery constructed with the SA‐BC/SA‐C separator showed a good discharge capacity of 685.2 mAh g−1 over 300 cycles(a capacity decay of 0.026%per cycle)at 2 C and 60°C.This“three‐in‐one”multifunctional separator design strategy constitutes a new path forward for overcoming the safety problems of LSBs.展开更多
The acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is central to water electrolysis using proton‐exchange membranes.However,even as benchmark catalysts in the acidic OER,Ru‐based catalysts still suffer from sluggish kinetics ...The acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is central to water electrolysis using proton‐exchange membranes.However,even as benchmark catalysts in the acidic OER,Ru‐based catalysts still suffer from sluggish kinetics owing to the scaling relationship that arises from the traditional concerted proton‐electron transfer(CPET)process.Motivated by the knowledge that a charged surface may be favorable for accelerating the OER kinetics,we posited the incorporation of elements with pseudocapacitive properties into Ru‐based catalysts.Herein,we report a RuPbOx electrocatalyst for efficient and stable water oxidation in acid with a low overpotential of 191 mV to reach 10 mA cm^(−2) and a low Tafel slope of 39 mV dec^(−1).The combination of electrochemical analysis,X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and in situ Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the improved OER kinetics was associated with the formation of superoxide precursors on the strongly charged surface after Pb incorporation,indicating a non‐concerted proton‐electron transfer mechanism for the OER on RuPbOx.展开更多
Smart electronic textiles with electronic functions like displaying can provide transformative opportunities for wearable devices that traditional rigid devices are hard to realize.A general strategy of enabling texti...Smart electronic textiles with electronic functions like displaying can provide transformative opportunities for wearable devices that traditional rigid devices are hard to realize.A general strategy of enabling textiles to display is weaving light-emitting fibers into textiles and designing control circuits.However,it remains challenging for the current electronic textiles to display full-color images and videos.Here,we demonstrate a large-area integrated electronic textile system(with a size of 72 cm×50 cm)by weaving light-emitting diode(LED)fibers,touch-sensing fibers and polyester fibers,which could display full-color images(with a gamut of 117.6%NTSC)and continuous videos(with a refresh rate of 11.7 Hz)by designing low-voltage supply mode and parallelly transmitting circuits.After integration of touch-sensing fibers,such textile system could achieve various touch display and interactive functions like smart phones or computers,including hand input of text,hand painting,computing and playing games.The stability and durability of textile system withstanding 5000 bending cycles was also demonstrated for wearable applications.The integrated electronic textile system shows similar flexibility and breathability with regular textiles,which is promising to serve as new human-machine interface to change the way in which people interact with electronics.展开更多
The fiberization and integration of electronic devices into textiles represent an important strategy to design wearable and comfortable intelligent systems.However,the function realization of existing intelligent text...The fiberization and integration of electronic devices into textiles represent an important strategy to design wearable and comfortable intelligent systems.However,the function realization of existing intelligent textiles often depends on complex and rigid silicon-based computation components,which have posed significant challenges in terms of integration,energy consumption and user comfort.This has spurred the need for a paradigm shift towards more seamless and efficient solutions.The advent of chipless interactive textile electronics presents a promising pathway for overcoming these challenges and unlocking new possibilities in wearable technology.展开更多
Fiber strain sensors with robust sensing performance are indispensable for human-machine interactions in the electronic textiles.However,current fiber strain sensors are confronted with the challenges of unavoidable d...Fiber strain sensors with robust sensing performance are indispensable for human-machine interactions in the electronic textiles.However,current fiber strain sensors are confronted with the challenges of unavoidable deterioration of functional sensing components during wearable and extreme environments,resulting in unsatisfactory stability and durability.Here,we present a robust fiber strain sensor based on the mutual inductance effect.The sensor is assembled by designing coaxial helical coils around an elastic polyurethane fiber.When stretching the fiber sensor,the strain is detected by recording the voltage changes in the helical coils due to the variation in magnetic flux.The resultant fiber strain sensor shows high linearity(with a linear regression coefficient of 0.99)at a large strain of 100%,and can withstand various extreme environmental conditions,such as high/low temperatures(from-30℃to 160℃),and severe deformations,such as twisting and pressing(with a pressure of 500 N/cm).The long-term cyclic stability of our fiber strain sensor(100,000 cycles at a strain of 100%)is superior to that of most reported flexible resistive and capacitive strain sensors.Finally,the mass-produced fiber strain sensors are woven into a smart textile system to accurately capture gestures.展开更多
The advances in chemistry and materials have boosted the development of smart textiles,which are poised to revolutionize human lifestyles through multifunctional integration,such as heating,cooling,sensing and supplyi...The advances in chemistry and materials have boosted the development of smart textiles,which are poised to revolutionize human lifestyles through multifunctional integration,such as heating,cooling,sensing and supplying energy^([1,2]).Among them,thermal insulation is an essential function of textiles to protect humans from complex and extreme environments and realize personal thermal management without energy con-sumption^([3]).展开更多
Real-time and accurate monitoring of vital biomarkers in vivo forms a crucial foundation for health assessment,early intervention,and disease treatment.Specifically,continuous monitoring of intracranial nitric oxide(N...Real-time and accurate monitoring of vital biomarkers in vivo forms a crucial foundation for health assessment,early intervention,and disease treatment.Specifically,continuous monitoring of intracranial nitric oxide(NO)levels plays a pivotal role in promptly assessing immune responses,neurovirulence,and cerebrovascular diseases[1].Differing from non-real-time monitoring methods like chemiluminescence[2]and fluorescent probes[3],implantable electrochemical sensors excel in simultaneously high temporal resolution,sensitivity,and cost-effectiveness[4].展开更多
Precise and continuous monitoring of biochemicals by biosensors assists to understand physiological functions for various diagnostics and therapeutic applications.For implanted biosensors,small size and flexibility ar...Precise and continuous monitoring of biochemicals by biosensors assists to understand physiological functions for various diagnostics and therapeutic applications.For implanted biosensors,small size and flexibility are essential for minimizing tissue damage and achieving accurate detection.However,the active surface area of sensor decreases as the sensor becomes smaller,which will increase the impedance and decrease the signal to noise ratio,resulting in a poor detection limit.Taking advantages of local amplification effect,organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)constitute promising candidates for high-sensitive monitoring.However,their detections in deep tissues are rarely reported.Herein,we report a family of implantable,fiber-shaped all-in-one OECTs based on carbon nanotube fibers for versatile biochemical detection including H2O2,glucose,dopamine and glutamate.These fiber-shaped OECTs demonstrated high sensitivity,dynamical stability in physiological environment and antiinterference capability.After implantation in mouse brain,7-day dopamine monitoring in vivo was realized for the first time.These fiber-shaped OECTs could be great additions to the"life science"tool box and represent promising avenue for biomedical monitoring.展开更多
Biomedical polymers have been extensively developed for promising applications in a lot of biomedical fields, such as therapeutic medicine delivery, disease detection and diagnosis, biosensing, regenerative medicine, ...Biomedical polymers have been extensively developed for promising applications in a lot of biomedical fields, such as therapeutic medicine delivery, disease detection and diagnosis, biosensing, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in the synthesis and application of biomedical polymers, and discuss the comprehensive understanding of their property-function relationship for corresponding biomedical applications. In particular, a few burgeoning bioactive polymers, such as peptide/biomembrane/microorganism/cell-based biomedical polymers, are also introduced and highlighted as the emerging biomaterials for cancer precision therapy. Furthermore, the foreseeable challenges and outlook of the development of more efficient, healthier and safer biomedical polymers are discussed. We wish this systemic and comprehensive review on highlighting frontier progress of biomedical polymers could inspire and promote new breakthrough in fundamental research and clinical translation.展开更多
The soluble nature of polysulfide species created on the sulfur electrode has severely hampered the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries. Trapping and anchoring polysulfides are promising a...The soluble nature of polysulfide species created on the sulfur electrode has severely hampered the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries. Trapping and anchoring polysulfides are promising approaches for overcoming this issue. In this work, a mechanically robust, electrically conductive hybrid carbon aerogel （HCA） with aligned and interconnected pores was created and investigated as an interlayer for Li-S batteries. The hierarchical cross-linked networks constructed by graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes can act as an ＂internet＂ to capture the polysulfide, while the micro- and nano-pores inside the aerogel can facilitate quick penetration of the electrolyte and rapid transport of lithium ions. As advantages of the unique structure and excellent accommodation of the volume change of the active materials, a high specific capacity of 1,309 mAh.g-1 at 0.2 C was achieved for the assembled Li-S battery, coupled with good rate performance and long-term cycling stability （78% capacity retention after 600 cycles at 4 C）.展开更多
As an im portant branch of fiber-shaped energy storage devices, the fiber-shaped supercapacitor has been widely studied recently. However, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve fast electron transport and e...As an im portant branch of fiber-shaped energy storage devices, the fiber-shaped supercapacitor has been widely studied recently. However, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve fast electron transport and excellent ion accessibility in one single fiber electrode of the fibershaped supercapacitor. Herein, a novel family of amphiphilic core-sheath structured carbon nanotube composite fibers has been developed and applied to the fiber-shaped supercapacitor to address the above challenge. The polyaniline-modified hydrophilic sheath of the composite fiber electrode effectively enhanced the electrochemical property via advancing ion accessibility, while Au-deposited hydrophobic core demonstrated improved electrical conductivity by fast electron supply. On the basis of a synergistic effect, a remarkable specific capacitance of 324 F cm^-3 at 0.5 A cm^-3 and greatly enhanced rate performance were achieved, i.e” a 79% retention (256 F cm 3) at 50 A cm^-3. The obtained fiber-shaped supercapacitor finally displayed remarkable energy and power densities of 7.2 mW h cm 3 and 10 W cm^-3, respectively. The strategy developed herein also presents a general pathway towards novel fiber electrodes for high-performance wearable devices.展开更多
Mechanoluminescence has attracted increasing attentions because it can convert the kinetic energy during human daily motions into light to be used in sensors and displays. However, its practical applications are still...Mechanoluminescence has attracted increasing attentions because it can convert the kinetic energy during human daily motions into light to be used in sensors and displays. However, its practical applications are still hindered by the weak brightness and limited color while under large forces. Herein, we developed novel piezoluminescent devices(PLDs) which could effectively emit visible light under low pressing forces through the stress-concentration and enhancing deformation on the basis of carefully-designed array structures. The emitting colors were also tunable by using bilayer luminescent film under different pressures. This work not only provides a new strategy to effectively harvest mechanical energy into light,but also presents a scalable, low-cost and color-tunable PLD which shows great potentials in various applications such as luminescent floors, shoes and stress-activated displays.展开更多
The electrocatalytic approach of converting carbon dioxide(CO2)to valuable chemical commodities and feedstocks provides a promising solution to store intermittent renewable electricity in a high-energy-density way and...The electrocatalytic approach of converting carbon dioxide(CO2)to valuable chemical commodities and feedstocks provides a promising solution to store intermittent renewable electricity in a high-energy-density way and mitigate CO2 accumulation in atmosphere[1–3].Recently,the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR)has made remarkable progress in yielding C1 products(such as carbon monoxide(CO)[4–6]and formate(HCOO−)[7–9])with significantly high current densities and high Faradaic efficiencies(FEs).展开更多
Due to the mechanical mismatch between conventional rigid electronic devices and soft tissues at nature,a lot of interests have been attracted to develop flexible bioelectronics that work well both in vitro and in viv...Due to the mechanical mismatch between conventional rigid electronic devices and soft tissues at nature,a lot of interests have been attracted to develop flexible bioelectronics that work well both in vitro and in vivo. To this end, polymers that can be used for both key components and substrates are indispensable to achieve high performances such as high sensitivity and long-term stability for sensing applications.Here we will summarize the recent advances on the synthesis of a variety of polymers, the design of typical architectures and the integration of different functions for the flexible bioelectronic devices. The remaining challenges and promising directions are highlighted to provide inspirations for the future study on the emerging flexible bioelectronics at end.展开更多
The evolution of electronic systems towards small,flexible,portable and human-centered forms drives the demand for onbody power supplies with lightweight and high flexibility.Fiber solar cells that can be integrated i...The evolution of electronic systems towards small,flexible,portable and human-centered forms drives the demand for onbody power supplies with lightweight and high flexibility.Fiber solar cells that can be integrated into soft and lightweight textiles are considered as potential sustainable power sources for the next generation of wearable electronics.To this end,they have been extensively investigated in the past decade aiming to improve their photovoltaic performances,but there is still a big gap between the high-performance devices and real applications.Herein,the key advances of configurations,fabrications and performances of fiber solar cells are highlighted and analyzed.Based on the current progress,the latest ideas with regard to the remaining challenges and opportunities beyond the reach of the previous studies are presented.展开更多
Among all CO2 electroreduction products,methane(CH4)and ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))are two typical and valuable hydrocarbon products which are formed in two different pathways:hydrogenation and dimerization reactions of the ...Among all CO2 electroreduction products,methane(CH4)and ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))are two typical and valuable hydrocarbon products which are formed in two different pathways:hydrogenation and dimerization reactions of the same CO intermediate.Theoretical studies show that the adsorption configurations of CO intermediate determine the reaction pathways towards CH4/C_(2)H_(4).However,it is challenging to experimentally control the CO adsorption configurations at the catalyst surface,and thus the hydrocarbon selectivity is still limited.Herein,we seek to synthesize two well-defined copper nanocatalysts with controllable surface structures.The two model catalysts exhibit a high hydrocarbon selectivity toward either CH4(83%)or C_(2)H_(4)(93%)under identical reduction conditions.Scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy characterizations reveal the low-coordination Cu^(0)sites and local Cu^(0)/Cu^(+)sites of the two catalysts,respectively.CO-temperature programed desorption,in-situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory studies unveil that the bridge-adsorbed CO(CO_(B))on the low-coordination Cu^(0)sites is apt to be hydrogenated to CH4,whereas the bridge-adsorbed CO plus linear-adsorbed CO(CO_(B)+CO_(L))on the local Cu^(0)/Cu^(+)sites are apt to be coupled to C_(2)H_(4).Our findings pave a new way to design catalysts with controllable CO adsorption configurations for high hydrocarbon product selectivity.展开更多
Developing efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under neutral conditions is important for microbial electrolysis cells(MECs).However,the OER kinetics in neutral electrolytes at present are ...Developing efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under neutral conditions is important for microbial electrolysis cells(MECs).However,the OER kinetics in neutral electrolytes at present are extremely sluggish,resulting in high overpotentials that greatly limit the energy conversion efficiencies of MECs.Previous studies failed to probe the adsorbates on surface metal sites of catalysts at the atomic scale and elucidate their influence on the catalytic activities,which has impeded the rational design of efficient neutral OER catalysts with optimal surface structures.Here,using in situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM),in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and in situ low-energy ion scattering studies,we have identified,for the first time,that the electrochemically activated adsorbates on surface metal sites play a critical role in boosting the neutral OER activities of Ru-Ir binary oxide(RuxIryO2)catalysts.The adsorbate-activated RuxIryO2on a glassy carbon electrode achieved a low overpotential of 324 m V at10 m A cm-2in neutral electrolyte,with a 36-fold improvement in turnover frequency compared with that of Ir O2benchmark.Upon application in an MEC system,the resulting full cell showed a decreased voltage of 1.8 V,200 m V lower than the best value reported to date,facilitating efficient synthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)from bioelectrochemical CO2reduction.Density functional theory(DFT)studies revealed that the enhanced OER activity of RuxIryO2catalyst arose from local structural distortion of adjacent adsorbate-covered Ru octahedra at the catalyst surface and the consequently decreased adsorption energies of OER intermediates on Ir active center.展开更多
Fiber organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)have received extensive attention in wearable and implantable biosensors because of their high flexibility and low working voltage.However,the transconductance of fiber ...Fiber organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)have received extensive attention in wearable and implantable biosensors because of their high flexibility and low working voltage.However,the transconductance of fiber OECTs is much lower compared with the planar counterparts,leading to low sensitivity.Here,we developed fiber OECTs in a coaxial configuration with microscale channel length to achieve the highest transconductance of 135 mS,which is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art fiber OECTs.Coaxial fiber OECT based sensors showed high sensitivities of 12.78,20.53 and 3.78 mA/decade to ascorbic acid,hydrogen peroxide and glucose,respectively.These fiber OECTs were woven into a fabric to monitor the glucose in sweat during exercise and implanted in mouse brain to detect ascorbic acid.This coaxial architectural design offers an effective way to promote the performance of fiber OECTs and realize highly sensitive detection of biochemicals.展开更多
Cooling is pervasive in modern society and contributes signifcantly to global energy use.A hierarchical-morphology metafabric has been recently reported to show efcient passive daytime radiative cooling ability and ma...Cooling is pervasive in modern society and contributes signifcantly to global energy use.A hierarchical-morphology metafabric has been recently reported to show efcient passive daytime radiative cooling ability and may be also easily scaled up by industrial textile manufacturing technology.The above study represents an important advance in personal thermal management through the use of intelligent garments.展开更多
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFE0206500。
文摘The safety problems encountered with lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)hinder their development for practical applications.Herein,a highly thermally conductive separator was constructed by cross‐weaving super‐aligned carbon nanotubes(SA‐C)on super‐aligned boron nitride@carbon nanotubes(SA‐BC)to create a composite film(SA‐BC/SA‐C).This separator was used to fabricate safe LSBs with improved electrochemical performance.The highly aligned separator structure created a uniform thermal field that could rapidly dissipate heat accumulated during continuous operation due to internal resistance,which prevented the development of extremely high temperatures.The array of boron nitride nanosheets endowed the composite separator with a large number of adsorption sites,while the highly graphitized carbon nanotube skeleton accelerated the catalytic conversion of high‐valence polysulfides into low‐valence polysulfides.The arrayed molecular brush design enabled the regulation of local current density and ion flux,and considerably alleviated the growth of lithium dendrites,thus promoting the smooth deposition of Li metal.Consequently,a battery constructed with the SA‐BC/SA‐C separator showed a good discharge capacity of 685.2 mAh g−1 over 300 cycles(a capacity decay of 0.026%per cycle)at 2 C and 60°C.This“three‐in‐one”multifunctional separator design strategy constitutes a new path forward for overcoming the safety problems of LSBs.
文摘The acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is central to water electrolysis using proton‐exchange membranes.However,even as benchmark catalysts in the acidic OER,Ru‐based catalysts still suffer from sluggish kinetics owing to the scaling relationship that arises from the traditional concerted proton‐electron transfer(CPET)process.Motivated by the knowledge that a charged surface may be favorable for accelerating the OER kinetics,we posited the incorporation of elements with pseudocapacitive properties into Ru‐based catalysts.Herein,we report a RuPbOx electrocatalyst for efficient and stable water oxidation in acid with a low overpotential of 191 mV to reach 10 mA cm^(−2) and a low Tafel slope of 39 mV dec^(−1).The combination of electrochemical analysis,X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and in situ Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the improved OER kinetics was associated with the formation of superoxide precursors on the strongly charged surface after Pb incorporation,indicating a non‐concerted proton‐electron transfer mechanism for the OER on RuPbOx.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52103300)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023A1515010572)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20210324132806017 and GXWD20220811163904001)。
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(MOST)(2022YFA1203001,2022YFA1203002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(T2321003,22335003,T2222005,22175042)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(STCSM)(21511104900)。
文摘Smart electronic textiles with electronic functions like displaying can provide transformative opportunities for wearable devices that traditional rigid devices are hard to realize.A general strategy of enabling textiles to display is weaving light-emitting fibers into textiles and designing control circuits.However,it remains challenging for the current electronic textiles to display full-color images and videos.Here,we demonstrate a large-area integrated electronic textile system(with a size of 72 cm×50 cm)by weaving light-emitting diode(LED)fibers,touch-sensing fibers and polyester fibers,which could display full-color images(with a gamut of 117.6%NTSC)and continuous videos(with a refresh rate of 11.7 Hz)by designing low-voltage supply mode and parallelly transmitting circuits.After integration of touch-sensing fibers,such textile system could achieve various touch display and interactive functions like smart phones or computers,including hand input of text,hand painting,computing and playing games.The stability and durability of textile system withstanding 5000 bending cycles was also demonstrated for wearable applications.The integrated electronic textile system shows similar flexibility and breathability with regular textiles,which is promising to serve as new human-machine interface to change the way in which people interact with electronics.
基金supported by MOST(2022YFA1203001,2022YFA1203002),NSFC(T2321003,22335003,52122310,22075050,52222310,T2222005,22175042)and STCSM(21511104900).
文摘The fiberization and integration of electronic devices into textiles represent an important strategy to design wearable and comfortable intelligent systems.However,the function realization of existing intelligent textiles often depends on complex and rigid silicon-based computation components,which have posed significant challenges in terms of integration,energy consumption and user comfort.This has spurred the need for a paradigm shift towards more seamless and efficient solutions.The advent of chipless interactive textile electronics presents a promising pathway for overcoming these challenges and unlocking new possibilities in wearable technology.
基金financially by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(2022YFA1203001,2022YFA1203002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2321003,22335003,T2222005,22175042)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21511104900).
文摘Fiber strain sensors with robust sensing performance are indispensable for human-machine interactions in the electronic textiles.However,current fiber strain sensors are confronted with the challenges of unavoidable deterioration of functional sensing components during wearable and extreme environments,resulting in unsatisfactory stability and durability.Here,we present a robust fiber strain sensor based on the mutual inductance effect.The sensor is assembled by designing coaxial helical coils around an elastic polyurethane fiber.When stretching the fiber sensor,the strain is detected by recording the voltage changes in the helical coils due to the variation in magnetic flux.The resultant fiber strain sensor shows high linearity(with a linear regression coefficient of 0.99)at a large strain of 100%,and can withstand various extreme environmental conditions,such as high/low temperatures(from-30℃to 160℃),and severe deformations,such as twisting and pressing(with a pressure of 500 N/cm).The long-term cyclic stability of our fiber strain sensor(100,000 cycles at a strain of 100%)is superior to that of most reported flexible resistive and capacitive strain sensors.Finally,the mass-produced fiber strain sensors are woven into a smart textile system to accurately capture gestures.
文摘The advances in chemistry and materials have boosted the development of smart textiles,which are poised to revolutionize human lifestyles through multifunctional integration,such as heating,cooling,sensing and supplying energy^([1,2]).Among them,thermal insulation is an essential function of textiles to protect humans from complex and extreme environments and realize personal thermal management without energy con-sumption^([3]).
文摘Real-time and accurate monitoring of vital biomarkers in vivo forms a crucial foundation for health assessment,early intervention,and disease treatment.Specifically,continuous monitoring of intracranial nitric oxide(NO)levels plays a pivotal role in promptly assessing immune responses,neurovirulence,and cerebrovascular diseases[1].Differing from non-real-time monitoring methods like chemiluminescence[2]and fluorescent probes[3],implantable electrochemical sensors excel in simultaneously high temporal resolution,sensitivity,and cost-effectiveness[4].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(2163400351673043)+3 种基金Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0203302)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(17QA1400400)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)Yanchang Petroleum Group。
文摘Precise and continuous monitoring of biochemicals by biosensors assists to understand physiological functions for various diagnostics and therapeutic applications.For implanted biosensors,small size and flexibility are essential for minimizing tissue damage and achieving accurate detection.However,the active surface area of sensor decreases as the sensor becomes smaller,which will increase the impedance and decrease the signal to noise ratio,resulting in a poor detection limit.Taking advantages of local amplification effect,organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)constitute promising candidates for high-sensitive monitoring.However,their detections in deep tissues are rarely reported.Herein,we report a family of implantable,fiber-shaped all-in-one OECTs based on carbon nanotube fibers for versatile biochemical detection including H2O2,glucose,dopamine and glutamate.These fiber-shaped OECTs demonstrated high sensitivity,dynamical stability in physiological environment and antiinterference capability.After implantation in mouse brain,7-day dopamine monitoring in vivo was realized for the first time.These fiber-shaped OECTs could be great additions to the"life science"tool box and represent promising avenue for biomedical monitoring.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52073218, 22135005, 51873162, 51933006,51988102, 52122310, 22075050, 51833008, 51733006, 51733001,52122304)Jiangsu Province Science Foundation for Youths(BK20200241)+3 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (20JC1414902, 21511104900)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)the National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFA1201200) of Chinathe Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2020C01123)。
文摘Biomedical polymers have been extensively developed for promising applications in a lot of biomedical fields, such as therapeutic medicine delivery, disease detection and diagnosis, biosensing, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in the synthesis and application of biomedical polymers, and discuss the comprehensive understanding of their property-function relationship for corresponding biomedical applications. In particular, a few burgeoning bioactive polymers, such as peptide/biomembrane/microorganism/cell-based biomedical polymers, are also introduced and highlighted as the emerging biomaterials for cancer precision therapy. Furthermore, the foreseeable challenges and outlook of the development of more efficient, healthier and safer biomedical polymers are discussed. We wish this systemic and comprehensive review on highlighting frontier progress of biomedical polymers could inspire and promote new breakthrough in fundamental research and clinical translation.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 21376113, 51125011, and 51433001）, Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （No. BK20150238）, and the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘The soluble nature of polysulfide species created on the sulfur electrode has severely hampered the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries. Trapping and anchoring polysulfides are promising approaches for overcoming this issue. In this work, a mechanically robust, electrically conductive hybrid carbon aerogel （HCA） with aligned and interconnected pores was created and investigated as an interlayer for Li-S batteries. The hierarchical cross-linked networks constructed by graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes can act as an ＂internet＂ to capture the polysulfide, while the micro- and nano-pores inside the aerogel can facilitate quick penetration of the electrolyte and rapid transport of lithium ions. As advantages of the unique structure and excellent accommodation of the volume change of the active materials, a high specific capacity of 1,309 mAh.g-1 at 0.2 C was achieved for the assembled Li-S battery, coupled with good rate performance and long-term cycling stability （78% capacity retention after 600 cycles at 4 C）.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (2016YFA0203302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21634003, 51573027, 51673043, 21604012, 21805044 and 21875042)+1 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (16JC1400702, 17QA1400400, 18QA1400700 and 18QA1400800)SHMEC (2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)
文摘As an im portant branch of fiber-shaped energy storage devices, the fiber-shaped supercapacitor has been widely studied recently. However, it remains challenging to simultaneously achieve fast electron transport and excellent ion accessibility in one single fiber electrode of the fibershaped supercapacitor. Herein, a novel family of amphiphilic core-sheath structured carbon nanotube composite fibers has been developed and applied to the fiber-shaped supercapacitor to address the above challenge. The polyaniline-modified hydrophilic sheath of the composite fiber electrode effectively enhanced the electrochemical property via advancing ion accessibility, while Au-deposited hydrophobic core demonstrated improved electrical conductivity by fast electron supply. On the basis of a synergistic effect, a remarkable specific capacitance of 324 F cm^-3 at 0.5 A cm^-3 and greatly enhanced rate performance were achieved, i.e” a 79% retention (256 F cm 3) at 50 A cm^-3. The obtained fiber-shaped supercapacitor finally displayed remarkable energy and power densities of 7.2 mW h cm 3 and 10 W cm^-3, respectively. The strategy developed herein also presents a general pathway towards novel fiber electrodes for high-performance wearable devices.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0203302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21634003, 51573027, 51673043, 21604012, 21805044, 21875042, 11602058, and 11872150)+3 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (16JC1400702, 17QA1400400, 18QA1400700, and 18QA1400800)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)Shanghai Chenguang Program (16CG01)Yanchang Petroleum Group
文摘Mechanoluminescence has attracted increasing attentions because it can convert the kinetic energy during human daily motions into light to be used in sensors and displays. However, its practical applications are still hindered by the weak brightness and limited color while under large forces. Herein, we developed novel piezoluminescent devices(PLDs) which could effectively emit visible light under low pressing forces through the stress-concentration and enhancing deformation on the basis of carefully-designed array structures. The emitting colors were also tunable by using bilayer luminescent film under different pressures. This work not only provides a new strategy to effectively harvest mechanical energy into light,but also presents a scalable, low-cost and color-tunable PLD which shows great potentials in various applications such as luminescent floors, shoes and stress-activated displays.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFA0203302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875042,21634003,51573027 and 21975148)+6 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(16JC1400702 and 18QA1400800)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)the Program of Eastern Scholar at Shanghai Institutions and Yanchang Petroleum Group,the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(SBK20190810)Jiangsu Province High-Level Talents(JNHB-106)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M660128)the start-up supports of Soochow University and the Program for Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professorsthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘The electrocatalytic approach of converting carbon dioxide(CO2)to valuable chemical commodities and feedstocks provides a promising solution to store intermittent renewable electricity in a high-energy-density way and mitigate CO2 accumulation in atmosphere[1–3].Recently,the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR)has made remarkable progress in yielding C1 products(such as carbon monoxide(CO)[4–6]and formate(HCOO−)[7–9])with significantly high current densities and high Faradaic efficiencies(FEs).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0203302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21634003, 51573027, 51403038, 51673043, and 21604012)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (16JC1400702, 15XD1500400, and 15JC1490200)
文摘Due to the mechanical mismatch between conventional rigid electronic devices and soft tissues at nature,a lot of interests have been attracted to develop flexible bioelectronics that work well both in vitro and in vivo. To this end, polymers that can be used for both key components and substrates are indispensable to achieve high performances such as high sensitivity and long-term stability for sensing applications.Here we will summarize the recent advances on the synthesis of a variety of polymers, the design of typical architectures and the integration of different functions for the flexible bioelectronic devices. The remaining challenges and promising directions are highlighted to provide inspirations for the future study on the emerging flexible bioelectronics at end.
基金This work was supported by STCSM(20JC1414902,21511104900),SHMEC(2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(KLH1717008).
文摘The evolution of electronic systems towards small,flexible,portable and human-centered forms drives the demand for onbody power supplies with lightweight and high flexibility.Fiber solar cells that can be integrated into soft and lightweight textiles are considered as potential sustainable power sources for the next generation of wearable electronics.To this end,they have been extensively investigated in the past decade aiming to improve their photovoltaic performances,but there is still a big gap between the high-performance devices and real applications.Herein,the key advances of configurations,fabrications and performances of fiber solar cells are highlighted and analyzed.Based on the current progress,the latest ideas with regard to the remaining challenges and opportunities beyond the reach of the previous studies are presented.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875042)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (18QA1400800)+1 种基金the Program of Eastern Scholar at Shanghai Institutions and Yanchang Petroleum Groupsupported by the Frontier Research Center for Materials Structure, School of Materials Science and Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
文摘Among all CO2 electroreduction products,methane(CH4)and ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))are two typical and valuable hydrocarbon products which are formed in two different pathways:hydrogenation and dimerization reactions of the same CO intermediate.Theoretical studies show that the adsorption configurations of CO intermediate determine the reaction pathways towards CH4/C_(2)H_(4).However,it is challenging to experimentally control the CO adsorption configurations at the catalyst surface,and thus the hydrocarbon selectivity is still limited.Herein,we seek to synthesize two well-defined copper nanocatalysts with controllable surface structures.The two model catalysts exhibit a high hydrocarbon selectivity toward either CH4(83%)or C_(2)H_(4)(93%)under identical reduction conditions.Scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy characterizations reveal the low-coordination Cu^(0)sites and local Cu^(0)/Cu^(+)sites of the two catalysts,respectively.CO-temperature programed desorption,in-situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory studies unveil that the bridge-adsorbed CO(CO_(B))on the low-coordination Cu^(0)sites is apt to be hydrogenated to CH4,whereas the bridge-adsorbed CO plus linear-adsorbed CO(CO_(B)+CO_(L))on the local Cu^(0)/Cu^(+)sites are apt to be coupled to C_(2)H_(4).Our findings pave a new way to design catalysts with controllable CO adsorption configurations for high hydrocarbon product selectivity.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFA0203302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875042,21634003,51573027 and 11227902)+3 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(16JC1400702 and 18QA1400800)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017-01-07-00-07-E00062)Yanchang Petroleum Groupthe Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning。
文摘Developing efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under neutral conditions is important for microbial electrolysis cells(MECs).However,the OER kinetics in neutral electrolytes at present are extremely sluggish,resulting in high overpotentials that greatly limit the energy conversion efficiencies of MECs.Previous studies failed to probe the adsorbates on surface metal sites of catalysts at the atomic scale and elucidate their influence on the catalytic activities,which has impeded the rational design of efficient neutral OER catalysts with optimal surface structures.Here,using in situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM),in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and in situ low-energy ion scattering studies,we have identified,for the first time,that the electrochemically activated adsorbates on surface metal sites play a critical role in boosting the neutral OER activities of Ru-Ir binary oxide(RuxIryO2)catalysts.The adsorbate-activated RuxIryO2on a glassy carbon electrode achieved a low overpotential of 324 m V at10 m A cm-2in neutral electrolyte,with a 36-fold improvement in turnover frequency compared with that of Ir O2benchmark.Upon application in an MEC system,the resulting full cell showed a decreased voltage of 1.8 V,200 m V lower than the best value reported to date,facilitating efficient synthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)from bioelectrochemical CO2reduction.Density functional theory(DFT)studies revealed that the enhanced OER activity of RuxIryO2catalyst arose from local structural distortion of adjacent adsorbate-covered Ru octahedra at the catalyst surface and the consequently decreased adsorption energies of OER intermediates on Ir active center.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.52122310 and 22075050)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(STCSM,Nos.21511104900 and 20JC1414902)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF,Nos.VLH1717003,KLH1717015)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2018SHZDZX01)ZJ Lab,and Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology.
文摘Fiber organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)have received extensive attention in wearable and implantable biosensors because of their high flexibility and low working voltage.However,the transconductance of fiber OECTs is much lower compared with the planar counterparts,leading to low sensitivity.Here,we developed fiber OECTs in a coaxial configuration with microscale channel length to achieve the highest transconductance of 135 mS,which is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art fiber OECTs.Coaxial fiber OECT based sensors showed high sensitivities of 12.78,20.53 and 3.78 mA/decade to ascorbic acid,hydrogen peroxide and glucose,respectively.These fiber OECTs were woven into a fabric to monitor the glucose in sweat during exercise and implanted in mouse brain to detect ascorbic acid.This coaxial architectural design offers an effective way to promote the performance of fiber OECTs and realize highly sensitive detection of biochemicals.
基金This work was supported by MOST(2016YFA0203302).
文摘Cooling is pervasive in modern society and contributes signifcantly to global energy use.A hierarchical-morphology metafabric has been recently reported to show efcient passive daytime radiative cooling ability and may be also easily scaled up by industrial textile manufacturing technology.The above study represents an important advance in personal thermal management through the use of intelligent garments.
