BACKGROUND Anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)-positive large B-cell lymphoma(LBCL)is an aggressive and rare variant of diffuse LBCL.Herein,we report an uncommon case of stage IE extranodal ALK-positive LBCL initially ori...BACKGROUND Anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)-positive large B-cell lymphoma(LBCL)is an aggressive and rare variant of diffuse LBCL.Herein,we report an uncommon case of stage IE extranodal ALK-positive LBCL initially originating in the bulbar con-junctiva.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old woman presented with a mass in the left bulbar conjunctiva that had persisted for six months,accompanied by swelling and pain that had per-sisted for 3 d.Eye examination revealed an 8 mm slightly elevated pink mass in the lower conjunctival sac of the left eye.Microscopically,the tumor was com-posed of large immunoblastic and plasmablastic large lymphoid cells with scattered anaplastic or multinucleated large cells.Immunophenotypically,the neoplastic cells were positive for ALK,CD10,CD138,Kappa,MUM1,BOB.1,OCT-2,CD4,CD45,EMA,CD79a,CD38,and AE1/AE3,and negative for CD20,PAX5,Lambda,BCL6,CD30 and all other T-cell antigens.The results of gene rearrangement tests showed monoclonal IGH/IGK/IGL and TCRD rearran-gements.Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies did not reveal any BCL2,BCL6 or MYC rearrangements.Furthermore,Epstein-Barr virus was not detected by in situ hybridization in the lesions.Based on the histopathological and imaging examinations,the neoplasm was classified as stage IE ALK-positive LBCL.No further treatments were administered.At the 6,15,and 21 mo postoperative follow-up visits,the patient was in good condition,without obvious discomfort.This case represents the first example of primary extranodal ALK-positive LBCL presenting as a bulbar conjunctival mass,which is extremely rare and shares morphological and immunohistochemical features with a variety of other neo-plasms that can result in misdiagnosis.CONCLUSION Awareness of the condition presented in this case report is necessary for early and accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic solid and cystic(ESC)renal cell carcinoma(RCC),a unique and emerging subtype of RCC,has an indolent nature;in some rare instances,it may exhibit metastatic potential.Current cases are inadequat...BACKGROUND Eosinophilic solid and cystic(ESC)renal cell carcinoma(RCC),a unique and emerging subtype of RCC,has an indolent nature;in some rare instances,it may exhibit metastatic potential.Current cases are inadequate to precisely predict the clinical outcome of ESC RCC and determine treatment choices.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report two patients with ESC RCC.Patient 1 was a young woman with classical pathological characteristics.Patient 2 was a 52-year-old man with multifocal metastases,involving the pulmonary hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes,liver,brain,mesosternum,vertebra,rib,femur,and symphysis pubis.Awareness of ESC RCC,along with its characteristic architecture and immunophenotype,would contribute to making a definitive diagnosis,even on core biopsy samples.CONCLUSION The discovery of ESC RCC molecular signatures may provide new therapeutic strategies in the future.展开更多
Objective Chronic renal failure(CRF)is a worldwide public health burden.Niaoduqing granules(NDQ)is widely used for CRF treatment in China.However,the underlying mechanism of NDQ is not fully studied.This study is aime...Objective Chronic renal failure(CRF)is a worldwide public health burden.Niaoduqing granules(NDQ)is widely used for CRF treatment in China.However,the underlying mechanism of NDQ is not fully studied.This study is aimed to investigate whether NDQ ameliorate CRF by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced EMT in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells.Methods 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylterazolium bromide assay and colony formation assay were used to investigate the cytotoxicity of NDQ in HK-2 cells.Morphological changes of HK-2 cells after TGF-β1 or/and NDQ treatment were observed under a microscope.Wound-healing,migration and invasion assays were performed to determine the cell movement,migratory and invasive abilities,respectively.Western blot analysis was carried out to examine the protein levels of TGF-βreceptor I(TβRI)and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated factors.Fluorescence confocal microscopy was applied to observe the organization of filamentous actin.Results NDQ suppressed TβRI expression dose-dependently.NDQ inhibited TGF-β1-stimulated EMT in HK-2 cells,supported by the evidences that NDQ prevented morphology change,attenuated cell migration and invasion,downregulated EMT factors and reorganized filamentous actin distribution in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells.Conclusions NDQ attenuates chronic renal failure which may be associated with inhibition of TβRI expression and EMT process.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)-positive large B-cell lymphoma(LBCL)is an aggressive and rare variant of diffuse LBCL.Herein,we report an uncommon case of stage IE extranodal ALK-positive LBCL initially originating in the bulbar con-junctiva.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old woman presented with a mass in the left bulbar conjunctiva that had persisted for six months,accompanied by swelling and pain that had per-sisted for 3 d.Eye examination revealed an 8 mm slightly elevated pink mass in the lower conjunctival sac of the left eye.Microscopically,the tumor was com-posed of large immunoblastic and plasmablastic large lymphoid cells with scattered anaplastic or multinucleated large cells.Immunophenotypically,the neoplastic cells were positive for ALK,CD10,CD138,Kappa,MUM1,BOB.1,OCT-2,CD4,CD45,EMA,CD79a,CD38,and AE1/AE3,and negative for CD20,PAX5,Lambda,BCL6,CD30 and all other T-cell antigens.The results of gene rearrangement tests showed monoclonal IGH/IGK/IGL and TCRD rearran-gements.Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies did not reveal any BCL2,BCL6 or MYC rearrangements.Furthermore,Epstein-Barr virus was not detected by in situ hybridization in the lesions.Based on the histopathological and imaging examinations,the neoplasm was classified as stage IE ALK-positive LBCL.No further treatments were administered.At the 6,15,and 21 mo postoperative follow-up visits,the patient was in good condition,without obvious discomfort.This case represents the first example of primary extranodal ALK-positive LBCL presenting as a bulbar conjunctival mass,which is extremely rare and shares morphological and immunohistochemical features with a variety of other neo-plasms that can result in misdiagnosis.CONCLUSION Awareness of the condition presented in this case report is necessary for early and accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Eosinophilic solid and cystic(ESC)renal cell carcinoma(RCC),a unique and emerging subtype of RCC,has an indolent nature;in some rare instances,it may exhibit metastatic potential.Current cases are inadequate to precisely predict the clinical outcome of ESC RCC and determine treatment choices.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report two patients with ESC RCC.Patient 1 was a young woman with classical pathological characteristics.Patient 2 was a 52-year-old man with multifocal metastases,involving the pulmonary hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes,liver,brain,mesosternum,vertebra,rib,femur,and symphysis pubis.Awareness of ESC RCC,along with its characteristic architecture and immunophenotype,would contribute to making a definitive diagnosis,even on core biopsy samples.CONCLUSION The discovery of ESC RCC molecular signatures may provide new therapeutic strategies in the future.
基金This work was supported by the Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(GDHVPS2018)the National Hong Kong Scholars program(XJ2016059)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515011239)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(202102021241)the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province(20211253)and the Guangzhou Consun Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd..These funding bodies played no role in the design of the study,collection,analysis and interpretation of data,and in writing the manuscript.
文摘Objective Chronic renal failure(CRF)is a worldwide public health burden.Niaoduqing granules(NDQ)is widely used for CRF treatment in China.However,the underlying mechanism of NDQ is not fully studied.This study is aimed to investigate whether NDQ ameliorate CRF by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced EMT in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells.Methods 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylterazolium bromide assay and colony formation assay were used to investigate the cytotoxicity of NDQ in HK-2 cells.Morphological changes of HK-2 cells after TGF-β1 or/and NDQ treatment were observed under a microscope.Wound-healing,migration and invasion assays were performed to determine the cell movement,migratory and invasive abilities,respectively.Western blot analysis was carried out to examine the protein levels of TGF-βreceptor I(TβRI)and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated factors.Fluorescence confocal microscopy was applied to observe the organization of filamentous actin.Results NDQ suppressed TβRI expression dose-dependently.NDQ inhibited TGF-β1-stimulated EMT in HK-2 cells,supported by the evidences that NDQ prevented morphology change,attenuated cell migration and invasion,downregulated EMT factors and reorganized filamentous actin distribution in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells.Conclusions NDQ attenuates chronic renal failure which may be associated with inhibition of TβRI expression and EMT process.
