Calcium influx into neurons triggers neuronal death during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Various calcium channels are involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 channel is a main subtype of T-type ...Calcium influx into neurons triggers neuronal death during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Various calcium channels are involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 channel is a main subtype of T-type calcium channels.T-type calcium channel blockers,such as pimozide and mibefradil,have been shown to prevent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced brain injury.However,the role of Cav3.2 channels in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear.Here,in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established using middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice and high glucose hypoxia/reoxygenation exposure in primary hippocampal neurons.The results showed that Cav3.2 expression was significantly upregulated in injured hippocampal tissue and primary hippocampal neurons.We further established a Cav3.2 gene-knockout mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 knockout markedly reduced infarct volume and brain water content,and alleviated neurological dysfunction after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Additionally,Cav3.2 knockout attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress,inflammatory response,and neuronal apoptosis.In the hippocampus of Cav3.2-knockout mice,calcineurin overexpression offset the beneficial effect of Cav3.2 knockout after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These findings suggest that the neuroprotective function of Cav3.2 knockout is mediated by calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signaling.Findings from this study suggest that Cav3.2 could be a promising target for treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.展开更多
A series of BiOBr@biomass carbon derived from locust leaves materials(BiOBr@BC)were fabricated and the photocatalytic property was investigated for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB)under visible light.The...A series of BiOBr@biomass carbon derived from locust leaves materials(BiOBr@BC)were fabricated and the photocatalytic property was investigated for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB)under visible light.The morphology,structure and photoelectrochemical properties of the photocatalysts were characterized by means of SEM,TEM,XRD,XPS,FT-IR,BET,PL,UV-vis/DRS,and EIS techniques.The results showed that the introduction of BC significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity.When the content of biomass carbon(BC)in a composite is 3%(based on the mass of BiOBr),the obtained BiOBr@BC-3 exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity,degrading 99%of RhB within 20 min.The excellent degradation efficiency after the introduction of BC can be attributed to the enhanced visible light absorption,narrower band gap,and fast electron-hole pair separation rate.The photocatalytic mechanism on the degradation of RhB was illustrated based on the radicals'trapping experiments and semiconductor energy band position.The proposed material is expected to be of significant application value in the field of wastewater treatment.展开更多
Optical imaging systems have greatly extended human visual capabilities,enabling the observation and understanding of diverse phenomena.Imaging technologies span a broad spectrum of wavelengths from x-ray to radio fre...Optical imaging systems have greatly extended human visual capabilities,enabling the observation and understanding of diverse phenomena.Imaging technologies span a broad spectrum of wavelengths from x-ray to radio frequencies and impact research activities and our daily lives.Traditional glass lenses are fabricated through a series of complex processes,while polymers offer versatility and ease of production.However,modern applications often require complex lens assemblies,driving the need for miniaturization and advanced designs with micro-and nanoscale features to surpass the capabilities of traditional fabrication methods.Three-dimensional(3D)printing,or additive manufacturing,presents a solution to these challenges with benefits of rapid prototyping,customized geometries,and efficient production,particularly suited for miniaturized optical imaging devices.Various 3D printing methods have demonstrated advantages over traditional counterparts,yet challenges remain in achieving nanoscale resolutions.Two-photon polymerization lithography(TPL),a nanoscale 3D printing technique,enables the fabrication of intricate structures beyond the optical diffraction limit via the nonlinear process of two-photon absorption within liquid resin.It offers unprecedented abilities,e.g.alignment-free fabrication,micro-and nanoscale capabilities,and rapid prototyping of almost arbitrary complex 3D nanostructures.In this review,we emphasize the importance of the criteria for optical performance evaluation of imaging devices,discuss material properties relevant to TPL,fabrication techniques,and highlight the application of TPL in optical imaging.As the first panoramic review on this topic,it will equip researchers with foundational knowledge and recent advancements of TPL for imaging optics,promoting a deeper understanding of the field.By leveraging on its high-resolution capability,extensive material range,and true 3D processing,alongside advances in materials,fabrication,and design,we envisage disruptive solutions to current challenges and a promising incorporation of TPL in future optical imaging applications.展开更多
The Medium-Resolution Spectral Imager-Ⅱ(MERSI-Ⅱ)instrument aboard China’s Fengyun-3D satellite shares similarities with NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)sensor,enabling the retrieval of g...The Medium-Resolution Spectral Imager-Ⅱ(MERSI-Ⅱ)instrument aboard China’s Fengyun-3D satellite shares similarities with NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)sensor,enabling the retrieval of global aerosol optical depth(AOD).However,no officially released operational MERSI-Ⅱ aerosol products currently exist over the ocean.This study focuses on adapting the MODIS dark target(DT)ocean algorithm to the MERSI-Ⅱ sensor.A retrieval test is conducted on the 2019 MERSI-Ⅱ data over the global ocean,and the retrieved AODs are validated against ground-based measurements from the automatic Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET)and the shipborne Maritime Aerosol Network(MAN).The operational MODIS DT aerosol products are also used for comparison purposes.The results show that MERSI-Ⅱ AOD granule retrievals are in good agreement with MODIS products,boasting high correlation coefficients(R)of up to 0.96 and consistent spatial distribution trends.Furthermore,the MERSI-Ⅱ retrievals perform well in comparison to AERONET and MAN measurements,with high R-values(>0.86).However,the low-value retrievals from MERSI-Ⅱ tend to be slightly overestimated compared to MODIS,despite both AODs displaying a positive bias.Notably,the monthly gridded AODs over the high latitudes of the northern and southern hemispheres suggest that MERSI-Ⅱ exhibits greater stability in space and time,effectively reducing unrealistically high-value noise in the MODIS products.These results illustrate that the MERSI-Ⅱ retrievals meet specific accuracy requirements by maintaining the algorithmic framework and most of the algorithmic assumptions,providing a crucial data supplement for aerosol studies and climate change.展开更多
From the perspective of linguistic musicology,this paper discusses the musical features of Yulinling:Farewell in Autumn,a representative work of Yong Liu,a famous lyricist of the Song Dynasty.Through a systematic anal...From the perspective of linguistic musicology,this paper discusses the musical features of Yulinling:Farewell in Autumn,a representative work of Yong Liu,a famous lyricist of the Song Dynasty.Through a systematic analysis of the core elements of the poem,such as rhyme,timbre,key,and rhythm,it reveals the intrinsic connection between poetry and music and proposes a new way of thinking about the modern interpretation of ancient poetic songs.This paper not only enriches the understanding of Yong Liu’s works but also provides new theoretical support for modern music education of classical poetry.In addition,this paper explores the practical application value of poetic musicality analysis in cultural inheritance and modern adaptation of classical poems,providing new insights into the contemporary inheritance of cultural heritage.展开更多
Ultrathin flat metalenses have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional diffractive lenses,offering new possibilities for myriads of miniaturization and interfacial applications.Graphene-based materials can a...Ultrathin flat metalenses have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional diffractive lenses,offering new possibilities for myriads of miniaturization and interfacial applications.Graphene-based materials can achieve both phase and amplitude modulations simultaneously at a single position due to the modification of the complex refractive index and thickness by laser conversion from graphene oxide into graphene like materials.In this work,we develop graphene oxide metalenses to precisely control phase and amplitude modulations and to achieve a holistic and systematic lens design based on a graphene-based material system.We experimentally validate our strategies via demonstrations of two graphene oxide metalenses:one with an ultra-long(~16λ)optical needle,and the other with axial multifocal spots,at the wavelength of 632.8 nm with a 200 nm thin film.Our proposed graphene oxide metalenses unfold unprecedented opportunities for accurately designing graphene-based ultrathin integratable devices for broad applications.展开更多
Although advanced anode materials for the lithium-ion battery have been investigated for decades,a reliable,high-capacity,and durable material that can enable a fast charge remains elusive.Herein,we report that a meta...Although advanced anode materials for the lithium-ion battery have been investigated for decades,a reliable,high-capacity,and durable material that can enable a fast charge remains elusive.Herein,we report that a metal phosphorous trichalcogenide of MnPS_(3)(manganese phosphorus trisulfide),endowed with a unique and layered van der Waals structure,is highly beneficial for the fast insertion/extraction of alkali metal ions and can facilitate changes in the buffer volume during cycles with robust structural stability.The few-layered MnPS_(3)anodes displayed the desirable specific capacity and excellent rate chargeability owing to their good electronic and ionic conductivities.When assembled as a half-cell lithium-ion battery,a high reversible capacity of 380 mA h g^(−1)was maintained by the MnPS_(3)after 3000 cycles at a high current density of 4 A g^(−1),with a capacity retention of close to or above 100%.In full-cell testing,a reversible capacity of 450 mA h g^(−1)after 200 cycles was maintained as well.The results of in-situ TEM revealed that MnPS_(3)nanoflakes maintained a high structural integrity without exhibiting any pulverization after undergoing large volumetric expansion for the insertion of a large number of lithium ions.Their kinetics of lithium-ion diffusion,stable structure,and high pseudocapacitance contributed to their comprehensive performance,for example,a high specific capacity,rapid charge-discharge,and long cyclability.MnPS_(3)is thus an efficient anode for the next generation of batteries with a fast charge/discharge capability.展开更多
Layered rock strata are observed to be common during the excavation of tunnels or cavities,and may significantly affect the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock masses due to various complex for...Layered rock strata are observed to be common during the excavation of tunnels or cavities,and may significantly affect the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock masses due to various complex forms and mechanical properties.In this paper,we propose a three-dimensional axisymmetric velocity field for roof collapse of shallow cavities in multi rock layers,by considering the influences of roof cross-section shapes,supporting pressure,ground overload,etc.The internal energy dissipation rate and work rates of external forces corresponding to the velocity field are computed by employing the Hoek-Brown strength criterion and its associated flow rule.Further,the equations of the collapse surfaces and the corresponding weight of collapsing rock masses are derived on the basis of upper bound theorem.Furthermore,we validate the proposed method by comparing the results of numerical calculations and existing research findings.The change laws of the collapse range under varying parameters are obtained for the presence of rectangular and spherical cavities.We also find that the three-dimensional mechanism is relatively safer for engineering designing actually,compared with the traditional two-dimensional mechanism.All these conclusions may provide workable guidelines for the support design of shallow cavities in layered rock strata practically.展开更多
Integrating micro-optical components at the end facet of an optical fiber enables compact optics to shape the output beam(e.g.collimating,focusing,and coupling to free space elements or photonic integrated circuits).H...Integrating micro-optical components at the end facet of an optical fiber enables compact optics to shape the output beam(e.g.collimating,focusing,and coupling to free space elements or photonic integrated circuits).However,the scalability of this approach is a longstanding challenge as these components must be aligned onto individual fiber facets.In this paper,we propose a socket that enables easy slotting of fibers,self-alignment,and coupling onto micro-optical components.This integrated socket can be detached from the substrate upon fiber insertion to create a stand-alone optical system.Fabrication is done using nanoscale 3D printing via two-photon polymerization lithography onto glass substrates,which allows multiple sockets to be patterned in a single print.We investigated variations in socket design and evaluated the performance of optical elements for telecom wavelengths.We obtained an alignment accuracy of∼3.5μm.These socket designs can be customized for high efficiency chip to fiber coupling and extended to other spectral ranges for free-form optics.展开更多
Atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations are soaring due to the continued use of fossil fuels in energy production,an anthropogenic activity that is playing a leading role in global warming.Thus,research aimed at the capture ...Atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations are soaring due to the continued use of fossil fuels in energy production,an anthropogenic activity that is playing a leading role in global warming.Thus,research aimed at the capture and conversion of CO_(2)into value-added products,such as cyclic carbonates,is booming.While CO_(2)is an abundant,cheap,non-toxic,and readily accessible Cl feedstock,its thermodynamic stability necessitates the development of highly efficient catalysts that are able to promote chemical reactions under mild conditions.In this work,a novel mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)with dual active sites was synthesized through a facile method that involves co-polymerization,post-synthetic metalation,and supercritical CO_(2)drying.Due to a high density of nucleophilic and electrophilic sites,the as-prepared poly(ionic liquid),denoted as P2D-4BrBQA-Zn,offers excellent performance in a CO_(2)cycloaddition reaction using epichlorohydrin as the substrate(98.9%conversion and 96.9%selectivity).Moreover the reaction is carried out under mild,solvent-free,and additive-free conditions.Notably,P2D-4BrBQA-Zn also efficiently promotes the conversion of various other epoxide substrates into cyclic carbonates.Overall,the catalyst is found to have excellent substrate compatibility,stability,and recyclability.展开更多
Objective Previous studies have proven that cumulative smoking dose predicts the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between smokin...Objective Previous studies have proven that cumulative smoking dose predicts the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between smoking-related factors and EGFR mutation status. Methods Samples were collected from 195 smokers with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection and the presence of EGFR mutations(exons 19 and 21) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results EGFR gene mutations were present in 33(16.9%) patients who were smokers; the patients were divided into three groups according to the smoking index(SI). The incidence of EGFR mutations decreased from 38.9% in mild smokers to 8.1% in severe smokers(P = 0.001). Compared to daily smoking dose(P = 0.547), initial smoking age(P = 0.085) and duration of smoking history had a larger effect on EGFR mutation status(P = 0.002).Conclusion Although there is a decrease in the incidence of mutations with increasing SI, there were still around 17% of smokers with NSCLC that harbored EGFR mutations, so it is necessary to test for EGFR mutation status in smokers with NSCLC.展开更多
In a blowing sand system,the wind provides the driving forces for the particle movement while the moving particles exert the opposite forces to the wind by extracting its momentum.The wind-sand interaction that can be...In a blowing sand system,the wind provides the driving forces for the particle movement while the moving particles exert the opposite forces to the wind by extracting its momentum.The wind-sand interaction that can be characterized by shear stress and force exerted on the wind by moving particles results in the modification of wind profiles.Detailed wind pro-files re-adapted to blown sand movement are measured in a wind tunnel for different grain size populations and at differ-ent free-stream wind velocities.The shear stress with a blowing sand cloud and force exerted on the wind by moving par-ticles are calculated from the measured wind velocity profiles.The results suggest that the wind profiles with presence of blowing sand cloud assume convex-upward curves on the u(z)-ln(z) plot compared with the straight lines characterizing the velocity profiles of clean wind,and they can be better fitted by power function than log-linear function.The exponent of the power function ranging from 0.1 to 0.17 tends to increase with an increase in wind velocity but decrease with an increase in particle size.The force per unit volume exerted on the wind by blown sand drift that is calculated based on the empirical power functions for the wind velocity profiles is found to decrease with height.The particle-induced force makes the total shear stress with blowing sand cloud partitioned into air-borne stress that results from the wind velocity gradient and grain-borne stress that results from the upward or downward movement of particles.The air-borne stress in-creases with an increase in height,while the grain-borne stress decreases with an increase in height.The air-borne shear stress at the top of sand cloud layer increases with both wind velocity and grain size,implying that it increases with sand transport rate for a given grain size.The shear stress with a blowing sand cloud is also closely related to the sand transport rate.Both the total shear stress and grain-borne stress on the grain top is directly proportional to the square root of sand transport rate.So,the profound effect of the moving particles on the airflow must be considered in modeling the blown sand movement.With the presence of sand movement,the boundary layer with a blowing sand cloud is no longer a con-stant air shear layer.展开更多
The exploitation of proper electron transport layers(ETLs)and interface optimization can play a pivotal role to promote the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).In this work,low temperature processable tin oxide(S...The exploitation of proper electron transport layers(ETLs)and interface optimization can play a pivotal role to promote the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).In this work,low temperature processable tin oxide(SnO_(2))colloidal nanoparticles with ethanolamine(EA)treatment are successfully employed for efficient and stable OSCs with light soaking free.The EA is chemically bonded with SnO_(2),and the ethanolamine treated tin oxide(E-SnO_(2))layer delivers a suitable work function of 4.10 eV and a unique surface texture with suspended polar moieties.The enhanced performance of E-SnO_(2) based OSCs can be attributed to the improved charge transport and electron extraction,which is correlated with the regulated energy level alignment and contact quality of E-SnO_(2)/active layer.As a result,considerable power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 10.30%,13.93%and 15.38%for PTB7-Th/PC_(71) BM,PM7/ITC6-4 F and PM6/Y6 based OSCs have been realized with E-SnO_(2) as ETL,respectively.Compared with ZnO based devices,the E-SnO_(2) based OSCs exhibit an improved light aging stability,which can retain 94.3%of their initial PCE of 15.38%after 100 h light aging for E-SnO_(2)/PM6/Y6 based OSCs.This work demonstrates that the enormous potential of E-SnO_(2) to serve as ETL for high-efficiency and stable OSCs.展开更多
The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries,i.e.specific capacity and cyclability,is primarily determined by chemical reversibility and structural stability of the electrodes in cycling.Here we have inves...The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries,i.e.specific capacity and cyclability,is primarily determined by chemical reversibility and structural stability of the electrodes in cycling.Here we have investigated the fundamental reaction behaviors of nickel sulfide(NixSy)as lithium-ion battery anodes by in-situ TEM.We find that Ni_(3)S_(2)is the electrochemically stable phase,which appears in the first cycle of the NixSyanode.From the second cycle,conversion between Ni_(3)S_(2)and Li_(2)S/Ni is the dominant electrochemical reaction.In lithiation,the NixSynanoparticles evolve into a mixture of Ni nanocrystals embedded in Li_(2)S matrix,which form a porous structure upon full lithiation,and with the recrystallization of the Ni_(3)S_(2)phase in delithiation,a compact and interconnected network is built.Structural stability in cycles is susceptible to particle size and substrate restraint.Carbon substrate can certainly improve the tolerance for size-dependent pulverization of NixSynanoparticles.When NixSynanoparticle exceeds the critical size value,the morphology of the particle is no longer well maintained even under the constraints of the carbon substrate.This work deepens the understanding of electrochemical reaction behavior of conversiontype materials and helps to rational design of high-energy density battery anodes.展开更多
The momentum profile of an aeolian saltation cloud is poorly understood. In this paper, height profiles for saltation momentum are reconstructed for three particle-size populations at four wind velocities based on pro...The momentum profile of an aeolian saltation cloud is poorly understood. In this paper, height profiles for saltation momentum are reconstructed for three particle-size populations at four wind velocities based on profiles for mean particle velocity and relative particle concentration of saltation cloud obtained using particle image velocimetry in a wind tunnel. The results suggest that the saltation momentum profiles are characterized by peak curves with a maximum at some height above the surface. The height of this maximum increases with increasing wind velocity, but decreases with increasing particle size. It is linearly correlated with average saltation height and is comparable with the results of numerical simulations in a previous study. Our results confirm that Bagnold’s kink is an important feature of wind velocity profiles modified by the presence of saltating particles and that the height of the kink is closely related to the average trajectories of the saltating particles.展开更多
Objective The present study attempted to evaluate the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in limiteddisease small cell lung cancer(LD-SCLC),and to identify the predictive value of the tumor regression grading(TRG) syste...Objective The present study attempted to evaluate the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in limiteddisease small cell lung cancer(LD-SCLC),and to identify the predictive value of the tumor regression grading(TRG) system in LD-SCLC treatment-response and prognosis.Methods The records of patients with LD-SCLC(p-Stage I–IIIa) who underwent definitive radical resection at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital between March 1,2000 and March 31,2014 were retrospectively analyzed.We compared the disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) rates between Group A patients(patients who underwent surgery combined with pre-and post-operative chemotherapy) and Group B patients(patients who underwent surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy only) using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Mantel-Cox test.The specimens of patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were reassessed according to the TRG system.Results The median DFS for 27 patients was 16.267 months and the median OS was 81.167 months(1-year OS,74.07%;3-year OS,22.22%;5-year OS,14.81%).Thirteen patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and their specimens were reassessed by TRG(pathological complete remission,3/13,23.08%).Patients in group A had a longer OS than those in group B(mean,93.782 months versus 42.322 months,P = 0.025),although there was no significant difference in DFS between the two groups(median 20.100 months versus 14.667 months,P = 0.551).Statistical analysis revealed that TRG Grade(G) 0(mean,61.222 months) was associated with better OS than G1-2(mean,31.213 months)(P = 0.311).Conclusion Our study indicated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical resection may represent a feasible treatment method for patients with LD-SCLC.The TRG system may be a valuable prediction tool to assess neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic efficacy,especially in patients with G0 disease as determined by TRG;these patients may attain an improved survival benefit with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.展开更多
In uncertainty-based multidisciplinary design optimization(UBMDO),all reliability limitation factors are maintained due to minimize the cost target function.There are many reliability evaluation methods for reliabilit...In uncertainty-based multidisciplinary design optimization(UBMDO),all reliability limitation factors are maintained due to minimize the cost target function.There are many reliability evaluation methods for reliability limitation factors.The second-order reliability method(SORM)is a powerful most possible point(MPP)-based method.It can provide an accurate estimation of the failure probability of a highly nonlinear limit state function despite its large curvature.But the Hessian calculation is necessary in SORM,which results in a heavy computational cost.Recently,an efficient approximated second-order reliability method(ASORM)is proposed.The ASORM uses a quasi-Newton method to close to Hessian without the direct calculation of Hessian.To further improve the UBMDO efficiency,we also introduce the performance measure approach(PMA)and the sequential optimization and reliability assessment(SORA)strategy.To solve the optimization design problem of a turbine blade,the formula of MDO with ASORM under the SORA framework(MDO-ASORM-SORA)is proposed.展开更多
In the engineering.to ensure the quality and safety,it is necessary to carry out reliability analysis on it.When conducting reliability analysis in engineering.a 1arge rumber of small1 failure probability problems wil...In the engineering.to ensure the quality and safety,it is necessary to carry out reliability analysis on it.When conducting reliability analysis in engineering.a 1arge rumber of small1 failure probability problems will be encountered.For such problems,the traditional Monte Carlo method needs a 1ot of samples,and the calculation efficiency is extremely 1ow,while the subset sinmulation method can efficiently estimate the relLability index of the small failure probability problem with litle samples.Therefore,this paper takes the application of the subset simulation method in the reliability analysis of the small failure probability structure as the object,constructs the reliability analysis method of the single failure mode of the system and applies the method to a mathematical example and a single-story gate.Through the rigid frame example,it can be seen that this method is beneficial to improve the calculation efficiency and accuracy.展开更多
The embryonic mesoderm comprises heterogeneous cell subpopulations with distinct lineage biases.It is unclear whether a bias for the human hematopoietic lineage emerges at this early developmental stage.In this study,...The embryonic mesoderm comprises heterogeneous cell subpopulations with distinct lineage biases.It is unclear whether a bias for the human hematopoietic lineage emerges at this early developmental stage.In this study,we integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human mesoderm cells from embryonic stem cells and embryos,enabling us to identify and define the molecular features of human hematopoietic mesoderm(HM)cells biased towards hematopoietic lineages.We discovered that BMP4 plays an essential role in HM specification and can serve as a marker for HM cells.Mechanistically,BMP4 acts as a downstream target of HDAC1,which modulates the expression of BMP4 by deacetylating its enhancer.Inhibition of HDAC significantly enhances HM specification and promotes subsequent hematopoietic cell differentiation.In conclusion,our study identifies human HM cells and describes new mechanisms for human hematopoietic development.展开更多
With the fast generation of electronic waste(e-waste)and the increasing depletion of metal resources,“urban mining”that can selectively recover gold from secondary resources has attracted great interest.Construction...With the fast generation of electronic waste(e-waste)and the increasing depletion of metal resources,“urban mining”that can selectively recover gold from secondary resources has attracted great interest.Construction of materials with high extraction capacity and satisfying selectivity in complex aqueous-based matrices still remains challenging.Here,a novel metal-organic framework/polymer composite(Fe-BTC/poly(thioctic acid),denoted as Fe-BTC/pTA)has been newly synthesized and applied for selective gold recovery in different matrices(river water,seawater,and leaching solution of e-waste).Benefiting from the high specific surface area and suitable pore sizes as well as the rational design of active sites,the composite exhibits high adsorption capacity(920 mg/g),high removal efficiency(>99%),fast kinetics(below 0.1 ppb within 10 min),and good applicability in complex matrices,which are better than those of most reported sulfur-containing adsorbents.Solid-state metallic gold with high purity can be effectively enriched due to the high recyclability and long-term stability of the composite.The material after adsorption can be further applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for water remediation due to the in situ generated gold nanoparticles by the redox reaction between Au(III)ions and the S-containing groups in the composites.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China,No.2208085Y32Scientific Research Plan Project of Anhui Province of China,No.2022AH020076the Chen Xiao-Ping Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology of Hubei Province,No.CXPJJH12000005-07-115(all to CT).
文摘Calcium influx into neurons triggers neuronal death during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Various calcium channels are involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 channel is a main subtype of T-type calcium channels.T-type calcium channel blockers,such as pimozide and mibefradil,have been shown to prevent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced brain injury.However,the role of Cav3.2 channels in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear.Here,in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established using middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice and high glucose hypoxia/reoxygenation exposure in primary hippocampal neurons.The results showed that Cav3.2 expression was significantly upregulated in injured hippocampal tissue and primary hippocampal neurons.We further established a Cav3.2 gene-knockout mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 knockout markedly reduced infarct volume and brain water content,and alleviated neurological dysfunction after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Additionally,Cav3.2 knockout attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress,inflammatory response,and neuronal apoptosis.In the hippocampus of Cav3.2-knockout mice,calcineurin overexpression offset the beneficial effect of Cav3.2 knockout after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These findings suggest that the neuroprotective function of Cav3.2 knockout is mediated by calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signaling.Findings from this study suggest that Cav3.2 could be a promising target for treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51572185)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202203021211158 and 20210302123176)+1 种基金the Key Research&Development Program of Shanxi Province(Social Development,201903D321060)the Key Research&Development program of Shanxi Province(International Cooperation,201903D421079)for the financial support.
文摘A series of BiOBr@biomass carbon derived from locust leaves materials(BiOBr@BC)were fabricated and the photocatalytic property was investigated for photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB)under visible light.The morphology,structure and photoelectrochemical properties of the photocatalysts were characterized by means of SEM,TEM,XRD,XPS,FT-IR,BET,PL,UV-vis/DRS,and EIS techniques.The results showed that the introduction of BC significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity.When the content of biomass carbon(BC)in a composite is 3%(based on the mass of BiOBr),the obtained BiOBr@BC-3 exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity,degrading 99%of RhB within 20 min.The excellent degradation efficiency after the introduction of BC can be attributed to the enhanced visible light absorption,narrower band gap,and fast electron-hole pair separation rate.The photocatalytic mechanism on the degradation of RhB was illustrated based on the radicals'trapping experiments and semiconductor energy band position.The proposed material is expected to be of significant application value in the field of wastewater treatment.
基金support from the National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore, under its Competitive Research Programme Award NRF-CRP20-20170004 and NRF Investigatorship Award NRF-NRFI06-20200005MTC Programmatic Grant M21J9b0085, as well as the Lite-On Project RS-INDUS-00090+5 种基金support from Australian Research Council (DE220101085, DP220102152)grants from German Research Foundation (SCHM2655/15-1, SCHM2655/21-1)Lee-Lucas Chair in Physics and funding by the Australian Research Council DP220102152financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62275078)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China (Grant No. 2022JJ20020)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (Grant No. JCYJ20220530160405013)
文摘Optical imaging systems have greatly extended human visual capabilities,enabling the observation and understanding of diverse phenomena.Imaging technologies span a broad spectrum of wavelengths from x-ray to radio frequencies and impact research activities and our daily lives.Traditional glass lenses are fabricated through a series of complex processes,while polymers offer versatility and ease of production.However,modern applications often require complex lens assemblies,driving the need for miniaturization and advanced designs with micro-and nanoscale features to surpass the capabilities of traditional fabrication methods.Three-dimensional(3D)printing,or additive manufacturing,presents a solution to these challenges with benefits of rapid prototyping,customized geometries,and efficient production,particularly suited for miniaturized optical imaging devices.Various 3D printing methods have demonstrated advantages over traditional counterparts,yet challenges remain in achieving nanoscale resolutions.Two-photon polymerization lithography(TPL),a nanoscale 3D printing technique,enables the fabrication of intricate structures beyond the optical diffraction limit via the nonlinear process of two-photon absorption within liquid resin.It offers unprecedented abilities,e.g.alignment-free fabrication,micro-and nanoscale capabilities,and rapid prototyping of almost arbitrary complex 3D nanostructures.In this review,we emphasize the importance of the criteria for optical performance evaluation of imaging devices,discuss material properties relevant to TPL,fabrication techniques,and highlight the application of TPL in optical imaging.As the first panoramic review on this topic,it will equip researchers with foundational knowledge and recent advancements of TPL for imaging optics,promoting a deeper understanding of the field.By leveraging on its high-resolution capability,extensive material range,and true 3D processing,alongside advances in materials,fabrication,and design,we envisage disruptive solutions to current challenges and a promising incorporation of TPL in future optical imaging applications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42471424,41975036,and 42075132)the Fengyun Application Pioneering Project(Grant No.FY-APP024)+1 种基金the State Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China-Key projects of joint fund for regional innovation and development(Grant No.U22A20566)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Universities in Henan Province(Grant No.22IRTSTHN008).
文摘The Medium-Resolution Spectral Imager-Ⅱ(MERSI-Ⅱ)instrument aboard China’s Fengyun-3D satellite shares similarities with NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)sensor,enabling the retrieval of global aerosol optical depth(AOD).However,no officially released operational MERSI-Ⅱ aerosol products currently exist over the ocean.This study focuses on adapting the MODIS dark target(DT)ocean algorithm to the MERSI-Ⅱ sensor.A retrieval test is conducted on the 2019 MERSI-Ⅱ data over the global ocean,and the retrieved AODs are validated against ground-based measurements from the automatic Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET)and the shipborne Maritime Aerosol Network(MAN).The operational MODIS DT aerosol products are also used for comparison purposes.The results show that MERSI-Ⅱ AOD granule retrievals are in good agreement with MODIS products,boasting high correlation coefficients(R)of up to 0.96 and consistent spatial distribution trends.Furthermore,the MERSI-Ⅱ retrievals perform well in comparison to AERONET and MAN measurements,with high R-values(>0.86).However,the low-value retrievals from MERSI-Ⅱ tend to be slightly overestimated compared to MODIS,despite both AODs displaying a positive bias.Notably,the monthly gridded AODs over the high latitudes of the northern and southern hemispheres suggest that MERSI-Ⅱ exhibits greater stability in space and time,effectively reducing unrealistically high-value noise in the MODIS products.These results illustrate that the MERSI-Ⅱ retrievals meet specific accuracy requirements by maintaining the algorithmic framework and most of the algorithmic assumptions,providing a crucial data supplement for aerosol studies and climate change.
基金2021 Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Research Youth Fund Project“Research on Chinese Classical Poetry and Ballads”Phased Results Perspectives of Linguistic Musicology(1912-2012)(21YJC760077)。
文摘From the perspective of linguistic musicology,this paper discusses the musical features of Yulinling:Farewell in Autumn,a representative work of Yong Liu,a famous lyricist of the Song Dynasty.Through a systematic analysis of the core elements of the poem,such as rhyme,timbre,key,and rhythm,it reveals the intrinsic connection between poetry and music and proposes a new way of thinking about the modern interpretation of ancient poetic songs.This paper not only enriches the understanding of Yong Liu’s works but also provides new theoretical support for modern music education of classical poetry.In addition,this paper explores the practical application value of poetic musicality analysis in cultural inheritance and modern adaptation of classical poems,providing new insights into the contemporary inheritance of cultural heritage.
基金Hongtao Wang acknowledges the support from National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB0403602)China Scholarship Council.Baohua Jia acknowledges the support from the Australian Research Council through the Discovery Projects(DP150102972,DP190103186)+5 种基金the Industrial Transformation Training Centres scheme(Grant No.IC180100005)support from Defence Science Institute(DSI)and Defence Science and Technology Group(DSTG).C.W.Q.acknowledges the support from the National Research Foundation,Prime Minister’s Office,Singapore,under its Competitive Research Programme(CRP award NRF CRP22-2019-0006)Advanced Research and Technology Innovation Centre(ARTIC)under the grant(R-261-518-004-720)A STAR under Advanced Manufacturing and Engineering(AME)Individual Research Grant(IRG A2083c0060)Tian Lan acknowledges National Key Basic Research Program 973 Project(2013CB329202)National Major Scientific Instruments and Equipments Development Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61827814).
文摘Ultrathin flat metalenses have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional diffractive lenses,offering new possibilities for myriads of miniaturization and interfacial applications.Graphene-based materials can achieve both phase and amplitude modulations simultaneously at a single position due to the modification of the complex refractive index and thickness by laser conversion from graphene oxide into graphene like materials.In this work,we develop graphene oxide metalenses to precisely control phase and amplitude modulations and to achieve a holistic and systematic lens design based on a graphene-based material system.We experimentally validate our strategies via demonstrations of two graphene oxide metalenses:one with an ultra-long(~16λ)optical needle,and the other with axial multifocal spots,at the wavelength of 632.8 nm with a 200 nm thin film.Our proposed graphene oxide metalenses unfold unprecedented opportunities for accurately designing graphene-based ultrathin integratable devices for broad applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:11902185,11972219,U21A2086National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2020YFB0704503+1 种基金Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST,Grant/Award Number:2019QNRC001Shanghai Sailing Program,Grant/Award Number:19YF1415100。
文摘Although advanced anode materials for the lithium-ion battery have been investigated for decades,a reliable,high-capacity,and durable material that can enable a fast charge remains elusive.Herein,we report that a metal phosphorous trichalcogenide of MnPS_(3)(manganese phosphorus trisulfide),endowed with a unique and layered van der Waals structure,is highly beneficial for the fast insertion/extraction of alkali metal ions and can facilitate changes in the buffer volume during cycles with robust structural stability.The few-layered MnPS_(3)anodes displayed the desirable specific capacity and excellent rate chargeability owing to their good electronic and ionic conductivities.When assembled as a half-cell lithium-ion battery,a high reversible capacity of 380 mA h g^(−1)was maintained by the MnPS_(3)after 3000 cycles at a high current density of 4 A g^(−1),with a capacity retention of close to or above 100%.In full-cell testing,a reversible capacity of 450 mA h g^(−1)after 200 cycles was maintained as well.The results of in-situ TEM revealed that MnPS_(3)nanoflakes maintained a high structural integrity without exhibiting any pulverization after undergoing large volumetric expansion for the insertion of a large number of lithium ions.Their kinetics of lithium-ion diffusion,stable structure,and high pseudocapacitance contributed to their comprehensive performance,for example,a high specific capacity,rapid charge-discharge,and long cyclability.MnPS_(3)is thus an efficient anode for the next generation of batteries with a fast charge/discharge capability.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51704177,51809159)A Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program(No.J16LG04)+2 种基金Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering(No.Z018005)Shandong Co-Innovation Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Structures(No.XTP201911)the Doctoral Research Fund of Shandong Jianzhu University(No.XNBS1501).
文摘Layered rock strata are observed to be common during the excavation of tunnels or cavities,and may significantly affect the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock masses due to various complex forms and mechanical properties.In this paper,we propose a three-dimensional axisymmetric velocity field for roof collapse of shallow cavities in multi rock layers,by considering the influences of roof cross-section shapes,supporting pressure,ground overload,etc.The internal energy dissipation rate and work rates of external forces corresponding to the velocity field are computed by employing the Hoek-Brown strength criterion and its associated flow rule.Further,the equations of the collapse surfaces and the corresponding weight of collapsing rock masses are derived on the basis of upper bound theorem.Furthermore,we validate the proposed method by comparing the results of numerical calculations and existing research findings.The change laws of the collapse range under varying parameters are obtained for the presence of rectangular and spherical cavities.We also find that the three-dimensional mechanism is relatively safer for engineering designing actually,compared with the traditional two-dimensional mechanism.All these conclusions may provide workable guidelines for the support design of shallow cavities in layered rock strata practically.
基金funded by Singapore University of Technology and Design(SUTD)—Temasek Lab through the grant IGDSP1602051。
文摘Integrating micro-optical components at the end facet of an optical fiber enables compact optics to shape the output beam(e.g.collimating,focusing,and coupling to free space elements or photonic integrated circuits).However,the scalability of this approach is a longstanding challenge as these components must be aligned onto individual fiber facets.In this paper,we propose a socket that enables easy slotting of fibers,self-alignment,and coupling onto micro-optical components.This integrated socket can be detached from the substrate upon fiber insertion to create a stand-alone optical system.Fabrication is done using nanoscale 3D printing via two-photon polymerization lithography onto glass substrates,which allows multiple sockets to be patterned in a single print.We investigated variations in socket design and evaluated the performance of optical elements for telecom wavelengths.We obtained an alignment accuracy of∼3.5μm.These socket designs can be customized for high efficiency chip to fiber coupling and extended to other spectral ranges for free-form optics.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078274,21903066)。
文摘Atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations are soaring due to the continued use of fossil fuels in energy production,an anthropogenic activity that is playing a leading role in global warming.Thus,research aimed at the capture and conversion of CO_(2)into value-added products,such as cyclic carbonates,is booming.While CO_(2)is an abundant,cheap,non-toxic,and readily accessible Cl feedstock,its thermodynamic stability necessitates the development of highly efficient catalysts that are able to promote chemical reactions under mild conditions.In this work,a novel mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)with dual active sites was synthesized through a facile method that involves co-polymerization,post-synthetic metalation,and supercritical CO_(2)drying.Due to a high density of nucleophilic and electrophilic sites,the as-prepared poly(ionic liquid),denoted as P2D-4BrBQA-Zn,offers excellent performance in a CO_(2)cycloaddition reaction using epichlorohydrin as the substrate(98.9%conversion and 96.9%selectivity).Moreover the reaction is carried out under mild,solvent-free,and additive-free conditions.Notably,P2D-4BrBQA-Zn also efficiently promotes the conversion of various other epoxide substrates into cyclic carbonates.Overall,the catalyst is found to have excellent substrate compatibility,stability,and recyclability.
文摘Objective Previous studies have proven that cumulative smoking dose predicts the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between smoking-related factors and EGFR mutation status. Methods Samples were collected from 195 smokers with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection and the presence of EGFR mutations(exons 19 and 21) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results EGFR gene mutations were present in 33(16.9%) patients who were smokers; the patients were divided into three groups according to the smoking index(SI). The incidence of EGFR mutations decreased from 38.9% in mild smokers to 8.1% in severe smokers(P = 0.001). Compared to daily smoking dose(P = 0.547), initial smoking age(P = 0.085) and duration of smoking history had a larger effect on EGFR mutation status(P = 0.002).Conclusion Although there is a decrease in the incidence of mutations with increasing SI, there were still around 17% of smokers with NSCLC that harbored EGFR mutations, so it is necessary to test for EGFR mutation status in smokers with NSCLC.
基金funding from the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Science (KZCX3-SW-341)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Natural Science Foundation of China(40225003)
文摘In a blowing sand system,the wind provides the driving forces for the particle movement while the moving particles exert the opposite forces to the wind by extracting its momentum.The wind-sand interaction that can be characterized by shear stress and force exerted on the wind by moving particles results in the modification of wind profiles.Detailed wind pro-files re-adapted to blown sand movement are measured in a wind tunnel for different grain size populations and at differ-ent free-stream wind velocities.The shear stress with a blowing sand cloud and force exerted on the wind by moving par-ticles are calculated from the measured wind velocity profiles.The results suggest that the wind profiles with presence of blowing sand cloud assume convex-upward curves on the u(z)-ln(z) plot compared with the straight lines characterizing the velocity profiles of clean wind,and they can be better fitted by power function than log-linear function.The exponent of the power function ranging from 0.1 to 0.17 tends to increase with an increase in wind velocity but decrease with an increase in particle size.The force per unit volume exerted on the wind by blown sand drift that is calculated based on the empirical power functions for the wind velocity profiles is found to decrease with height.The particle-induced force makes the total shear stress with blowing sand cloud partitioned into air-borne stress that results from the wind velocity gradient and grain-borne stress that results from the upward or downward movement of particles.The air-borne stress in-creases with an increase in height,while the grain-borne stress decreases with an increase in height.The air-borne shear stress at the top of sand cloud layer increases with both wind velocity and grain size,implying that it increases with sand transport rate for a given grain size.The shear stress with a blowing sand cloud is also closely related to the sand transport rate.Both the total shear stress and grain-borne stress on the grain top is directly proportional to the square root of sand transport rate.So,the profound effect of the moving particles on the airflow must be considered in modeling the blown sand movement.With the presence of sand movement,the boundary layer with a blowing sand cloud is no longer a con-stant air shear layer.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21905137 and 21875111)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20180496)。
文摘The exploitation of proper electron transport layers(ETLs)and interface optimization can play a pivotal role to promote the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).In this work,low temperature processable tin oxide(SnO_(2))colloidal nanoparticles with ethanolamine(EA)treatment are successfully employed for efficient and stable OSCs with light soaking free.The EA is chemically bonded with SnO_(2),and the ethanolamine treated tin oxide(E-SnO_(2))layer delivers a suitable work function of 4.10 eV and a unique surface texture with suspended polar moieties.The enhanced performance of E-SnO_(2) based OSCs can be attributed to the improved charge transport and electron extraction,which is correlated with the regulated energy level alignment and contact quality of E-SnO_(2)/active layer.As a result,considerable power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of 10.30%,13.93%and 15.38%for PTB7-Th/PC_(71) BM,PM7/ITC6-4 F and PM6/Y6 based OSCs have been realized with E-SnO_(2) as ETL,respectively.Compared with ZnO based devices,the E-SnO_(2) based OSCs exhibit an improved light aging stability,which can retain 94.3%of their initial PCE of 15.38%after 100 h light aging for E-SnO_(2)/PM6/Y6 based OSCs.This work demonstrates that the enormous potential of E-SnO_(2) to serve as ETL for high-efficiency and stable OSCs.
基金the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11972219 and 11902185)the support of Shanghai Sailing Program(19YF1415100)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(2019QNRC001)the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52090022)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hebei Province(E2020203085)。
文摘The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries,i.e.specific capacity and cyclability,is primarily determined by chemical reversibility and structural stability of the electrodes in cycling.Here we have investigated the fundamental reaction behaviors of nickel sulfide(NixSy)as lithium-ion battery anodes by in-situ TEM.We find that Ni_(3)S_(2)is the electrochemically stable phase,which appears in the first cycle of the NixSyanode.From the second cycle,conversion between Ni_(3)S_(2)and Li_(2)S/Ni is the dominant electrochemical reaction.In lithiation,the NixSynanoparticles evolve into a mixture of Ni nanocrystals embedded in Li_(2)S matrix,which form a porous structure upon full lithiation,and with the recrystallization of the Ni_(3)S_(2)phase in delithiation,a compact and interconnected network is built.Structural stability in cycles is susceptible to particle size and substrate restraint.Carbon substrate can certainly improve the tolerance for size-dependent pulverization of NixSynanoparticles.When NixSynanoparticle exceeds the critical size value,the morphology of the particle is no longer well maintained even under the constraints of the carbon substrate.This work deepens the understanding of electrochemical reaction behavior of conversiontype materials and helps to rational design of high-energy density battery anodes.
基金the funding from the Natural Science Foundation of China (40638038)the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX3-YW-329)
文摘The momentum profile of an aeolian saltation cloud is poorly understood. In this paper, height profiles for saltation momentum are reconstructed for three particle-size populations at four wind velocities based on profiles for mean particle velocity and relative particle concentration of saltation cloud obtained using particle image velocimetry in a wind tunnel. The results suggest that the saltation momentum profiles are characterized by peak curves with a maximum at some height above the surface. The height of this maximum increases with increasing wind velocity, but decreases with increasing particle size. It is linearly correlated with average saltation height and is comparable with the results of numerical simulations in a previous study. Our results confirm that Bagnold’s kink is an important feature of wind velocity profiles modified by the presence of saltating particles and that the height of the kink is closely related to the average trajectories of the saltating particles.
文摘Objective The present study attempted to evaluate the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in limiteddisease small cell lung cancer(LD-SCLC),and to identify the predictive value of the tumor regression grading(TRG) system in LD-SCLC treatment-response and prognosis.Methods The records of patients with LD-SCLC(p-Stage I–IIIa) who underwent definitive radical resection at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital between March 1,2000 and March 31,2014 were retrospectively analyzed.We compared the disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) rates between Group A patients(patients who underwent surgery combined with pre-and post-operative chemotherapy) and Group B patients(patients who underwent surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy only) using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Mantel-Cox test.The specimens of patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were reassessed according to the TRG system.Results The median DFS for 27 patients was 16.267 months and the median OS was 81.167 months(1-year OS,74.07%;3-year OS,22.22%;5-year OS,14.81%).Thirteen patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and their specimens were reassessed by TRG(pathological complete remission,3/13,23.08%).Patients in group A had a longer OS than those in group B(mean,93.782 months versus 42.322 months,P = 0.025),although there was no significant difference in DFS between the two groups(median 20.100 months versus 14.667 months,P = 0.551).Statistical analysis revealed that TRG Grade(G) 0(mean,61.222 months) was associated with better OS than G1-2(mean,31.213 months)(P = 0.311).Conclusion Our study indicated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical resection may represent a feasible treatment method for patients with LD-SCLC.The TRG system may be a valuable prediction tool to assess neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic efficacy,especially in patients with G0 disease as determined by TRG;these patients may attain an improved survival benefit with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52175130)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant No.2022YFQ0087)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2021M700693)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2021A1515012070)the Sichuan Science and Technology Innovation Seedling Project Funding Project (Grant No.2021112).
文摘In uncertainty-based multidisciplinary design optimization(UBMDO),all reliability limitation factors are maintained due to minimize the cost target function.There are many reliability evaluation methods for reliability limitation factors.The second-order reliability method(SORM)is a powerful most possible point(MPP)-based method.It can provide an accurate estimation of the failure probability of a highly nonlinear limit state function despite its large curvature.But the Hessian calculation is necessary in SORM,which results in a heavy computational cost.Recently,an efficient approximated second-order reliability method(ASORM)is proposed.The ASORM uses a quasi-Newton method to close to Hessian without the direct calculation of Hessian.To further improve the UBMDO efficiency,we also introduce the performance measure approach(PMA)and the sequential optimization and reliability assessment(SORA)strategy.To solve the optimization design problem of a turbine blade,the formula of MDO with ASORM under the SORA framework(MDO-ASORM-SORA)is proposed.
基金funded by the Sichuan Science and Technology Innovation Seedling Project Funding Project (Grant No.2021112).
文摘In the engineering.to ensure the quality and safety,it is necessary to carry out reliability analysis on it.When conducting reliability analysis in engineering.a 1arge rumber of small1 failure probability problems will be encountered.For such problems,the traditional Monte Carlo method needs a 1ot of samples,and the calculation efficiency is extremely 1ow,while the subset sinmulation method can efficiently estimate the relLability index of the small failure probability problem with litle samples.Therefore,this paper takes the application of the subset simulation method in the reliability analysis of the small failure probability structure as the object,constructs the reliability analysis method of the single failure mode of the system and applies the method to a mathematical example and a single-story gate.Through the rigid frame example,it can be seen that this method is beneficial to improve the calculation efficiency and accuracy.
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-073,2021-I2M-1-040,2022-I2M-JB-015)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1100703,2021YFA1103000)+2 种基金Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund(22HHXBSS00031)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82125003,32271161,82200141)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission Grant(20JCYBJC00240,22ZXSYSY00010,22JCQNJC01270)。
文摘The embryonic mesoderm comprises heterogeneous cell subpopulations with distinct lineage biases.It is unclear whether a bias for the human hematopoietic lineage emerges at this early developmental stage.In this study,we integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human mesoderm cells from embryonic stem cells and embryos,enabling us to identify and define the molecular features of human hematopoietic mesoderm(HM)cells biased towards hematopoietic lineages.We discovered that BMP4 plays an essential role in HM specification and can serve as a marker for HM cells.Mechanistically,BMP4 acts as a downstream target of HDAC1,which modulates the expression of BMP4 by deacetylating its enhancer.Inhibition of HDAC significantly enhances HM specification and promotes subsequent hematopoietic cell differentiation.In conclusion,our study identifies human HM cells and describes new mechanisms for human hematopoietic development.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078274,22373080,and 21903066)the President Fund of Xiamen University(No.20720210046).
文摘With the fast generation of electronic waste(e-waste)and the increasing depletion of metal resources,“urban mining”that can selectively recover gold from secondary resources has attracted great interest.Construction of materials with high extraction capacity and satisfying selectivity in complex aqueous-based matrices still remains challenging.Here,a novel metal-organic framework/polymer composite(Fe-BTC/poly(thioctic acid),denoted as Fe-BTC/pTA)has been newly synthesized and applied for selective gold recovery in different matrices(river water,seawater,and leaching solution of e-waste).Benefiting from the high specific surface area and suitable pore sizes as well as the rational design of active sites,the composite exhibits high adsorption capacity(920 mg/g),high removal efficiency(>99%),fast kinetics(below 0.1 ppb within 10 min),and good applicability in complex matrices,which are better than those of most reported sulfur-containing adsorbents.Solid-state metallic gold with high purity can be effectively enriched due to the high recyclability and long-term stability of the composite.The material after adsorption can be further applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for water remediation due to the in situ generated gold nanoparticles by the redox reaction between Au(III)ions and the S-containing groups in the composites.
