BACKGROUND In recent years,approximately half of the newly diagnosed cases and mortalities attributed to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been reported in China.Despite the high incidence of HCC,there remains a pauci...BACKGROUND In recent years,approximately half of the newly diagnosed cases and mortalities attributed to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been reported in China.Despite the high incidence of HCC,there remains a paucity of data regarding the natural growth pattern and the determination of optimal surveillance intervals specific to the Chinese population.AIM To quantify the natural tumor growth pattern of HCC in regional China.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on patients from a single institution in Southwest China who had undergone two or more serial dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans between 2014 and 2020,without having received any anti-cancer therapy.Tumor growth was assessed using tumor volume doubling time(TVDT)and tumor growth rate(TGR),with volumes measured manually by experienced radiologists.Simple univariate linear regression and descriptive analysis were applied to explore associations between growth rates and clinical factors.RESULTS This study identifies the median TVDT for HCC as 163.4 d,interquartile range(IQR)72.1 to 302.3 d,with a daily TGR of 0.42%(IQR 0.206%-0.97%).HCC growth patterns reveal that about one-third of tumors grow indolently with TVDT exceeding 270 d,another one-third of tumors exhibit rapid growth with TVDT under 90 d,and the remaining tumors show intermediate growth rates,with TVDT ranging between 3 to 9 months.CONCLUSION The identified TGRs support biannual surveillance and follow-up for HCC patients in certain regions of China.Given the observed heterogeneity in HCC growth,further investigation is warranted.展开更多
AIM To investigate the effects of taxol onSMMC-7721 human hepatoma and itsmechanisms.METHODS In vitro cell growth was assessedby trypan blue exclusion method.Experimentalhepatoma model was established by seedingSMMC-7...AIM To investigate the effects of taxol onSMMC-7721 human hepatoma and itsmechanisms.METHODS In vitro cell growth was assessedby trypan blue exclusion method.Experimentalhepatoma model was established by seedingSMMC-7721 cells subcutaneously into Balb/c(nu/nu)nude mice.In vivo tumor growth wasdetermined by measurement of tumor diameterwith Vernier calipers.The syntheses of DNA,RNA and protein were analyzed by incorporationof ~3H-thymidine,~3H-uridine and ~3H-leucinerespectively.Using light and electronmicroscopes to observe the morphologicalchanges of cells including mitosis andapoptosis.RESULTS Taxol was effective against SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cell growth in the rangesof 2.5 nmol/L-10 nmol/L with mitotic arrestand apoptosis in vitro.DNA,RNA and proteinsyntheses in cells were also obviouslysuppressed by in vitro treatment of taxol for72 h.Taxol at 2.5 nmol/L reduced ~3H-thymidineuptake to about 34% of the control value(P【0.05).Increasing the dose of taxol to20 nmol/L resulted in a greater decrease in ~3H-thymidine incorporation to 60% of the controlvalue(P【0.01).At a concentration of 20 nmol/L,the ~3H-uridine and ~3H-leucine uptakeswere reduced to 52%(P【0.05)and 63%(P【0.01),respectively.In vivo,taxolsignificantly inhibited SMMC-7721 tumor growthat 10 mg/kg,i.p.,once daily for 10 d.A morethan 90% decrease in tumor volume wasobserved by day 11(P【0.01)similarly withmitotic arrest and cell apoptosis.CONCLUSION Taxol has a marked anticanceractivity in SMMC-7721 human hepatoma both invitro and in nude mice.Its mechanisms might beassociated with mitotic arrest,subsequently,apoptosis of the hepatoma cells.No obvioustoxicity was observed with in vivoadministration of taxoi.展开更多
Objective：Previous studies have identified that kazrin is a constituent of desmosome and influences intercellular adhesion,growing development and morphology.We previously cloned another new isoform,kazrin F and foun...Objective：Previous studies have identified that kazrin is a constituent of desmosome and influences intercellular adhesion,growing development and morphology.We previously cloned another new isoform,kazrin F and found that it has anti-apoptotic effects on human glioma cell line.To further explore whether kazrin F is involved in tumorigenesis,we investigated its expression and role in cervical cancer（CC） cells.Methods：The role of kazrin F and miR-186 in CC was determined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay,colony formation,transwell,and apoptosis assays.Using enhanced green fluorescent protein（EGFP） reporter assays,reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR） and western blot analysis,we identified kazrin F post-transcriptional regulation by miR-186.Results：We demonstrate that kazrin F is highly expressed in CC tissues compared with the adjacent noncancerous tissues and promotes cell proliferation,colony formation,migration and invasion in HeLa and C33 A cells by suppressing apoptosis and facilitating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition（EMT）.Furthermore,miR-186 was confirmed as a regulator of kazrin F dysregulation.An EGFP reporter assay proved that miR-186 directly targets the 3＇-untranslated region（3＇UTR） of kazrin F and downregulates its expression,and miR-186 expression showed an inverse correlation with kazrin F levels in CC tissues.In addition,overexpression of miR-186 suppressed the malignant behaviors of CC cells.The ectopic expression of kazrin F rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-186.Conclusions：Our findings indicate that the upregulation of kazrin F due to downregulated miR-186 levels contributes to malignancy,and highlight the significance of kazrin F in CC tumorigenesis.展开更多
We conducted a prospective study of erectile dysfunction(ED)after urethral reconstructive surgery,using the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5),the Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire(SLQQ)and the Qu...We conducted a prospective study of erectile dysfunction(ED)after urethral reconstructive surgery,using the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5),the Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire(SLQQ)and the Quality of Life Questionnaire(QoLQ).Between January 2003 and July 2007,125 male patients with urethral strictures underwent urethroplasty,and pre-and post-surgery erectile function was assessed using these three questionnaires.A formula to predict the probability of ED after urethroplasty was derived.At 3 months post-operatively,there was a significant decrease in IIEF-5(16.57±7.98)and SLQQ scores(28.71±14.84)compared with pre-operative scores(P<0.05).However,the IIEF-5 scores rebounded at 6 months post-operatively(17.22±8.41).Logistical regression analysis showed that the location of the urethral stricture,the recurrence of strictures and the choice of surgical technique were predictive of the post-operative occurrence of ED.This study identified the clinical risk factors for ED after urethroplasty.Posterior urethral stricture and end-to-end anastomosis were found to have a strong relationship with erectile function.The logistical model derived in this study may be applied to clinical decision algorithms for patients with urethral strictures.展开更多
Hybridoma cells display an increase in antibody productivity following exposure to hypertonic conditions. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. In the present study, we hypothesize that the nuclear...Hybridoma cells display an increase in antibody productivity following exposure to hypertonic conditions. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. In the present study, we hypothesize that the nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 （NFAT5）/tonicity enhancer binding protein （TonEBP） functions to increase the antibody productivity of hybridoma cells. NFAT5 is an osmosensitive mammalian transcription factor. However, its ubiquitous expression in various organs that are not bathed in hypertonic milieu suggests that NFAT5 may also regulate cell growth and function under isotonic conditions. In this study, we examined the expression of NFAT5 in hybridoma cells by Western blot analysis, and found that it increased significantly in hypertonic medium. To further define the function of NFAT5 in hybridoma cells, RNA interference technique was used to downregulate the expression of NFAT5 in SGB-8 cells （a hybridoma cell line）. In isotonic medium, antibody productivity ofhybridoma cells was reduced by downregulation of NFAT5 while cell proliferation was not influenced. The results presented here demonstrate that NFAT5 not only plays an important role in osmotic stress response pathway in hybridoma cells but also is essential for optimal antibody productivity.展开更多
Parthenolide （PTN）, a selective nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） inhibitor, has been used extensively to inhibit NF-κB activation. The duration of the inhibitory effect of PTN on NF-kB in vivo remains unclear. Thi...Parthenolide （PTN）, a selective nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） inhibitor, has been used extensively to inhibit NF-κB activation. The duration of the inhibitory effect of PTN on NF-kB in vivo remains unclear. This study was to determine whether a lipopolysaccharide （LPS） challenge 6, 12 and 24 h after the administration of PTN could activate NF-κB. Rats were devided into five groups. The rats in the PTN, PTN＋LPS and DMSO groups were injected intraperitoneally with PTN or DMSO. After 6, 12 or 24 h, LPS was administered in LPS and PTN＋LPS groups. The expressions of NF-κB p50, IκBα and p-IκBα were inhibited in both PTN and PTN＋LPS group at end of 6 and 12 h and no effects at 24 h. In summary, myocardial NF-κB expression occurs 1 h after the administration of LPS. PTN blocks this effect given at 6 h and no inhibitory effect 24 h after administration in vivo.展开更多
We report on current-induced thermal power investigation of graphene nanostructure for potential local-heating ap-plications.It is found that the efficiency of heating can be greatly improved if graphene is patterned ...We report on current-induced thermal power investigation of graphene nanostructure for potential local-heating ap-plications.It is found that the efficiency of heating can be greatly improved if graphene is patterned into structures with narrow width and long channel.In a narrow graphene-ribbon,the Joule heating power exhibits an obvious dependence on the back-gate voltage.By monitoring Raman spectra,the temperature of graphene-ribbon can be determined.The temperature of graphene-ribbon is modulated by the electric field effect when the sample is sourced with a relatively high current.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of curcumin on proliferation and apop-tosis in the prostate cancer LNCaP cell line. METHODS The AXSYMTM system luciferase method was used to examine the effect of various concentratious...OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of curcumin on proliferation and apop-tosis in the prostate cancer LNCaP cell line. METHODS The AXSYMTM system luciferase method was used to examine the effect of various concentratious of curcumin on the content of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer LNCaP cells. A pGL3-PSA luciferase expression vector, containing 640 bp DNA of the PSA gene 5' -promoter region was constructed and transfected into the LNCaP cells with lipofectin. By measuring luciferase activity, the effect of 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 30 and 40 μmol/L curcumin on the promoter was studied. Effects on cell growth and apoptosis were analyzed by microscopy, the MTT colorimetric assay and flow cytometry. Western-blotting was used to measure expression of the androgen receptor (AR) in the LNCaP cells treated with different concentrations of curcumin. RESULTS The results showed that the expression of PSA was inhibited as curcumin reduced the activity of luciferase. Curcumin also caused a sigificant concentration-dependent decrease in AR expession measured by Western -blotting. Cell growth was inhibited and apoptosis was induced. CONCLUSION By inhibiting AR expression, curcumin reduced the function of the PSA promoter and inhibited PSA protein expression. Curcumin decreased the cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells in a concention-dependent manner.展开更多
Based on the incompressible RANS equation,the KVLCC1 ship’s resistance field’s numerical simulation is carried out.In this paper,the bare hull(calm water resistance and wave resistance)and hull-propellerrudder model...Based on the incompressible RANS equation,the KVLCC1 ship’s resistance field’s numerical simulation is carried out.In this paper,the bare hull(calm water resistance and wave resistance)and hull-propellerrudder models are studied and compared with the values of the Hydrostatic resistance test.In the hull-propeller-rudder system’s performance analysis,the body force method is used to replace the real propeller model.The new calculation domain is set for the hull-propeller-rudder system model and meshed again to obtain the highly reliable numerical simulation results.Finally,the calculation results are analyzed.The research results in this paper can provide technical support for the resistance of similar ship types.展开更多
Learning a foreign language is based on the master of its vocabulary. Vocabulary is one of the ＇bottlenecks＇ in the learning of English. It will greatly influence the expression in our communication. Both teachers a...Learning a foreign language is based on the master of its vocabulary. Vocabulary is one of the ＇bottlenecks＇ in the learning of English. It will greatly influence the expression in our communication. Both teachers and students need to pay much more attention to the learning of English vocabulary. This paper discusses the study of morphology from the perspective of modern linguistics, including the definitions of morpheme, types of morphemes, morphological structure and the main processes of word-formation of the language. Meanwhile, the author analyzes how the morphology study is applicable to English vocabulary teaching and learning in college, especially explores the purpose of the English vocabulary teaching in college, and finally proposes Some practical approaches of vocabulary teaching from the study of morphology.展开更多
Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 on presynaptic neurons is postulated to suppress neu- ~ ~ ~ 2＋ ~ ~ 2＋ rotransmlsslon by decreasing Ca reflux through high voltage-gated Ca channels. However, recent studies...Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 on presynaptic neurons is postulated to suppress neu- ~ ~ ~ 2＋ ~ ~ 2＋ rotransmlsslon by decreasing Ca reflux through high voltage-gated Ca channels. However, recent studies suggest that cannabinoids which activate cannabinoid receptor type 1 can increase neurotransmitter release by enhancing Ca2＋ influx in vitro. The aim of the present study was to investigate the modulation of intracellular Ca2＋ concentration by the cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonist anandamide, and its underlying mechanisms. Using whole cell voltage-damp and calcium imaging in cultured trigeminal ganglion neurons, we found that anandamide directly caused Ca2＋ influx in a dose-dependent manner, which then triggered an increase of intracellular Ca2＋ concentration. The cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase systems, but not the protein kinase C system, were involved in the increased intracellular Ca2＋concentration by anandamide. This result showed that anandamide increased intracellu- lar Ca2＋ concentration and inhibited high voltage-gated Ca2＋ channels through different signal transduction pathways.展开更多
Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibril(CMCNF)is an effective green dispersant to prepare well-dispersed monolayer montmorillonites(MMTs)in water,thereby facilitating the preparation of a high-performance MMT/polymer n...Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibril(CMCNF)is an effective green dispersant to prepare well-dispersed monolayer montmorillonites(MMTs)in water,thereby facilitating the preparation of a high-performance MMT/polymer nanocomposite film.However,not enough attention has been paid to correlating the degree of substitution(DS)of CMCNFs with the mechanical and optical properties of the final nanocomposite films.In this study,a series of homogeneous monolayer MMT nanoplatelet dispersions was prepared initially using CMCNFs with different DS as a dispersant,and the as-prepared CMCNF-dispersed MMT dispersions were then mixed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na)to fabricate nacre-like nanocomposite films with different contents of MMTs through self-assembly.The layered nanostructure and optical and mechanical properties of the asprepared CMCNF-dispersed MMT/CMC-Na nanocomposite films were investigated,which demonstrated that CMCNFs with lower DS have a positive effect on their optical and mechanical properties.This study sheds light on the preparation of MMT-based nanocomposite films with superior optical and mechanical properties.展开更多
[Objective]The research aimed to study rapid dechlodnation kinetics of 1,4-dichlorobenzene （1,4-DCB） by microwave-assisted Raney Ni -AI alloy catalyst. [ Method] Microwave-assisted Raney Ni -AI alloy catalyst was us...[Objective]The research aimed to study rapid dechlodnation kinetics of 1,4-dichlorobenzene （1,4-DCB） by microwave-assisted Raney Ni -AI alloy catalyst. [ Method] Microwave-assisted Raney Ni -AI alloy catalyst was used for dechlorination of chlorobenzene （CB） and 1,4-DCB to analyze dechlorination kinetics of 1,4-DCB. [ Result] Reductive dechlorination reaction of 1,4-DCB by microwave-assisted Raney Ni- AI alloy catalyst was in accordance of the two-order reaction kinetics. Reaction rate constants of 1,4-DCB dechlorination at 35 and 50 ℃ were 0.037 6 and 0.151 mol/（ L . min）, and the activation energy was 76.66 kJ/mol. By microwave-assisted Raney Ni - AI alloy catalyst, dechlorination rate of 1,4- DCB reached 90% at 10 rain and 35 ℃. Moreover, two chlorine atoms were removed simultaneously, reaching the target of efficient dechlorination. [ Condusion] Oechlodnation of polychlodnated organic compounds by microwave-assisted Raney Ni- AI alloy catalyst obtained good effect .展开更多
This paper proposes a non-segmented document clustering method using self-organizing map (SOM) and frequent max substring technique to improve the efficiency of information retrieval. SOM has been widely used for docu...This paper proposes a non-segmented document clustering method using self-organizing map (SOM) and frequent max substring technique to improve the efficiency of information retrieval. SOM has been widely used for document clustering and is successful in many applications. However, when applying to non-segmented document, the challenge is to identify any interesting pattern efficiently. There are two main phases in the propose method: preprocessing phase and clustering phase. In the preprocessing phase, the frequent max substring technique is first applied to discover the patterns of interest called Frequent Max substrings that are long and frequent substrings, rather than individual words from the non-segmented texts. These discovered patterns are then used as indexing terms. The indexing terms together with their number of occurrences form a document vector. In the clustering phase, SOM is used to generate the document cluster map by using the feature vector of Frequent Max substrings. To demonstrate the proposed technique, experimental studies and comparison results on clustering the Thai text documents, which consist of non-segmented texts, are presented in this paper. The results show that the proposed technique can be used for Thai texts. The document cluster map generated with the method can be used to find the relevant documents more efficiently.展开更多
We propose a scheme to realize antibunched multiple-photon bundles based on phonon blockade in a quadratically coupled optomechanical system.Through adjusting the detunings to match the conditions of phonon blockade i...We propose a scheme to realize antibunched multiple-photon bundles based on phonon blockade in a quadratically coupled optomechanical system.Through adjusting the detunings to match the conditions of phonon blockade in the photon sidebands,we establish super-Rabi oscillation between zero-photon state and multiple-photon states with adjustable super-Rabi frequencies under appropriate single-phonon resonant conditions.Taking the system dissipation into account,we numerically calculate the standard and generalized second-order functions of the cavity mode as well as the quantum trajectories of the state populations with Monte Carlo simulation to confirm that the emitted photons form antibunched multiple-photon bundles.Interestingly,the desirable n-photon states are reconstructed after a direct phonon emission based on phonon blockade,and thus the single-phonon emission heralds the cascade emission of n-photon bundles.Our proposal shows that the optomechanical system can simultaneously behave as antibunched multiple-photon emitter and single-phonon gun.Such a nonclassical source could have potential applications in quantum information science.展开更多
We previously identified that hepatitis B virus(HBV)encodes a microRNA(HBV-miR-3)that restrains HBV replication by targeting the HBV transcript.However,whether HBV-miR-3 affects host innate immunity to modulate HBV re...We previously identified that hepatitis B virus(HBV)encodes a microRNA(HBV-miR-3)that restrains HBV replication by targeting the HBV transcript.However,whether HBV-miR-3 affects host innate immunity to modulate HBV replication remains unclear.Here,we examined the vital functions of HBV-miR-3 in the innate immune response after HBV infection.We found that HBV-miR-3 expression gradually increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner in HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells.HBV-miR-3 activated the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by downregulating SOCS5 in hepatocytes,thereby enhancing the IFN-induced anti-HBV effect.In addition,HBVmiR-3 in exosomes facilitated the Ml polarization of macrophages.Furthermore,exosomes containing HBV-miR-3 enhanced the secretion of IL-6 via inhibiting the SOCS5-mediated ubiquitination of EGFR.In short,these results demonstrate that HBV-miR-3 activates the innate immune response to restrain HBV replication by multiple pathways,which may suppress HBV-induced acute liver cell injury and affect the progression of persistent HBV infection.展开更多
The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the outcomes of patients who underwent one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty using a lingual mucosal graft （LMG） after failed hypospadias repairs. Inclusion ...The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the outcomes of patients who underwent one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty using a lingual mucosal graft （LMG） after failed hypospadias repairs. Inclusion criteria included a history of failed hypospadias repair, insufficiency of the local skin that made a reoperation with skin flaps difficult, and necessity of an oral mucosal graft urethroplasty. Patients were excluded if they had undergone a failed hypospadias repair using the foreskin or a multistage repair urethroplasty. Between January 2008 and December 2012, 110 patients with failed hypospadias repairs were treated in our center. Of these patients, 56 underwent a one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty using LMG. The median age was 21.8 years （range： 4-45 years）. Of the 56 patients, one-stage onlay LMG urethroplasty was performed in 42 patients （group 1）, and a modified Snodgrass technique using one-stage inlay LMG urethroplasty was performed in 14 （group 2）. The median LMG urethroplasty length was 5.6 ± 1.6 cm （range： 4-13 cm）. The mean follow-up was 34.7 months （range： 10-58 months）, and complications developed in 12 of 56 patients （21.4%）, including urethrocutaneous fistulas in 7 （6 in group 1, 1 in group 2） and neourethral strictures in 5 （4 in group 1, 1 in group 2）. The total success rate was 78.6%. Our survey suggests that one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty with LMG may be an effective option to treat the patients with less available skin after failed hypospadias repairs; LMG harvesting is easy and safe, irrespective of the patient＇s age.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate whether adding a vacuum erection device(VED)to regular use of Tadalafil could achieve better penile rehabilitation following posterior urethroplasty for pelvic fracture-related urethral in...This study aimed to evaluate whether adding a vacuum erection device(VED)to regular use of Tadalafil could achieve better penile rehabilitation following posterior urethroplasty for pelvic fracture-related urethral injury(PFUI).Altogether,78 PFUI patients with erectile dysfunction(ED)after primary posterior urethroplasty were enrolled and divided into two treatment groups:VED combined with Tadalafil(Group 1,n=36)and Tadalafil only(Group 2,n=42).Changes in penile length,testosterone level,International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)questionnaire,Quality of Erection Questionnaire(QEQ),and nocturnal penile tumescence(NPT)testing were used to assess erectile function before and after 6 months of ED treatment.Results showed that the addition of VED to regular use of Tadalafil preserved more penile length statistically(0.4±0.9 vs-0.8±0.7 cm,P<0.01).IIEF-5 score and QEQ score in Group 1 were higher than Group 2(both P<0.05).After treatment,21/36(5&3%)Group 1 patients and 19/42(45.2%)Group 2 patients could complete vaginal penetration.Group 1 patients also had markedly improved testosterone levels(P=0.01).Unexpectedly,there was no significant difference in NPT testing between two therapies.For PFUI patients with ED after posterior urethroplasty,the addition of VED to regular use of Tadalafil could significantly improve their conditions-improving erection and increasing penile length-thus increasing patient satisfaction and confidence in penile rehabilitation.展开更多
基金Supported by Cultivate Project for the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.gyfynsfc[2020]-27and National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81960328.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,approximately half of the newly diagnosed cases and mortalities attributed to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been reported in China.Despite the high incidence of HCC,there remains a paucity of data regarding the natural growth pattern and the determination of optimal surveillance intervals specific to the Chinese population.AIM To quantify the natural tumor growth pattern of HCC in regional China.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on patients from a single institution in Southwest China who had undergone two or more serial dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans between 2014 and 2020,without having received any anti-cancer therapy.Tumor growth was assessed using tumor volume doubling time(TVDT)and tumor growth rate(TGR),with volumes measured manually by experienced radiologists.Simple univariate linear regression and descriptive analysis were applied to explore associations between growth rates and clinical factors.RESULTS This study identifies the median TVDT for HCC as 163.4 d,interquartile range(IQR)72.1 to 302.3 d,with a daily TGR of 0.42%(IQR 0.206%-0.97%).HCC growth patterns reveal that about one-third of tumors grow indolently with TVDT exceeding 270 d,another one-third of tumors exhibit rapid growth with TVDT under 90 d,and the remaining tumors show intermediate growth rates,with TVDT ranging between 3 to 9 months.CONCLUSION The identified TGRs support biannual surveillance and follow-up for HCC patients in certain regions of China.Given the observed heterogeneity in HCC growth,further investigation is warranted.
文摘AIM To investigate the effects of taxol onSMMC-7721 human hepatoma and itsmechanisms.METHODS In vitro cell growth was assessedby trypan blue exclusion method.Experimentalhepatoma model was established by seedingSMMC-7721 cells subcutaneously into Balb/c(nu/nu)nude mice.In vivo tumor growth wasdetermined by measurement of tumor diameterwith Vernier calipers.The syntheses of DNA,RNA and protein were analyzed by incorporationof ~3H-thymidine,~3H-uridine and ~3H-leucinerespectively.Using light and electronmicroscopes to observe the morphologicalchanges of cells including mitosis andapoptosis.RESULTS Taxol was effective against SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cell growth in the rangesof 2.5 nmol/L-10 nmol/L with mitotic arrestand apoptosis in vitro.DNA,RNA and proteinsyntheses in cells were also obviouslysuppressed by in vitro treatment of taxol for72 h.Taxol at 2.5 nmol/L reduced ~3H-thymidineuptake to about 34% of the control value(P【0.05).Increasing the dose of taxol to20 nmol/L resulted in a greater decrease in ~3H-thymidine incorporation to 60% of the controlvalue(P【0.01).At a concentration of 20 nmol/L,the ~3H-uridine and ~3H-leucine uptakeswere reduced to 52%(P【0.05)and 63%(P【0.01),respectively.In vivo,taxolsignificantly inhibited SMMC-7721 tumor growthat 10 mg/kg,i.p.,once daily for 10 d.A morethan 90% decrease in tumor volume wasobserved by day 11(P【0.01)similarly withmitotic arrest and cell apoptosis.CONCLUSION Taxol has a marked anticanceractivity in SMMC-7721 human hepatoma both invitro and in nude mice.Its mechanisms might beassociated with mitotic arrest,subsequently,apoptosis of the hepatoma cells.No obvioustoxicity was observed with in vivoadministration of taxoi.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8157279091629302+1 种基金 31270818)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No.12JCZDJC25100,14JCYBJC26400,16JCYBJC42400)
文摘Objective：Previous studies have identified that kazrin is a constituent of desmosome and influences intercellular adhesion,growing development and morphology.We previously cloned another new isoform,kazrin F and found that it has anti-apoptotic effects on human glioma cell line.To further explore whether kazrin F is involved in tumorigenesis,we investigated its expression and role in cervical cancer（CC） cells.Methods：The role of kazrin F and miR-186 in CC was determined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay,colony formation,transwell,and apoptosis assays.Using enhanced green fluorescent protein（EGFP） reporter assays,reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction（RT-qPCR） and western blot analysis,we identified kazrin F post-transcriptional regulation by miR-186.Results：We demonstrate that kazrin F is highly expressed in CC tissues compared with the adjacent noncancerous tissues and promotes cell proliferation,colony formation,migration and invasion in HeLa and C33 A cells by suppressing apoptosis and facilitating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition（EMT）.Furthermore,miR-186 was confirmed as a regulator of kazrin F dysregulation.An EGFP reporter assay proved that miR-186 directly targets the 3＇-untranslated region（3＇UTR） of kazrin F and downregulates its expression,and miR-186 expression showed an inverse correlation with kazrin F levels in CC tissues.In addition,overexpression of miR-186 suppressed the malignant behaviors of CC cells.The ectopic expression of kazrin F rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-186.Conclusions：Our findings indicate that the upregulation of kazrin F due to downregulated miR-186 levels contributes to malignancy,and highlight the significance of kazrin F in CC tumorigenesis.
文摘We conducted a prospective study of erectile dysfunction(ED)after urethral reconstructive surgery,using the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5),the Sexual Life Quality Questionnaire(SLQQ)and the Quality of Life Questionnaire(QoLQ).Between January 2003 and July 2007,125 male patients with urethral strictures underwent urethroplasty,and pre-and post-surgery erectile function was assessed using these three questionnaires.A formula to predict the probability of ED after urethroplasty was derived.At 3 months post-operatively,there was a significant decrease in IIEF-5(16.57±7.98)and SLQQ scores(28.71±14.84)compared with pre-operative scores(P<0.05).However,the IIEF-5 scores rebounded at 6 months post-operatively(17.22±8.41).Logistical regression analysis showed that the location of the urethral stricture,the recurrence of strictures and the choice of surgical technique were predictive of the post-operative occurrence of ED.This study identified the clinical risk factors for ED after urethroplasty.Posterior urethral stricture and end-to-end anastomosis were found to have a strong relationship with erectile function.The logistical model derived in this study may be applied to clinical decision algorithms for patients with urethral strictures.
文摘Hybridoma cells display an increase in antibody productivity following exposure to hypertonic conditions. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. In the present study, we hypothesize that the nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 （NFAT5）/tonicity enhancer binding protein （TonEBP） functions to increase the antibody productivity of hybridoma cells. NFAT5 is an osmosensitive mammalian transcription factor. However, its ubiquitous expression in various organs that are not bathed in hypertonic milieu suggests that NFAT5 may also regulate cell growth and function under isotonic conditions. In this study, we examined the expression of NFAT5 in hybridoma cells by Western blot analysis, and found that it increased significantly in hypertonic medium. To further define the function of NFAT5 in hybridoma cells, RNA interference technique was used to downregulate the expression of NFAT5 in SGB-8 cells （a hybridoma cell line）. In isotonic medium, antibody productivity ofhybridoma cells was reduced by downregulation of NFAT5 while cell proliferation was not influenced. The results presented here demonstrate that NFAT5 not only plays an important role in osmotic stress response pathway in hybridoma cells but also is essential for optimal antibody productivity.
基金supported by grant No.30872453 (to Dr.Wang) from National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo.BK2008166 (to Dr.Wang) from Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province+1 种基金No.2008-11 (to Dr.Wang) from Technology Bureau of Suzhou,ChinaNo.08KJD320005 (to Dr.Xie) from Natural Science Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province,China
文摘Parthenolide （PTN）, a selective nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） inhibitor, has been used extensively to inhibit NF-κB activation. The duration of the inhibitory effect of PTN on NF-kB in vivo remains unclear. This study was to determine whether a lipopolysaccharide （LPS） challenge 6, 12 and 24 h after the administration of PTN could activate NF-κB. Rats were devided into five groups. The rats in the PTN, PTN＋LPS and DMSO groups were injected intraperitoneally with PTN or DMSO. After 6, 12 or 24 h, LPS was administered in LPS and PTN＋LPS groups. The expressions of NF-κB p50, IκBα and p-IκBα were inhibited in both PTN and PTN＋LPS group at end of 6 and 12 h and no effects at 24 h. In summary, myocardial NF-κB expression occurs 1 h after the administration of LPS. PTN blocks this effect given at 6 h and no inhibitory effect 24 h after administration in vivo.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFF0206106)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB04040300)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51772317)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.16ZR1442700)
文摘We report on current-induced thermal power investigation of graphene nanostructure for potential local-heating ap-plications.It is found that the efficiency of heating can be greatly improved if graphene is patterned into structures with narrow width and long channel.In a narrow graphene-ribbon,the Joule heating power exhibits an obvious dependence on the back-gate voltage.By monitoring Raman spectra,the temperature of graphene-ribbon can be determined.The temperature of graphene-ribbon is modulated by the electric field effect when the sample is sourced with a relatively high current.
文摘OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of curcumin on proliferation and apop-tosis in the prostate cancer LNCaP cell line. METHODS The AXSYMTM system luciferase method was used to examine the effect of various concentratious of curcumin on the content of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer LNCaP cells. A pGL3-PSA luciferase expression vector, containing 640 bp DNA of the PSA gene 5' -promoter region was constructed and transfected into the LNCaP cells with lipofectin. By measuring luciferase activity, the effect of 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 30 and 40 μmol/L curcumin on the promoter was studied. Effects on cell growth and apoptosis were analyzed by microscopy, the MTT colorimetric assay and flow cytometry. Western-blotting was used to measure expression of the androgen receptor (AR) in the LNCaP cells treated with different concentrations of curcumin. RESULTS The results showed that the expression of PSA was inhibited as curcumin reduced the activity of luciferase. Curcumin also caused a sigificant concentration-dependent decrease in AR expession measured by Western -blotting. Cell growth was inhibited and apoptosis was induced. CONCLUSION By inhibiting AR expression, curcumin reduced the function of the PSA promoter and inhibited PSA protein expression. Curcumin decreased the cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells in a concention-dependent manner.
文摘Based on the incompressible RANS equation,the KVLCC1 ship’s resistance field’s numerical simulation is carried out.In this paper,the bare hull(calm water resistance and wave resistance)and hull-propellerrudder models are studied and compared with the values of the Hydrostatic resistance test.In the hull-propeller-rudder system’s performance analysis,the body force method is used to replace the real propeller model.The new calculation domain is set for the hull-propeller-rudder system model and meshed again to obtain the highly reliable numerical simulation results.Finally,the calculation results are analyzed.The research results in this paper can provide technical support for the resistance of similar ship types.
文摘Learning a foreign language is based on the master of its vocabulary. Vocabulary is one of the ＇bottlenecks＇ in the learning of English. It will greatly influence the expression in our communication. Both teachers and students need to pay much more attention to the learning of English vocabulary. This paper discusses the study of morphology from the perspective of modern linguistics, including the definitions of morpheme, types of morphemes, morphological structure and the main processes of word-formation of the language. Meanwhile, the author analyzes how the morphology study is applicable to English vocabulary teaching and learning in college, especially explores the purpose of the English vocabulary teaching in college, and finally proposes Some practical approaches of vocabulary teaching from the study of morphology.
基金supported by NIH,grant No.GM-63577NNSF,grant No.30571537,No.30271500+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30271500,30571537 and 813702462010 National Clinical Key Disciplines Construction Grant from the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China
文摘Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 on presynaptic neurons is postulated to suppress neu- ~ ~ ~ 2＋ ~ ~ 2＋ rotransmlsslon by decreasing Ca reflux through high voltage-gated Ca channels. However, recent studies suggest that cannabinoids which activate cannabinoid receptor type 1 can increase neurotransmitter release by enhancing Ca2＋ influx in vitro. The aim of the present study was to investigate the modulation of intracellular Ca2＋ concentration by the cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonist anandamide, and its underlying mechanisms. Using whole cell voltage-damp and calcium imaging in cultured trigeminal ganglion neurons, we found that anandamide directly caused Ca2＋ influx in a dose-dependent manner, which then triggered an increase of intracellular Ca2＋ concentration. The cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase systems, but not the protein kinase C system, were involved in the increased intracellular Ca2＋concentration by anandamide. This result showed that anandamide increased intracellu- lar Ca2＋ concentration and inhibited high voltage-gated Ca2＋ channels through different signal transduction pathways.
基金We would like to thank for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978103)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020B1515020021)+2 种基金the Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(201806010141)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province of China(KF201812)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2019MS083).
文摘Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibril(CMCNF)is an effective green dispersant to prepare well-dispersed monolayer montmorillonites(MMTs)in water,thereby facilitating the preparation of a high-performance MMT/polymer nanocomposite film.However,not enough attention has been paid to correlating the degree of substitution(DS)of CMCNFs with the mechanical and optical properties of the final nanocomposite films.In this study,a series of homogeneous monolayer MMT nanoplatelet dispersions was prepared initially using CMCNFs with different DS as a dispersant,and the as-prepared CMCNF-dispersed MMT dispersions were then mixed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na)to fabricate nacre-like nanocomposite films with different contents of MMTs through self-assembly.The layered nanostructure and optical and mechanical properties of the asprepared CMCNF-dispersed MMT/CMC-Na nanocomposite films were investigated,which demonstrated that CMCNFs with lower DS have a positive effect on their optical and mechanical properties.This study sheds light on the preparation of MMT-based nanocomposite films with superior optical and mechanical properties.
文摘[Objective]The research aimed to study rapid dechlodnation kinetics of 1,4-dichlorobenzene （1,4-DCB） by microwave-assisted Raney Ni -AI alloy catalyst. [ Method] Microwave-assisted Raney Ni -AI alloy catalyst was used for dechlorination of chlorobenzene （CB） and 1,4-DCB to analyze dechlorination kinetics of 1,4-DCB. [ Result] Reductive dechlorination reaction of 1,4-DCB by microwave-assisted Raney Ni- AI alloy catalyst was in accordance of the two-order reaction kinetics. Reaction rate constants of 1,4-DCB dechlorination at 35 and 50 ℃ were 0.037 6 and 0.151 mol/（ L . min）, and the activation energy was 76.66 kJ/mol. By microwave-assisted Raney Ni - AI alloy catalyst, dechlorination rate of 1,4- DCB reached 90% at 10 rain and 35 ℃. Moreover, two chlorine atoms were removed simultaneously, reaching the target of efficient dechlorination. [ Condusion] Oechlodnation of polychlodnated organic compounds by microwave-assisted Raney Ni- AI alloy catalyst obtained good effect .
文摘This paper proposes a non-segmented document clustering method using self-organizing map (SOM) and frequent max substring technique to improve the efficiency of information retrieval. SOM has been widely used for document clustering and is successful in many applications. However, when applying to non-segmented document, the challenge is to identify any interesting pattern efficiently. There are two main phases in the propose method: preprocessing phase and clustering phase. In the preprocessing phase, the frequent max substring technique is first applied to discover the patterns of interest called Frequent Max substrings that are long and frequent substrings, rather than individual words from the non-segmented texts. These discovered patterns are then used as indexing terms. The indexing terms together with their number of occurrences form a document vector. In the clustering phase, SOM is used to generate the document cluster map by using the feature vector of Frequent Max substrings. To demonstrate the proposed technique, experimental studies and comparison results on clustering the Thai text documents, which consist of non-segmented texts, are presented in this paper. The results show that the proposed technique can be used for Thai texts. The document cluster map generated with the method can be used to find the relevant documents more efficiently.
基金the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province under Grant No.2022AH020097the Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation Team of Anhui Colleges under Grant No.2022AH010098the Collaborative Innovation Project of University of Anhui Province under Grant No.GXXT-2022-088.H.Xie is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12174054.
文摘We propose a scheme to realize antibunched multiple-photon bundles based on phonon blockade in a quadratically coupled optomechanical system.Through adjusting the detunings to match the conditions of phonon blockade in the photon sidebands,we establish super-Rabi oscillation between zero-photon state and multiple-photon states with adjustable super-Rabi frequencies under appropriate single-phonon resonant conditions.Taking the system dissipation into account,we numerically calculate the standard and generalized second-order functions of the cavity mode as well as the quantum trajectories of the state populations with Monte Carlo simulation to confirm that the emitted photons form antibunched multiple-photon bundles.Interestingly,the desirable n-photon states are reconstructed after a direct phonon emission based on phonon blockade,and thus the single-phonon emission heralds the cascade emission of n-photon bundles.Our proposal shows that the optomechanical system can simultaneously behave as antibunched multiple-photon emitter and single-phonon gun.Such a nonclassical source could have potential applications in quantum information science.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91629302,81830094,81572790,31270818,and 81773002)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(19JCZDJC35900 and 16JCYBJC42400).
文摘We previously identified that hepatitis B virus(HBV)encodes a microRNA(HBV-miR-3)that restrains HBV replication by targeting the HBV transcript.However,whether HBV-miR-3 affects host innate immunity to modulate HBV replication remains unclear.Here,we examined the vital functions of HBV-miR-3 in the innate immune response after HBV infection.We found that HBV-miR-3 expression gradually increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner in HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells.HBV-miR-3 activated the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by downregulating SOCS5 in hepatocytes,thereby enhancing the IFN-induced anti-HBV effect.In addition,HBVmiR-3 in exosomes facilitated the Ml polarization of macrophages.Furthermore,exosomes containing HBV-miR-3 enhanced the secretion of IL-6 via inhibiting the SOCS5-mediated ubiquitination of EGFR.In short,these results demonstrate that HBV-miR-3 activates the innate immune response to restrain HBV replication by multiple pathways,which may suppress HBV-induced acute liver cell injury and affect the progression of persistent HBV infection.
文摘The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the outcomes of patients who underwent one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty using a lingual mucosal graft （LMG） after failed hypospadias repairs. Inclusion criteria included a history of failed hypospadias repair, insufficiency of the local skin that made a reoperation with skin flaps difficult, and necessity of an oral mucosal graft urethroplasty. Patients were excluded if they had undergone a failed hypospadias repair using the foreskin or a multistage repair urethroplasty. Between January 2008 and December 2012, 110 patients with failed hypospadias repairs were treated in our center. Of these patients, 56 underwent a one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty using LMG. The median age was 21.8 years （range： 4-45 years）. Of the 56 patients, one-stage onlay LMG urethroplasty was performed in 42 patients （group 1）, and a modified Snodgrass technique using one-stage inlay LMG urethroplasty was performed in 14 （group 2）. The median LMG urethroplasty length was 5.6 ± 1.6 cm （range： 4-13 cm）. The mean follow-up was 34.7 months （range： 10-58 months）, and complications developed in 12 of 56 patients （21.4%）, including urethrocutaneous fistulas in 7 （6 in group 1, 1 in group 2） and neourethral strictures in 5 （4 in group 1, 1 in group 2）. The total success rate was 78.6%. Our survey suggests that one-stage onlay or inlay urethroplasty with LMG may be an effective option to treat the patients with less available skin after failed hypospadias repairs; LMG harvesting is easy and safe, irrespective of the patient＇s age.
基金This study was supported,in part,by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81671451)the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine(Academy of Forensic Science,No.KF1915).
文摘This study aimed to evaluate whether adding a vacuum erection device(VED)to regular use of Tadalafil could achieve better penile rehabilitation following posterior urethroplasty for pelvic fracture-related urethral injury(PFUI).Altogether,78 PFUI patients with erectile dysfunction(ED)after primary posterior urethroplasty were enrolled and divided into two treatment groups:VED combined with Tadalafil(Group 1,n=36)and Tadalafil only(Group 2,n=42).Changes in penile length,testosterone level,International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)questionnaire,Quality of Erection Questionnaire(QEQ),and nocturnal penile tumescence(NPT)testing were used to assess erectile function before and after 6 months of ED treatment.Results showed that the addition of VED to regular use of Tadalafil preserved more penile length statistically(0.4±0.9 vs-0.8±0.7 cm,P<0.01).IIEF-5 score and QEQ score in Group 1 were higher than Group 2(both P<0.05).After treatment,21/36(5&3%)Group 1 patients and 19/42(45.2%)Group 2 patients could complete vaginal penetration.Group 1 patients also had markedly improved testosterone levels(P=0.01).Unexpectedly,there was no significant difference in NPT testing between two therapies.For PFUI patients with ED after posterior urethroplasty,the addition of VED to regular use of Tadalafil could significantly improve their conditions-improving erection and increasing penile length-thus increasing patient satisfaction and confidence in penile rehabilitation.
