The continuous eddy current pulse treatment(ECPT)combined with heat treatment was employed to heal the microcracks in spin formed Mg alloy tubes and improve their mechanical properties in this study.The results show t...The continuous eddy current pulse treatment(ECPT)combined with heat treatment was employed to heal the microcracks in spin formed Mg alloy tubes and improve their mechanical properties in this study.The results show that all the microcracks in different tube specimens were almost healed after different continuous ECPT schemes up to 15 cycles.The schemes with less cooling intervals exhibited better healing effect and increased the strength and elongation of Mg alloy tubes more obviously.After aging treatment,the strength improvement of the specimens with ECPT was more remarkable than that of the specimens without ECPT,and the elongation decrease of the specimens with ECPT was less evident than that of specimens without ECPT due to the segregation of RE elements on the crack surface.Besides,after solution treatment,the strength reduction and ductility improvement of the specimens with ECPT were more pronounced than that of the specimens without ECPT owing to the notable decrease of dislocation density of the specimens with ECPT.Both narrowed cracks induced by ECPT and the segregation of precipitates in the vicinity of microcrack surface during aging treatment contributed to the maximum strength in the as-spun specimens with ECPT followed by aging treatment.展开更多
Spatial dimension of pores and interconnection in macroporous scaffolds is of particular importance in facilitating endogenous cell migration and bone tissue ingrowth.However,it is still a challenge to widely tune str...Spatial dimension of pores and interconnection in macroporous scaffolds is of particular importance in facilitating endogenous cell migration and bone tissue ingrowth.However,it is still a challenge to widely tune structure parameters of scaffolds by conventional methods because of inevitable pore geometrical deformation and poor pore interconnectivity.Here,the long-term in vivo biological performances of nonstoichiometric bioceramic scaffolds with different pore dimensions were assessed in critical-size femoral bone defect model.The 6%Mg-substituted wollastonite(CSi-Mg6)powders were prepared via wet-chemical precipitation and the scaffolds elaborately printed by ceramic stereolithography,displaying designed constant pore strut and tailorable pore height(200,320,450,600μm),were investigated thoroughly in the bone regeneration process.Together with detailed structural stability and mechanical properties were collaboratively outlined.BothμCT and histological analyses indicated that bone tissue ingrowth was retarded in 200μm scaffolds in the whole stage(2-16 weeks)but the 320μm scaffolds showed appreciable bone tissue in the center of porous constructs at 6-10 weeks and matured bone tissue were uniformly invaded in the whole pore networks at 16 weeks.Interestingly,the neo-tissue ingrowth was facilitated in the 450μm and 600μm scaffolds after 2 weeks and higher extent of bone regeneration and remodeling at the later stage.These new findings provide critical information on how engineered porous architecture impact bone regeneration in vivo.Simultaneously,this study shows important implications for optimizing the porous scaffolds design by advanced additive manufacture technique to match the clinical translation with high performance.展开更多
Mechanical strength and its long-term stability of bioceramic scaffolds is still a problem to treat the osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Considering the long-term stability of diopside(DIO)ceramic but poor mechanical...Mechanical strength and its long-term stability of bioceramic scaffolds is still a problem to treat the osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Considering the long-term stability of diopside(DIO)ceramic but poor mechanical strength,we developed the DIO-based porous bioceramic composites via dilute magnesium substituted wollastonite reinforcing and three-dimensional(3D)printing.The experimental results showed that the secondary phase(i.e.10%magnesium substituting calcium silicate;CSM10)could readily improve the sintering property of the bioceramic composites(DIO/CSM10-x,x=0-30)with increasing the CSM10 content from 0%to 30%,and the presence of the CSM10 also improved the biomimetic apatite mineralization ability in the pore struts of the scaffolds.Furthermore,the flexible strength(12.5 -30 MPa)and compressive strength(14-37 MPa)of the 3D printed porous bioceramics remarkably increased with increasing CSM10 content,and the compressive strength of DIO/CSM10-30 showed a limited decay(from 37 MPa to 29 MPa)in the Tris buffer solution for a long time stage(8 weeks).These findings suggest that the new CSM10-reinforced diopside porous constructs possess excellent mechanical properties and can potentially be used to the clinic,especially for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head work as a bioceramic rod.展开更多
Background:Countries that aimed for eliminating the cases of COVID-19 with test-trace-isolate policy are found to have lower infections,deaths,and better economic performance,compared with those that opted for other m...Background:Countries that aimed for eliminating the cases of COVID-19 with test-trace-isolate policy are found to have lower infections,deaths,and better economic performance,compared with those that opted for other mitigation strategies.However,the continuous evolution of new strains has raised the question of whether COVID-19 eradication is still possible given the limited public health response capacity and fatigue of the epidemic.We aim to investigate the mechanism of the Zero-COVID policy on outbreak containment,and to explore the possibility of eradication of Omicron transmission using the citywide test-trace-isolate(CTTI)strategy.Methods:We develop a compartmental model incorporating the CTTI Zero-COVID policy to understand how it contributes to the SARS-CoV-2 elimination.We employ our model to mimic the Delta outbreak in Fujian Province,China,from September 10 to October 9,2021,and the Omicron outbreak in Jilin Province,China for the period from March 1 to April 1,2022.Projections and sensitivity analyses were conducted using dynamical system and Latin Hypercube Sampling/Partial Rank Correlation Coefcient(PRCC).Results:Calibration results of the model estimate the Fujian Delta outbreak can end in 30(95%confdence interval CI:28–33)days,after 10(95%CI:9–11)rounds of citywide testing.The emerging Jilin Omicron outbreak may achieve zero COVID cases in 50(95%CI:41–57)days if supported with sufcient public health resources and population compliance,which shows the efectiveness of the CTTI Zero-COVID policy.Conclusions:The CTTI policy shows the capacity for the eradication of the Delta outbreaks and also the Omicron outbreaks.Nonetheless,the implementation of radical CTTI is challenging,which requires routine monitoring for early detection,adequate testing capacity,efcient contact tracing,and high isolation compliance,which constrain its benefts in regions with limited resources.Moreover,these challenges become even more acute in the face of more contagious variants with a high proportion of asymptomatic cases.Hence,in regions where CTTI is not possible,personal protection,public health control measures,and vaccination are indispensable for mitigating and exiting the COVID-19 pandemic.展开更多
The pore architecture of porous scaffolds is a critical factor in osteogenesis,but it is a challenge to precisely configure strut-based scaffolds because of the inevitable filament corner and pore geometry deformation...The pore architecture of porous scaffolds is a critical factor in osteogenesis,but it is a challenge to precisely configure strut-based scaffolds because of the inevitable filament corner and pore geometry deformation.This study provides a pore architecture tailoring strategy in which a series of Mg-doped wollastonite scaffolds with fully interconnected pore networks and curved pore architectures called triply periodic minimal surfaces(TPMS),which are similar to cancellous bone,are fabricated by a digital light processing technique.The sheet-TPMS pore geometries(s-Diamond,s-Gyroid)contribute to a 3‒4-fold higher initial compressive strength and 20%-40%faster Mg-ion-release rate compared to the other-TPMS scaffolds,including Diamond,Gyroid,and the Schoen’s I-graph-Wrapped Package(IWP)in vitro.However,we found that Gyroid and Diamond pore scaffolds can significantly induce osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Analyses of rabbit experiments in vivo show that the regeneration of bone tissue in the sheet-TPMS pore geometry is delayed;on the other hand,Diamond and Gyroid pore scaffolds show notable neo-bone tissue in the center pore regions during the early stages(3-5 weeks)and the bone tissue uniformly fills the whole porous network after 7 weeks.Collectively,the design methods in this study provide an important perspective for optimizing the pore architecture design of bioceramic scaffolds to accelerate the rate of osteogenesis and promote the clinical translation of bioceramic scaffolds in the repair of bone defects.展开更多
Pore architecture in bioceramic scaffolds plays an important role in facilitating vascularization efficiency during bone repair or orbital reconstruction.Many investigations have explored this relationship but lack in...Pore architecture in bioceramic scaffolds plays an important role in facilitating vascularization efficiency during bone repair or orbital reconstruction.Many investigations have explored this relationship but lack integrating pore architectural features in a scaffold,hindering optimization of architectural parameters(geometry,size and curvature)to improve vascularization and consequently clinical outcomes.To address this challenge,we have developed an integrating design strategy to fabricate different pore architectures(cube,gyroid and hexagon)with different pore dimensions(-350,500 and 650 lm)in the silicate-based bioceramic scaffolds via digital light processing technique.The sintered scaffolds maintained high-fidelity pore architectures similar to the printing model.The hexagon-and gyroid-pore scaffolds exhibited the highest and lowest compressive strength(from 15 to 55MPa),respectively,but the cube-pore scaffolds showed appreciable elastic modulus.Moreover,the gyroid-pore architecture contributed on a faster ion dissolution and mass decay in vitro.It is interesting that bothμCT and histological analyses indicate vascularization efficiency was challenged even in the 650-μm pore region of hexagon-pore scaffolds within 2weeks in rabbit models,but the gyroid-pore constructs indicated appreciable blood vessel networks even in the 350-μm pore region at 2weeks and high-density blood vessels were uniformly invaded in the 500-and 650-μm pore at 4weeks.Angiogenesis was facilitated in the cube-pore scaffolds in comparison with the hexagon-pore ones within 4weeks.These studies demonstrate that the continuous pore wall curvature feature in gyroid-pore architecture is an important implication for biodegradation,vascular cell migration and vessel ingrowth in porous bioceramic scaffolds.展开更多
Malaria transmission can be affected by multiple or even hidden factors,making it difficult to timely and accurately predict the impact of elimination and eradication programs that have been undertaken and the potenti...Malaria transmission can be affected by multiple or even hidden factors,making it difficult to timely and accurately predict the impact of elimination and eradication programs that have been undertaken and the potential resurgence and spread that may continue to emerge.One approach at the moment is to develop and deploy surveillance systems in an attempt to identify them as timely as possible and thus to enable policy makers to modify and implement strategies for further preventing the transmission.Most of the surveillance data will be of temporal and spatial nature.From an interdisciplinary point of view,it would be interesting to ask the following important as well as challenging question:Based on the available surveillance data in temporal and spatial forms,how can we build a more effective surveillance mechanism for monitoring and early detecting the relative prevalence and transmission patterns of malaria?What we can note from the existing clustering-based surveillance software systems is that they do not infer the underlying transmission networks of malaria.However,such networks can be quite informative and insightful as they characterize how malaria transmits from one place to another.They can also in turn allow public health policy makers and researchers to uncover the hidden and interacting factors such as environment,genetics and ecology and to discover/predict malaria transmission patterns/trends.The network perspective further extends the present approaches to modelling malaria transmission based on a set of chosen factors.In this article,we survey the related work on transmission network inference,discuss how such an approach can be utilized in developing an effective computational means for inferring malaria transmission networks based on partial surveillance data,and what methodological steps and issues may be involved in its formulation and validation.展开更多
Background Out of the 21 neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)listed by the World Health Organization,15 affect the People’s Republic of China.Despite significant achievements in controlling NTDs,comprehensive assessment...Background Out of the 21 neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)listed by the World Health Organization,15 affect the People’s Republic of China.Despite significant achievements in controlling NTDs,comprehensive assessments of the disease burden based on actual case data and detailed information on spatial and temporal dynamics are still lacking.This study aims to assess the disease burden and spatial-temporal distribution of NTDs in China from 2005 to 2020,to provide a reference for the formulation of national health agendas in line with the global health agenda,and guide resource allocation.Methods The number of cases and deaths of major NTDs in China from 2005 to 2020 were downloaded from the China Public Health Science Data Center(https://www.phsciencedata.cn/Share/index.jsp)of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and relevant literatures.Simplified formulas for disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)helped estimate the years of life lost(YLLs),years lived with disability(YLDs),and total DALYs.Spatial autocor-relation analysis of the average NTDs burden data for the years 2005 to 2020 was evaluated using Moran’sI statistic.Results China’s overall NTDs burden decreased significantly,from 245,444.53 DALYs in 2005 to 18,984.34 DALYs in 2020,marking a reduction of 92.27%.In 2005,the DALYs caused by schistosomiasis and rabies represent a substantial proportion of the total disease burden,accounting for 65.37%and 34.43%respectively.In 2015,Hunan and Sichuan provinces had the highest diversity of NTDs,with 9 and 8 number of different NTDs reported respectively.And the highest disease burden was observed in Sichuan(242,683.46 DALYs),Xizang Zizhiqu(178,318.99 DALYs)and Guangdong(154,228.31 DALYs).The"high-high"clustering areas of NTDs were mainly in China’s central and southern regions,as identified by spatial autocorrelation analysis.Conclusions China has made unremitting efforts in the prevention and control of NTDs,and the disease burden of major NTDs in China has decreased significantly.Using the One Health concept to guide disease prevention and control in the field to effectively save medical resources and achieve precise intervention.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51775137 and 51635005)。
文摘The continuous eddy current pulse treatment(ECPT)combined with heat treatment was employed to heal the microcracks in spin formed Mg alloy tubes and improve their mechanical properties in this study.The results show that all the microcracks in different tube specimens were almost healed after different continuous ECPT schemes up to 15 cycles.The schemes with less cooling intervals exhibited better healing effect and increased the strength and elongation of Mg alloy tubes more obviously.After aging treatment,the strength improvement of the specimens with ECPT was more remarkable than that of the specimens without ECPT,and the elongation decrease of the specimens with ECPT was less evident than that of specimens without ECPT due to the segregation of RE elements on the crack surface.Besides,after solution treatment,the strength reduction and ductility improvement of the specimens with ECPT were more pronounced than that of the specimens without ECPT owing to the notable decrease of dislocation density of the specimens with ECPT.Both narrowed cracks induced by ECPT and the segregation of precipitates in the vicinity of microcrack surface during aging treatment contributed to the maximum strength in the as-spun specimens with ECPT followed by aging treatment.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFE0117700,2018YC1105401)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81772311,81871775)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province Foundation(LGF18E020001,LGF20H060016).
文摘Spatial dimension of pores and interconnection in macroporous scaffolds is of particular importance in facilitating endogenous cell migration and bone tissue ingrowth.However,it is still a challenge to widely tune structure parameters of scaffolds by conventional methods because of inevitable pore geometrical deformation and poor pore interconnectivity.Here,the long-term in vivo biological performances of nonstoichiometric bioceramic scaffolds with different pore dimensions were assessed in critical-size femoral bone defect model.The 6%Mg-substituted wollastonite(CSi-Mg6)powders were prepared via wet-chemical precipitation and the scaffolds elaborately printed by ceramic stereolithography,displaying designed constant pore strut and tailorable pore height(200,320,450,600μm),were investigated thoroughly in the bone regeneration process.Together with detailed structural stability and mechanical properties were collaboratively outlined.BothμCT and histological analyses indicated that bone tissue ingrowth was retarded in 200μm scaffolds in the whole stage(2-16 weeks)but the 320μm scaffolds showed appreciable bone tissue in the center of porous constructs at 6-10 weeks and matured bone tissue were uniformly invaded in the whole pore networks at 16 weeks.Interestingly,the neo-tissue ingrowth was facilitated in the 450μm and 600μm scaffolds after 2 weeks and higher extent of bone regeneration and remodeling at the later stage.These new findings provide critical information on how engineered porous architecture impact bone regeneration in vivo.Simultaneously,this study shows important implications for optimizing the porous scaffolds design by advanced additive manufacture technique to match the clinical translation with high performance.
基金This work was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ14E020001,LQ14H060003)gs2:National Science Foundation of China(51372218,81271956,81301326)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province Foundation(2015C33119,2014C33202).
文摘Mechanical strength and its long-term stability of bioceramic scaffolds is still a problem to treat the osteonecrosis of the femoral head.Considering the long-term stability of diopside(DIO)ceramic but poor mechanical strength,we developed the DIO-based porous bioceramic composites via dilute magnesium substituted wollastonite reinforcing and three-dimensional(3D)printing.The experimental results showed that the secondary phase(i.e.10%magnesium substituting calcium silicate;CSM10)could readily improve the sintering property of the bioceramic composites(DIO/CSM10-x,x=0-30)with increasing the CSM10 content from 0%to 30%,and the presence of the CSM10 also improved the biomimetic apatite mineralization ability in the pore struts of the scaffolds.Furthermore,the flexible strength(12.5 -30 MPa)and compressive strength(14-37 MPa)of the 3D printed porous bioceramics remarkably increased with increasing CSM10 content,and the compressive strength of DIO/CSM10-30 showed a limited decay(from 37 MPa to 29 MPa)in the Tris buffer solution for a long time stage(8 weeks).These findings suggest that the new CSM10-reinforced diopside porous constructs possess excellent mechanical properties and can potentially be used to the clinic,especially for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head work as a bioceramic rod.
文摘Background:Countries that aimed for eliminating the cases of COVID-19 with test-trace-isolate policy are found to have lower infections,deaths,and better economic performance,compared with those that opted for other mitigation strategies.However,the continuous evolution of new strains has raised the question of whether COVID-19 eradication is still possible given the limited public health response capacity and fatigue of the epidemic.We aim to investigate the mechanism of the Zero-COVID policy on outbreak containment,and to explore the possibility of eradication of Omicron transmission using the citywide test-trace-isolate(CTTI)strategy.Methods:We develop a compartmental model incorporating the CTTI Zero-COVID policy to understand how it contributes to the SARS-CoV-2 elimination.We employ our model to mimic the Delta outbreak in Fujian Province,China,from September 10 to October 9,2021,and the Omicron outbreak in Jilin Province,China for the period from March 1 to April 1,2022.Projections and sensitivity analyses were conducted using dynamical system and Latin Hypercube Sampling/Partial Rank Correlation Coefcient(PRCC).Results:Calibration results of the model estimate the Fujian Delta outbreak can end in 30(95%confdence interval CI:28–33)days,after 10(95%CI:9–11)rounds of citywide testing.The emerging Jilin Omicron outbreak may achieve zero COVID cases in 50(95%CI:41–57)days if supported with sufcient public health resources and population compliance,which shows the efectiveness of the CTTI Zero-COVID policy.Conclusions:The CTTI policy shows the capacity for the eradication of the Delta outbreaks and also the Omicron outbreaks.Nonetheless,the implementation of radical CTTI is challenging,which requires routine monitoring for early detection,adequate testing capacity,efcient contact tracing,and high isolation compliance,which constrain its benefts in regions with limited resources.Moreover,these challenges become even more acute in the face of more contagious variants with a high proportion of asymptomatic cases.Hence,in regions where CTTI is not possible,personal protection,public health control measures,and vaccination are indispensable for mitigating and exiting the COVID-19 pandemic.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFE0117700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172419,81902225,81871775)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LGF21H060006,LZ22E020002,LQ23H060005,LQ23H150004)Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project(LGF22E030002).
文摘The pore architecture of porous scaffolds is a critical factor in osteogenesis,but it is a challenge to precisely configure strut-based scaffolds because of the inevitable filament corner and pore geometry deformation.This study provides a pore architecture tailoring strategy in which a series of Mg-doped wollastonite scaffolds with fully interconnected pore networks and curved pore architectures called triply periodic minimal surfaces(TPMS),which are similar to cancellous bone,are fabricated by a digital light processing technique.The sheet-TPMS pore geometries(s-Diamond,s-Gyroid)contribute to a 3‒4-fold higher initial compressive strength and 20%-40%faster Mg-ion-release rate compared to the other-TPMS scaffolds,including Diamond,Gyroid,and the Schoen’s I-graph-Wrapped Package(IWP)in vitro.However,we found that Gyroid and Diamond pore scaffolds can significantly induce osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Analyses of rabbit experiments in vivo show that the regeneration of bone tissue in the sheet-TPMS pore geometry is delayed;on the other hand,Diamond and Gyroid pore scaffolds show notable neo-bone tissue in the center pore regions during the early stages(3-5 weeks)and the bone tissue uniformly fills the whole porous network after 7 weeks.Collectively,the design methods in this study provide an important perspective for optimizing the pore architecture design of bioceramic scaffolds to accelerate the rate of osteogenesis and promote the clinical translation of bioceramic scaffolds in the repair of bone defects.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFE0117700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871775,81902225,81772311)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LBY21H060001,LGF21H060002,Z22E029971)the Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province(2020KY929,2020RC115).
文摘Pore architecture in bioceramic scaffolds plays an important role in facilitating vascularization efficiency during bone repair or orbital reconstruction.Many investigations have explored this relationship but lack integrating pore architectural features in a scaffold,hindering optimization of architectural parameters(geometry,size and curvature)to improve vascularization and consequently clinical outcomes.To address this challenge,we have developed an integrating design strategy to fabricate different pore architectures(cube,gyroid and hexagon)with different pore dimensions(-350,500 and 650 lm)in the silicate-based bioceramic scaffolds via digital light processing technique.The sintered scaffolds maintained high-fidelity pore architectures similar to the printing model.The hexagon-and gyroid-pore scaffolds exhibited the highest and lowest compressive strength(from 15 to 55MPa),respectively,but the cube-pore scaffolds showed appreciable elastic modulus.Moreover,the gyroid-pore architecture contributed on a faster ion dissolution and mass decay in vitro.It is interesting that bothμCT and histological analyses indicate vascularization efficiency was challenged even in the 650-μm pore region of hexagon-pore scaffolds within 2weeks in rabbit models,but the gyroid-pore constructs indicated appreciable blood vessel networks even in the 350-μm pore region at 2weeks and high-density blood vessels were uniformly invaded in the 500-and 650-μm pore at 4weeks.Angiogenesis was facilitated in the cube-pore scaffolds in comparison with the hexagon-pore ones within 4weeks.These studies demonstrate that the continuous pore wall curvature feature in gyroid-pore architecture is an important implication for biodegradation,vascular cell migration and vessel ingrowth in porous bioceramic scaffolds.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the funding support of Hong Kong Research Grants Council(RGC)for the work being presented in this article(HKBU211212)Bo Yang would also like to acknowledge the support of Chinese Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-11-0204).
文摘Malaria transmission can be affected by multiple or even hidden factors,making it difficult to timely and accurately predict the impact of elimination and eradication programs that have been undertaken and the potential resurgence and spread that may continue to emerge.One approach at the moment is to develop and deploy surveillance systems in an attempt to identify them as timely as possible and thus to enable policy makers to modify and implement strategies for further preventing the transmission.Most of the surveillance data will be of temporal and spatial nature.From an interdisciplinary point of view,it would be interesting to ask the following important as well as challenging question:Based on the available surveillance data in temporal and spatial forms,how can we build a more effective surveillance mechanism for monitoring and early detecting the relative prevalence and transmission patterns of malaria?What we can note from the existing clustering-based surveillance software systems is that they do not infer the underlying transmission networks of malaria.However,such networks can be quite informative and insightful as they characterize how malaria transmits from one place to another.They can also in turn allow public health policy makers and researchers to uncover the hidden and interacting factors such as environment,genetics and ecology and to discover/predict malaria transmission patterns/trends.The network perspective further extends the present approaches to modelling malaria transmission based on a set of chosen factors.In this article,we survey the related work on transmission network inference,discuss how such an approach can be utilized in developing an effective computational means for inferring malaria transmission networks based on partial surveillance data,and what methodological steps and issues may be involved in its formulation and validation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260655)Hainan Natural Science Foundation(821CXTD440)National Key Research and Development Program of People’s Republic of China(grant no.2021YFC2300800 and 2021YFC2300804)。
文摘Background Out of the 21 neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)listed by the World Health Organization,15 affect the People’s Republic of China.Despite significant achievements in controlling NTDs,comprehensive assessments of the disease burden based on actual case data and detailed information on spatial and temporal dynamics are still lacking.This study aims to assess the disease burden and spatial-temporal distribution of NTDs in China from 2005 to 2020,to provide a reference for the formulation of national health agendas in line with the global health agenda,and guide resource allocation.Methods The number of cases and deaths of major NTDs in China from 2005 to 2020 were downloaded from the China Public Health Science Data Center(https://www.phsciencedata.cn/Share/index.jsp)of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and relevant literatures.Simplified formulas for disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)helped estimate the years of life lost(YLLs),years lived with disability(YLDs),and total DALYs.Spatial autocor-relation analysis of the average NTDs burden data for the years 2005 to 2020 was evaluated using Moran’sI statistic.Results China’s overall NTDs burden decreased significantly,from 245,444.53 DALYs in 2005 to 18,984.34 DALYs in 2020,marking a reduction of 92.27%.In 2005,the DALYs caused by schistosomiasis and rabies represent a substantial proportion of the total disease burden,accounting for 65.37%and 34.43%respectively.In 2015,Hunan and Sichuan provinces had the highest diversity of NTDs,with 9 and 8 number of different NTDs reported respectively.And the highest disease burden was observed in Sichuan(242,683.46 DALYs),Xizang Zizhiqu(178,318.99 DALYs)and Guangdong(154,228.31 DALYs).The"high-high"clustering areas of NTDs were mainly in China’s central and southern regions,as identified by spatial autocorrelation analysis.Conclusions China has made unremitting efforts in the prevention and control of NTDs,and the disease burden of major NTDs in China has decreased significantly.Using the One Health concept to guide disease prevention and control in the field to effectively save medical resources and achieve precise intervention.
