Yingshan Yunwu tea was a characteristic agricultural product in Hubei Province.It possesses special flavor and great taste.However,the lack of Yunwu tea products made it lose competition in the market.In this study,th...Yingshan Yunwu tea was a characteristic agricultural product in Hubei Province.It possesses special flavor and great taste.However,the lack of Yunwu tea products made it lose competition in the market.In this study,the peanuts with Yingshan Yunwu tea flavor were cooked,and the effect of factors on the sensory test was investigated.The single-factor experiment was performed to study all factors on the sensory score of the peanut,including tea amount,salt amount,sugar amount,flavor amount and cooking time.Then,response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken design were carried out,and the optimal formulation composition was 100 g peanuts,500 mL of water,25 g tea,5 g salt,8 g sugar and 1 g tea flavor with a sensory score of 94.3 points.This study demonstrated that the peanuts with Yingshan Yunwu flavor could be a valuable product for the market and contribute to promoting practical application of Yingshan Yunwu tea.展开更多
Objectives:To explore the factors affecting breastfeeding behaviors in women after cesarean section.Methods:This is a qualitative study that used a phenomenological approach.This study used individual face-to-face int...Objectives:To explore the factors affecting breastfeeding behaviors in women after cesarean section.Methods:This is a qualitative study that used a phenomenological approach.This study used individual face-to-face interviews with 19 women who underwent a cesarean section in a Women and Children’s Hospital in China between July to September 2019.Information saturationwas used to determine sample size.Data were analyzed using a thematic content analysis method.Themes were developed based on the theory of planned behavior.Results:Thirteen(68.42%)had a planned cesarean section,and six(31.58%)cesarean sections were unplanned or emergent.Three major themes emerged:ambivalent attitude about breastfeeding,motivation to comply with the traditional cultural norms,and barriers and challenges.The motivating factors for breastfeeding after cesarean sections included perceived benefits of human milk,support from healthcare professionals,and responsibility for breastfeeding.The challenges for breastfeeding after cesarean sections included physical discomfort,knowledge and skills deficit of breastfeeding,lactation deficiency,and lack of knowledge and coping skills in managing their depressive mood after cesarean sections.There were a couple of neutral factors,such as the influences of family and peers.These factors could influence women either positively as facilitators or negatively as barriers.Conclusions:The findings can offer valuable information for healthcare professionals to help women breastfeed after cesarean sections.To promote women’s breastfeeding behaviors after cesarean sections,it is necessary to change women’s attitudes,belief systems,and the external environments and help them become more confident.展开更多
Objectives:To examine the efficacy of an intervention based on the theory of planned behavior(TPB)in improving breastfeeding behavior among women with cesarean sections(C-sections).Methods:This research was a randomiz...Objectives:To examine the efficacy of an intervention based on the theory of planned behavior(TPB)in improving breastfeeding behavior among women with cesarean sections(C-sections).Methods:This research was a randomized controlled trial.Women with planned elective C-sections were recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial between June and September 2020.One hundred thirty-two women were divided randomly into the intervention(n=66)and control group(n=66)by systematic random sampling.In the intervention group,an intervention project was implemented after Keywords:Breastfeeding Cesarean section Intervention studies Theory of planned behavior the C-section to establish positive breastfeeding attitudes,cultivate supportive subjective norms,enhance perceived behavioral control,and strengthen breastfeeding intention to change behaviors.Those in the control group received routine pre-and post-delivery care.Exclusive breastfeeding rate and breast problem were collected at 5 days,2 weeks,and 1 month after C-section.The modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool(BAPT)on the first day in the hospital,two weeks,and one month after C-section and Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)24 h postoperatively were used to compare the intervention effect between the two groups.Results:After the intervention,the intervention group had significantly higher exclusive breastfeeding rates than the control group at five days(86.4%vs.60.6%),two weeks(77.3%vs.57.6%),and one month(74.2%vs.50.0%)after the C-section.Besides,the intervention group was less likely to have sore nipples at five days(6.1%vs.18.2%in the control group,P<0.05)and two weeks(9.1%vs.12.1%in the control group,P<0.05).After two weeks of intervention,attitude scores(90.64±8.31 vs.87.20±8.15,P<0.05),subjective norm scores(88.07±24.65 vs.79.42±19.47,P<0.05)and behavior control scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group.After one month of intervention,attitude scores(90.34±10.35 vs.84.22±10.51,P<0.05)and behavior control scores(43.13±5.02 vs.39.15±4.69,P<0.05)in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group,which resulted in the higher breastfeeding intention in the intervention group.Conclusion:This study indicated that the TPB-based interventions effectively improved women's breastfeeding behaviors after C-sections.展开更多
Heuristic optimization methods provide a robust and efficient approach to solving complex optimization problems.This paper presents a hybrid optimization technique combining two heuristic optimization methods,artifici...Heuristic optimization methods provide a robust and efficient approach to solving complex optimization problems.This paper presents a hybrid optimization technique combining two heuristic optimization methods,artificial immune system（AIS） and particle swarm optimization（PSO）,together in searching for the global optima of nonlinear functions.The proposed algorithm,namely hybrid anti-prematuration optimization method,contains four significant operators,i.e.swarm operator,cloning operator,suppression operator,and receptor editing operator.The swarm operator is inspired by the particle swarm intelligence,and the clone operator,suppression operator,and receptor editing operator are gleaned by the artificial immune system.The simulation results of three representative nonlinear test functions demonstrate the superiority of the hybrid optimization algorithm over the conventional methods with regard to both the solution quality and convergence rate.It is also employed to cope with a real-world optimization problem.展开更多
Carbendazim,belonging to fungicides,was commonly used for controlling crop diseases,resulting in frequent residues in fruits and vegetables.Washing was the initial step of household fruit processing for cleaning and r...Carbendazim,belonging to fungicides,was commonly used for controlling crop diseases,resulting in frequent residues in fruits and vegetables.Washing was the initial step of household fruit processing for cleaning and reducing pollutant contents.However,the effect of washing on the removal of carbendazim in apples was not systemically studied.Thus,in this study,an analytical method was firstly established for the determination of carbendazim with great accuracy and precision through quick,simple,cheap,effective and safe(QuEChERS)method and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(UPLC-FLD).Then,the influencing factors were systematically researched to unveil their effects on the carbendazim residue in apples.The results indicated that water temperature,washing products and washing method could obviously affect the carbendazim content in apples.In addition,the best cleaning scheme for removal of carbendazim was soaking apples for 5 min in a cleaning solution,which was prepared by dissolving 8 g of commercial fruit washing soup with 500 ml of water at 45℃.Under this condition,the removal rate of carbendazim in the washing step reached 73.91%.This study will be helpful for providing guidance for household cleaning methods for controlling pesticide residues.展开更多
Lithium oxalyldifluoroborate （LiODFB） was synthesized in dimethyl carbonate solvent and purified by the method of solvent-out crystallization. The structure characterization and thermal stability of LiODFB were perf...Lithium oxalyldifluoroborate （LiODFB） was synthesized in dimethyl carbonate solvent and purified by the method of solvent-out crystallization. The structure characterization and thermal stability of LiODFB were performed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectrometry and thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA）. LiODFB was exposed to 50% humid air at 25 ℃for different time, then dried at 80 ℃ for 12 h, and the electrochemical properties of the cells using 1 mol/L dried LiODFB in ethylene carbonate -I- dimethyl carbonate ＋ ethyl（methyl）carbonate were investigated. The results showed that, pure crystallization LiODFB was obtained; it had good thermal stability with a thermal decomposition temperature of 248 ℃; when it was exposed to humid air, it was firstly converted into LiODFB.H20; with increasing exposure time, more and stronger impurity peaks in the X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns of LiODFB were observed, and both the discharge specific capacity and the capacity retention decreased gradually.展开更多
Background:Gastric cancer brain metastasis(GCBM)represents a rare but highly aggressive malignancy.Metastatic cancer cells are highly heterogeneous and differentially remodels brain vasculature and immune microenviron...Background:Gastric cancer brain metastasis(GCBM)represents a rare but highly aggressive malignancy.Metastatic cancer cells are highly heterogeneous and differentially remodels brain vasculature and immune microenvironments,which affects the treatment effectiveness and patient outcome.This study aimed to investigate the spatial interactions among different cell components,espe-cially the vasculature system and the brain microenvironment of GCBM patients.Methods:We used digital spatial profiling to examine 140 regions composing tumor,immune,and brain tissues from three GCBM patients.Transcriptomic data with spatial information were analyzed for tissue areas related to different blood recruitment strategies.For validation,independent analysis of patient bulk transcriptomic data and in vivo single-cell transcriptomic data were performed.Results:Angiogenesis and blood vessel co-option co-existed within the same GCBM lesion.Tumors with high epithelial-mesenchymal transition and an enhanced transcriptomic gene signature composed of CTNNB1,SPARC,VIM,SMAD3,SMAD4,TGFB1,TGFB2,and TGFB3 were more prone to adopt blood vessel co-option than angiogenesis.Enriched macrophage infiltration,angiogenic chemokines,and NAMPT were found in angiogenic areas,while increased T cells,T cell activating cytokines,and reduced NAMPT were found in vessel co-option regions.Spatially,angiogenesis was enriched at the tumor edge,which showed higher DMBT1 expres-sion than the tumor center.Conclusions:This study mapped the orchestrated spatial characteristics of tumor and immunological compositions that support the conventional and atypical vascularization strategies in GCBM.Our data provided molecular insights for more effective combinations of anti-vascular and immune therapies.展开更多
基金Supported by Youth Talent Project of Education Department Scientific Research Plan of Hubei Province(Q20232904).
文摘Yingshan Yunwu tea was a characteristic agricultural product in Hubei Province.It possesses special flavor and great taste.However,the lack of Yunwu tea products made it lose competition in the market.In this study,the peanuts with Yingshan Yunwu tea flavor were cooked,and the effect of factors on the sensory test was investigated.The single-factor experiment was performed to study all factors on the sensory score of the peanut,including tea amount,salt amount,sugar amount,flavor amount and cooking time.Then,response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken design were carried out,and the optimal formulation composition was 100 g peanuts,500 mL of water,25 g tea,5 g salt,8 g sugar and 1 g tea flavor with a sensory score of 94.3 points.This study demonstrated that the peanuts with Yingshan Yunwu flavor could be a valuable product for the market and contribute to promoting practical application of Yingshan Yunwu tea.
基金We thank all the mothers who participated in this study.
文摘Objectives:To explore the factors affecting breastfeeding behaviors in women after cesarean section.Methods:This is a qualitative study that used a phenomenological approach.This study used individual face-to-face interviews with 19 women who underwent a cesarean section in a Women and Children’s Hospital in China between July to September 2019.Information saturationwas used to determine sample size.Data were analyzed using a thematic content analysis method.Themes were developed based on the theory of planned behavior.Results:Thirteen(68.42%)had a planned cesarean section,and six(31.58%)cesarean sections were unplanned or emergent.Three major themes emerged:ambivalent attitude about breastfeeding,motivation to comply with the traditional cultural norms,and barriers and challenges.The motivating factors for breastfeeding after cesarean sections included perceived benefits of human milk,support from healthcare professionals,and responsibility for breastfeeding.The challenges for breastfeeding after cesarean sections included physical discomfort,knowledge and skills deficit of breastfeeding,lactation deficiency,and lack of knowledge and coping skills in managing their depressive mood after cesarean sections.There were a couple of neutral factors,such as the influences of family and peers.These factors could influence women either positively as facilitators or negatively as barriers.Conclusions:The findings can offer valuable information for healthcare professionals to help women breastfeed after cesarean sections.To promote women’s breastfeeding behaviors after cesarean sections,it is necessary to change women’s attitudes,belief systems,and the external environments and help them become more confident.
文摘Objectives:To examine the efficacy of an intervention based on the theory of planned behavior(TPB)in improving breastfeeding behavior among women with cesarean sections(C-sections).Methods:This research was a randomized controlled trial.Women with planned elective C-sections were recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial between June and September 2020.One hundred thirty-two women were divided randomly into the intervention(n=66)and control group(n=66)by systematic random sampling.In the intervention group,an intervention project was implemented after Keywords:Breastfeeding Cesarean section Intervention studies Theory of planned behavior the C-section to establish positive breastfeeding attitudes,cultivate supportive subjective norms,enhance perceived behavioral control,and strengthen breastfeeding intention to change behaviors.Those in the control group received routine pre-and post-delivery care.Exclusive breastfeeding rate and breast problem were collected at 5 days,2 weeks,and 1 month after C-section.The modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool(BAPT)on the first day in the hospital,two weeks,and one month after C-section and Numerical Rating Scale(NRS)24 h postoperatively were used to compare the intervention effect between the two groups.Results:After the intervention,the intervention group had significantly higher exclusive breastfeeding rates than the control group at five days(86.4%vs.60.6%),two weeks(77.3%vs.57.6%),and one month(74.2%vs.50.0%)after the C-section.Besides,the intervention group was less likely to have sore nipples at five days(6.1%vs.18.2%in the control group,P<0.05)and two weeks(9.1%vs.12.1%in the control group,P<0.05).After two weeks of intervention,attitude scores(90.64±8.31 vs.87.20±8.15,P<0.05),subjective norm scores(88.07±24.65 vs.79.42±19.47,P<0.05)and behavior control scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group.After one month of intervention,attitude scores(90.34±10.35 vs.84.22±10.51,P<0.05)and behavior control scores(43.13±5.02 vs.39.15±4.69,P<0.05)in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group,which resulted in the higher breastfeeding intention in the intervention group.Conclusion:This study indicated that the TPB-based interventions effectively improved women's breastfeeding behaviors after C-sections.
文摘Heuristic optimization methods provide a robust and efficient approach to solving complex optimization problems.This paper presents a hybrid optimization technique combining two heuristic optimization methods,artificial immune system（AIS） and particle swarm optimization（PSO）,together in searching for the global optima of nonlinear functions.The proposed algorithm,namely hybrid anti-prematuration optimization method,contains four significant operators,i.e.swarm operator,cloning operator,suppression operator,and receptor editing operator.The swarm operator is inspired by the particle swarm intelligence,and the clone operator,suppression operator,and receptor editing operator are gleaned by the artificial immune system.The simulation results of three representative nonlinear test functions demonstrate the superiority of the hybrid optimization algorithm over the conventional methods with regard to both the solution quality and convergence rate.It is also employed to cope with a real-world optimization problem.
基金Supported by Course Construction Project of Huanggang Normal University(2022KC20)Training Program of the Major Research Plan of Huanggang Normal University(202211604).
文摘Carbendazim,belonging to fungicides,was commonly used for controlling crop diseases,resulting in frequent residues in fruits and vegetables.Washing was the initial step of household fruit processing for cleaning and reducing pollutant contents.However,the effect of washing on the removal of carbendazim in apples was not systemically studied.Thus,in this study,an analytical method was firstly established for the determination of carbendazim with great accuracy and precision through quick,simple,cheap,effective and safe(QuEChERS)method and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(UPLC-FLD).Then,the influencing factors were systematically researched to unveil their effects on the carbendazim residue in apples.The results indicated that water temperature,washing products and washing method could obviously affect the carbendazim content in apples.In addition,the best cleaning scheme for removal of carbendazim was soaking apples for 5 min in a cleaning solution,which was prepared by dissolving 8 g of commercial fruit washing soup with 500 ml of water at 45℃.Under this condition,the removal rate of carbendazim in the washing step reached 73.91%.This study will be helpful for providing guidance for household cleaning methods for controlling pesticide residues.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Changsha, China (No. k1201039-11)
文摘Lithium oxalyldifluoroborate （LiODFB） was synthesized in dimethyl carbonate solvent and purified by the method of solvent-out crystallization. The structure characterization and thermal stability of LiODFB were performed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectrometry and thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA）. LiODFB was exposed to 50% humid air at 25 ℃for different time, then dried at 80 ℃ for 12 h, and the electrochemical properties of the cells using 1 mol/L dried LiODFB in ethylene carbonate -I- dimethyl carbonate ＋ ethyl（methyl）carbonate were investigated. The results showed that, pure crystallization LiODFB was obtained; it had good thermal stability with a thermal decomposition temperature of 248 ℃; when it was exposed to humid air, it was firstly converted into LiODFB.H20; with increasing exposure time, more and stronger impurity peaks in the X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns of LiODFB were observed, and both the discharge specific capacity and the capacity retention decreased gradually.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[82172711]the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province[2019A1515011786]the Bethune Charitable Foundation[zllcaxw-15].
文摘Background:Gastric cancer brain metastasis(GCBM)represents a rare but highly aggressive malignancy.Metastatic cancer cells are highly heterogeneous and differentially remodels brain vasculature and immune microenvironments,which affects the treatment effectiveness and patient outcome.This study aimed to investigate the spatial interactions among different cell components,espe-cially the vasculature system and the brain microenvironment of GCBM patients.Methods:We used digital spatial profiling to examine 140 regions composing tumor,immune,and brain tissues from three GCBM patients.Transcriptomic data with spatial information were analyzed for tissue areas related to different blood recruitment strategies.For validation,independent analysis of patient bulk transcriptomic data and in vivo single-cell transcriptomic data were performed.Results:Angiogenesis and blood vessel co-option co-existed within the same GCBM lesion.Tumors with high epithelial-mesenchymal transition and an enhanced transcriptomic gene signature composed of CTNNB1,SPARC,VIM,SMAD3,SMAD4,TGFB1,TGFB2,and TGFB3 were more prone to adopt blood vessel co-option than angiogenesis.Enriched macrophage infiltration,angiogenic chemokines,and NAMPT were found in angiogenic areas,while increased T cells,T cell activating cytokines,and reduced NAMPT were found in vessel co-option regions.Spatially,angiogenesis was enriched at the tumor edge,which showed higher DMBT1 expres-sion than the tumor center.Conclusions:This study mapped the orchestrated spatial characteristics of tumor and immunological compositions that support the conventional and atypical vascularization strategies in GCBM.Our data provided molecular insights for more effective combinations of anti-vascular and immune therapies.
