Objective: To compare the in vitro antiparasitic activity of aqueous extracts from Ziziphus joazeiro leaves and stem bark against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania braziliensis, and Leishmania infantum, as well as to eval...Objective: To compare the in vitro antiparasitic activity of aqueous extracts from Ziziphus joazeiro leaves and stem bark against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania braziliensis, and Leishmania infantum, as well as to evaluate its cytotoxicity in mammalian cells, in addition to identifying the chemical composition of the extracts. Methods: Ziziphus joazeiro leaf and stem bark aqueous extracts were prepared by cold extraction maceration and subjected to ultra-efficient liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole/time of flight system. The susceptibility assays used Trypanosoma cruzi CLB5 strains and promastigote forms of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum for antiparasitic activity of the extracts. Moreover, mammalian fibroblasts NCTC clone 929 were used for cytotoxicity analysis. Results: Terpenoid compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acid were identified in extracts. The stem bark aqueous extracts presented more significant results in terms of antiparasitic activity compared with the leaf aqueous extracts, especially against Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum promastigote forms with an IC50 < 500 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity evaluation showed moderate toxicity of the stem bark aqueous extracts, which is relevant information for the rational use of this plant part since it is widely used by the population. Conclusions: These preliminary results may contribute to the formulation of new therapeutic agents against this group of neglected diseases, so further investigations are required to delineate the mechanisms of action mainly of the aqueous extract of stem bark of Ziziphus joazeiro.展开更多
To understand the influence of environmental factors on the metabolic diversity of phytochemical compounds from extracts of leaves and bark of Anacardium occidentale,collected in two different geographic areas,ultra-p...To understand the influence of environmental factors on the metabolic diversity of phytochemical compounds from extracts of leaves and bark of Anacardium occidentale,collected in two different geographic areas,ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used,as well as the composition of physicochemical properties of both soils at the collection site(“Lavras da Mangabeira”and“Crato”).It was possible to observe physicochemical differences between the soils of the two collection areas and some similarities.Both present granulometry with a sandy texture,with high values of total sand,with acid pH,and variation in porosity rates.The micronutrients with the highest accumulation in the soil,with emphasis on the predominance of P(Phosphorus)and Al(Aluminium)mainly in the 20-40 cm layer in Crato.Thirty-three phytochemical compounds were identified in the leaf and bark extracts,of which 28 were present in the leaves and 20 in the bark part.Of this total,13 were present in at least one of the parts of the plant(leaf or bark),and most were present in both Crato and Lavras da Mangabeira,presenting mainly phenolic acids,flavonoids and tannins in all extracts evaluated.Both extracts showed similarities between the groups of compounds.Taken together,this study may be relevant to assess environmental influences on the production of secondary metabolites.展开更多
文摘Objective: To compare the in vitro antiparasitic activity of aqueous extracts from Ziziphus joazeiro leaves and stem bark against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania braziliensis, and Leishmania infantum, as well as to evaluate its cytotoxicity in mammalian cells, in addition to identifying the chemical composition of the extracts. Methods: Ziziphus joazeiro leaf and stem bark aqueous extracts were prepared by cold extraction maceration and subjected to ultra-efficient liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole/time of flight system. The susceptibility assays used Trypanosoma cruzi CLB5 strains and promastigote forms of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum for antiparasitic activity of the extracts. Moreover, mammalian fibroblasts NCTC clone 929 were used for cytotoxicity analysis. Results: Terpenoid compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acid were identified in extracts. The stem bark aqueous extracts presented more significant results in terms of antiparasitic activity compared with the leaf aqueous extracts, especially against Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum promastigote forms with an IC50 < 500 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity evaluation showed moderate toxicity of the stem bark aqueous extracts, which is relevant information for the rational use of this plant part since it is widely used by the population. Conclusions: These preliminary results may contribute to the formulation of new therapeutic agents against this group of neglected diseases, so further investigations are required to delineate the mechanisms of action mainly of the aqueous extract of stem bark of Ziziphus joazeiro.
基金the Regional University of Cariri-URCA,Brazil,the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-Tropical Agroindustry(EMBRAPA-Fortaleza-CE)and the semiarid(EMBRAPA-Petrolina-PE,Brazil)and the Cearense Foundation for Supporting Scientific and Technological Development-FUNCAP,National Council for Scientific and Technological Development-CNPQ and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel-CAPES for all financial support.
文摘To understand the influence of environmental factors on the metabolic diversity of phytochemical compounds from extracts of leaves and bark of Anacardium occidentale,collected in two different geographic areas,ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used,as well as the composition of physicochemical properties of both soils at the collection site(“Lavras da Mangabeira”and“Crato”).It was possible to observe physicochemical differences between the soils of the two collection areas and some similarities.Both present granulometry with a sandy texture,with high values of total sand,with acid pH,and variation in porosity rates.The micronutrients with the highest accumulation in the soil,with emphasis on the predominance of P(Phosphorus)and Al(Aluminium)mainly in the 20-40 cm layer in Crato.Thirty-three phytochemical compounds were identified in the leaf and bark extracts,of which 28 were present in the leaves and 20 in the bark part.Of this total,13 were present in at least one of the parts of the plant(leaf or bark),and most were present in both Crato and Lavras da Mangabeira,presenting mainly phenolic acids,flavonoids and tannins in all extracts evaluated.Both extracts showed similarities between the groups of compounds.Taken together,this study may be relevant to assess environmental influences on the production of secondary metabolites.
