The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical effect of external application of Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red paste in the treatment of diabetic foot.This study was carried out in Pingdingshan Traditional ...The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical effect of external application of Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red paste in the treatment of diabetic foot.This study was carried out in Pingdingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from December 2023 to December 2024.A total of 80 patients were selected as research objects,all of whom were diagnosed diabetic foot patients.They were treated and divided into two groups based on different methods,the group names were“experimental group”and“control group”.Patients in the control group were treated with Vaseline on the basis of external treatment,and patients in the experimental group were treated with Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red paste on the basis of external treatment,and the clinical effects of different treatment methods were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the effective rate in the experimental group was significantly higher(95.00%)compared to the control group(75.00%)(P<0.05).Furthermore,the experimental group exhibited notably shorter wound healing time and granulation tissue growth time,indicating faster and better recovery(P<0.05).Additionally,post-treatment Wagner grading revealed that the proportion of patients in advanced grades(4,5,and 6)was significantly lower in the experimental group,whereas a higher proportion of patients achieved lower grades(0,1,and 2),demonstrating improved clinical outcomes(P<0.05).In conclusion,Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red Paste shows a significant therapeutic effect in treating diabetic foot,effectively promoting wound healing,improving clinical symptoms,and enhancing overall recovery.展开更多
The 3D visualization of the porosity in high-pressure die casting(HPDC)Mg alloys AZ91D and Mg4Ce2Al0.5Mn(EA42)was investigated by X-ray computed tomography.It was demonstrated that the volumetric porosity at the near-...The 3D visualization of the porosity in high-pressure die casting(HPDC)Mg alloys AZ91D and Mg4Ce2Al0.5Mn(EA42)was investigated by X-ray computed tomography.It was demonstrated that the volumetric porosity at the near-gate location for alloy EA42 was significantly higher than that far from the gate location.This difference resulted from the low valid time during intensified casting pressure conditions.Specimens of alloy EA42 exhibited a narrow pore distribution in the side view(~0.5 mm)compared to the wide distribution(~1.8 mm)of alloy AZ91D,which was mainly attributed to the formation mechanism of the defect band.The formation of microporosity in the defect band of alloy EA42 was inhibited because of the significant latent heat released by a large amount of the Al11Ce3phase segregated in the defect band during solidification.Additionally,an effective estimator(Z-Propagation)was introduced,which is proposed to predict the projected area fraction of the porosity(f)involved during tensile failure with better effectiveness compared with traditional methods based on the actual fractured surface.By coupling the Z-Propagation method with the critical local strain model,the logarithmic fracture strain and true fracture stress of the specimens were predicted within 3.03%and 1.65%of the absolute value of the average relative error(AARE),respectively.展开更多
Few studies were reported on the phases'relationships of AE44(Mg-4.0Al-4.1RE-0.3Mn,wt.%)and its composites.In this work,AE44 alloy and Saffil(6-Al2O3)/AE44 Metal matrix composite(MMC)were both prepared by slow sho...Few studies were reported on the phases'relationships of AE44(Mg-4.0Al-4.1RE-0.3Mn,wt.%)and its composites.In this work,AE44 alloy and Saffil(6-Al2O3)/AE44 Metal matrix composite(MMC)were both prepared by slow shot high pressure die casting(SS-HPDC)technology and their phase constitutions were all studied in detail using experimental techniques combined with CALPHAD(Calculation of Phase Diagram)modeling.The results revealed that the alloy consists of the a-Mg matrix,A1hRE3 intermetallic phase,and one trace phase AI3RE,while the composite contains five major phases:a-Mg,5-AI2O3,AI3RE,MgO and Mg2Si.and two trace phases of A12RE and AI11RE3,respectively.A1hRE3 is partly derived from ALRE,while A13RE is a product of the peritectoid reaction between the two precipitates.The presence of MgO and Mg2Si is due to the interfacial reaction between the SiO2 binder in the fiber preforms and the molten magnesium during infiltration.The use of SiO2 binder in the preform manufacturing was limited/minimized to reduce the MgO formation in the MMC casting process,which can be detrimental to the fatigue performance of the MMC materials.展开更多
The effects of 1Zn and/or 2Ag additions on the hot tearing susceptibility(HTS)of Mg-14Gd-0.4Zr(wt%)alloy were studied.The HTS was evaluated by both theoretical predictions using Kou's criterion and experimental ob...The effects of 1Zn and/or 2Ag additions on the hot tearing susceptibility(HTS)of Mg-14Gd-0.4Zr(wt%)alloy were studied.The HTS was evaluated by both theoretical predictions using Kou's criterion and experimental observations based on the in situ force-temperature recorded constrained rod casting(ISFTCRC)method.The results show that the order of HTS from high to low is Mg-14Gd-2Ag-1Zn-0.4Zr,Mg-14Gd-2Ag-0.4Zr,Mg-14Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr and Mg-14Gd-0.4Zr.Adding 1Zn and/or 2Ag changes the solidification path and the solidification interval,which affects the hot tearing susceptibility.Alloying elemental 1Zn slightly increases the solidification interval and the temperature range in the square root of the solid phase fraction(f_(s)^(1/2))range of 0.949-0.995,resulting in a slight increase in the hot tearing susceptibility.The addition of 2Ag drastically widens both the solidification interval and the temperature range in the f_(s)^(1/2)range of 0.949-0.995,thus significantly increasing the hot tearing susceptibility.Compared to the addition of 2Ag alone,the broadening degree of both the solidification interval and the temperature range in the f_(s)^(1/2)range of 0.949-0.995 is greater by adding the composite 2Ag/1Zn,which further promotes the occurrence of hot tearing.A narrower solidification interval and a temperature range in the f_(s)^(1/2)range of 0.949-0.995 result in a lower hot tearing susceptibility.展开更多
A criterion based on solidifcation microstructure was proposed to precisely predict the hot tearing behavior of cast alloys,which takes into account the effects of both mechanical and nonmechanical factors.This criter...A criterion based on solidifcation microstructure was proposed to precisely predict the hot tearing behavior of cast alloys,which takes into account the effects of both mechanical and nonmechanical factors.This criterion focuses on the events occurring at the grain boundary,which are determined by the thermal contraction,solidifcation shrinkage,grain growing and liquid feeding.This criterion responds to a series of factors that affect hot tearing,such as alloy composition,mold design,casting process and microstructure.Its credibility has been validated by studying the hot tearing behavior of Mg-Ce alloys.In conformity with the experimental results,this criterion predicted decrease in the number of rods occurring hot tearing with increasing cerium content.A simplifed criterion was derived and validated by Mg-Ce(equiaxed grain)and Mg-Al(columnar grain)alloy systems,which is suitable for the case where the eutectic liquid fraction is low and the liquid feeding can be ignored.In addition,a hot tearing index for equiaxed grains was proposed,that is,|d T/d(f_(s)^(1/3)near(f_(s))^(1/3)=1,and its prediction results were consistent with the hot tearing susceptibility calculated from the experimental results.展开更多
Generalized stacking-fault energies （GSFEs） of basal-plane stacking faults 11 and 12 in Mg alloys have been studied based on first-principles calculations, where 43 alloying elements were considered. It is found tha...Generalized stacking-fault energies （GSFEs） of basal-plane stacking faults 11 and 12 in Mg alloys have been studied based on first-principles calculations, where 43 alloying elements were considered. It is found that the most contributing features of alloying elements to GSFEs are bulk modulus, equilibrium volume, binding energy, atomic radius and ionization energy. Both bulk modulus and ionization energy exhibit positive relationships with GSFEs, and the others show opposite relationships. Multiple regressions have been performed to offer a quantitative prediction for basal-plane GSFEs in Mg-X systems. GSFEs, alloying effects of elements and the prediction model established within this work may provide guidelines for new Mg alloys design with better ductility.展开更多
The flammability of magnesium alloys continues to be a significant barrier to their extensive application,and alloying with rare earth elements(REs)is an effective way to enhance the ignition and fire resistance of Mg...The flammability of magnesium alloys continues to be a significant barrier to their extensive application,and alloying with rare earth elements(REs)is an effective way to enhance the ignition and fire resistance of Mg alloys.Three commercial as-extruded Mg alloys(AZ80 and two Mg-RE alloys:EZ30K and WE43)were directly exposed to flame heating for revealing the evolutions of microstructure and mechanical properties,which is valuable in assessing the post-fire residual service performance of Mg alloy components.Results show that secondary phase dissolution,grain growth,grain boundary melting,alloy melting,and defects generation successively occur during the heating process.After short-term heating for 30 s,the elongation of AZ80 alloy increases significantly by 214%,from 3.82%to 12.01%,with minimal change in strength compared to the initial unheated state.This transformation is attributed to the recovery,grain growth,Mg17Al12 dissolution and dislocation density reduction.Conversely,EZ30K and WE43 alloys exhibit minimal changes in mechanical properties after short-term heating for 60 s,attributed to the pinning effect of REs.However,in subsequent heating states,resolidified microstructure and the presence of defects lead to a noteworthy decrease in both strength and elongation.Among these three alloys,the fire resistance follows this ranking:EZ30K>WE43>AZ80,primarily due to the high thermal conductivity of EZ30K alloy and the thermal stability improved by the addition of REs.展开更多
Magnesium alloys have a significant advantage,lower density over the other structure materials;hence,they have been widely used in various fields such as transportation and aerospace.With the development of research a...Magnesium alloys have a significant advantage,lower density over the other structure materials;hence,they have been widely used in various fields such as transportation and aerospace.With the development of research and the enlargement of the research scope,more advantages have been revealed:excellent shielding efficiency,extraordinarily high damping capacity,as well as impressive thermal conductivity.Therefore,Mg alloys have the potential to be various functional materials,such as electromagnetic shielding material,damping material,and thermal conductive material.This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress and the up-to-date summary of Mg alloys as structure–function integrated materials in recent years.Solute atoms,heat treatment,deformation,secondary phase,and temperature,which have a significant influence on the properties of magnesium alloys,are highlighted.We expect this review to be helpful for those who are working on developing structure–function integrated materials with superior comprehensive performance.展开更多
Mg-4.0Zn alloy composite reinforced by NiO-coated CNTs （NiO@CNTs） was synthesized by combining ball-milling and a casting process. The yield strength （YS） and elongation to failure of the composite were dramatical...Mg-4.0Zn alloy composite reinforced by NiO-coated CNTs （NiO@CNTs） was synthesized by combining ball-milling and a casting process. The yield strength （YS） and elongation to failure of the composite were dramatically increased by 44.9% and 38.6%, respectively, compared to its alloy counterpart. The signifi- cantly eahanced mechanical properties of the as-synthesized composite are mainly ascribed to an improved interracial bond, grain refinement and good dispersion of CNTs in the matrix via. coating NiO on CNTs. It is shown that the NiO-nanolayer on the CNTs significantly enhances the interfacial bonding strength and effectively prevents the agglomeration of CNTs. NiO@CNTs are, therefore, expected to be a highly sustainable and dispersible reinforcement for magnesium matrix composites with superior performance.展开更多
The effect of second phases on the deformation mechanism of as-cast, solution-treated and aged Mg-7Al-2Sn (AT72) alloys during surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) was investigated. Twinning was suppressed in...The effect of second phases on the deformation mechanism of as-cast, solution-treated and aged Mg-7Al-2Sn (AT72) alloys during surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) was investigated. Twinning was suppressed in the alloys containing second phases, which can provide nonuniform microstructures and phase boundaries as dislocation sources. Dynamic precipitation in AT72 alloys was studied during SMAT deformation as well.Mg2Sn particles can dynamically precipitate on the surface of all AT72 alloys during SMAT process. The quantity of Mg2Sn particles in the as-cast alloy, which is determined by the initial quantity of second phases, is larger than that of T4 and T6 alloys after the SMAT process.展开更多
基金Special Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Henan Province(Project No.:2022ZY1191)。
文摘The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical effect of external application of Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red paste in the treatment of diabetic foot.This study was carried out in Pingdingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from December 2023 to December 2024.A total of 80 patients were selected as research objects,all of whom were diagnosed diabetic foot patients.They were treated and divided into two groups based on different methods,the group names were“experimental group”and“control group”.Patients in the control group were treated with Vaseline on the basis of external treatment,and patients in the experimental group were treated with Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red paste on the basis of external treatment,and the clinical effects of different treatment methods were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the effective rate in the experimental group was significantly higher(95.00%)compared to the control group(75.00%)(P<0.05).Furthermore,the experimental group exhibited notably shorter wound healing time and granulation tissue growth time,indicating faster and better recovery(P<0.05).Additionally,post-treatment Wagner grading revealed that the proportion of patients in advanced grades(4,5,and 6)was significantly lower in the experimental group,whereas a higher proportion of patients achieved lower grades(0,1,and 2),demonstrating improved clinical outcomes(P<0.05).In conclusion,Granulation-Promoting Jade and Red Paste shows a significant therapeutic effect in treating diabetic foot,effectively promoting wound healing,improving clinical symptoms,and enhancing overall recovery.
基金financially the Major Science and Technology projects in Qinghai province(2018GX-A1)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.18511109302)+1 种基金The National Key R&D Program(No.2016YFB0301002)the Ministry of Science and Technology of Chinaco-funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51825101)。
文摘The 3D visualization of the porosity in high-pressure die casting(HPDC)Mg alloys AZ91D and Mg4Ce2Al0.5Mn(EA42)was investigated by X-ray computed tomography.It was demonstrated that the volumetric porosity at the near-gate location for alloy EA42 was significantly higher than that far from the gate location.This difference resulted from the low valid time during intensified casting pressure conditions.Specimens of alloy EA42 exhibited a narrow pore distribution in the side view(~0.5 mm)compared to the wide distribution(~1.8 mm)of alloy AZ91D,which was mainly attributed to the formation mechanism of the defect band.The formation of microporosity in the defect band of alloy EA42 was inhibited because of the significant latent heat released by a large amount of the Al11Ce3phase segregated in the defect band during solidification.Additionally,an effective estimator(Z-Propagation)was introduced,which is proposed to predict the projected area fraction of the porosity(f)involved during tensile failure with better effectiveness compared with traditional methods based on the actual fractured surface.By coupling the Z-Propagation method with the critical local strain model,the logarithmic fracture strain and true fracture stress of the specimens were predicted within 3.03%and 1.65%of the absolute value of the average relative error(AARE),respectively.
基金This work was co-funded by,The National Key Research and Development Program of China(NO.2016YFB0301002)and General Motors Global Research and Development.
文摘Few studies were reported on the phases'relationships of AE44(Mg-4.0Al-4.1RE-0.3Mn,wt.%)and its composites.In this work,AE44 alloy and Saffil(6-Al2O3)/AE44 Metal matrix composite(MMC)were both prepared by slow shot high pressure die casting(SS-HPDC)technology and their phase constitutions were all studied in detail using experimental techniques combined with CALPHAD(Calculation of Phase Diagram)modeling.The results revealed that the alloy consists of the a-Mg matrix,A1hRE3 intermetallic phase,and one trace phase AI3RE,while the composite contains five major phases:a-Mg,5-AI2O3,AI3RE,MgO and Mg2Si.and two trace phases of A12RE and AI11RE3,respectively.A1hRE3 is partly derived from ALRE,while A13RE is a product of the peritectoid reaction between the two precipitates.The presence of MgO and Mg2Si is due to the interfacial reaction between the SiO2 binder in the fiber preforms and the molten magnesium during infiltration.The use of SiO2 binder in the preform manufacturing was limited/minimized to reduce the MgO formation in the MMC casting process,which can be detrimental to the fatigue performance of the MMC materials.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2037601,52074183)Shanghai Sailing Program(23YF1417100)。
文摘The effects of 1Zn and/or 2Ag additions on the hot tearing susceptibility(HTS)of Mg-14Gd-0.4Zr(wt%)alloy were studied.The HTS was evaluated by both theoretical predictions using Kou's criterion and experimental observations based on the in situ force-temperature recorded constrained rod casting(ISFTCRC)method.The results show that the order of HTS from high to low is Mg-14Gd-2Ag-1Zn-0.4Zr,Mg-14Gd-2Ag-0.4Zr,Mg-14Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr and Mg-14Gd-0.4Zr.Adding 1Zn and/or 2Ag changes the solidification path and the solidification interval,which affects the hot tearing susceptibility.Alloying elemental 1Zn slightly increases the solidification interval and the temperature range in the square root of the solid phase fraction(f_(s)^(1/2))range of 0.949-0.995,resulting in a slight increase in the hot tearing susceptibility.The addition of 2Ag drastically widens both the solidification interval and the temperature range in the f_(s)^(1/2)range of 0.949-0.995,thus significantly increasing the hot tearing susceptibility.Compared to the addition of 2Ag alone,the broadening degree of both the solidification interval and the temperature range in the f_(s)^(1/2)range of 0.949-0.995 is greater by adding the composite 2Ag/1Zn,which further promotes the occurrence of hot tearing.A narrower solidification interval and a temperature range in the f_(s)^(1/2)range of 0.949-0.995 result in a lower hot tearing susceptibility.
基金fnancially supported by the Major Science and Technology projects in Qinghai province(No.2018-GX-A1)the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.18511109302)+2 种基金The National Key R&D Program(No.2016YFB0301002)supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China is also acknowledgedco-funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51825101)。
文摘A criterion based on solidifcation microstructure was proposed to precisely predict the hot tearing behavior of cast alloys,which takes into account the effects of both mechanical and nonmechanical factors.This criterion focuses on the events occurring at the grain boundary,which are determined by the thermal contraction,solidifcation shrinkage,grain growing and liquid feeding.This criterion responds to a series of factors that affect hot tearing,such as alloy composition,mold design,casting process and microstructure.Its credibility has been validated by studying the hot tearing behavior of Mg-Ce alloys.In conformity with the experimental results,this criterion predicted decrease in the number of rods occurring hot tearing with increasing cerium content.A simplifed criterion was derived and validated by Mg-Ce(equiaxed grain)and Mg-Al(columnar grain)alloy systems,which is suitable for the case where the eutectic liquid fraction is low and the liquid feeding can be ignored.In addition,a hot tearing index for equiaxed grains was proposed,that is,|d T/d(f_(s)^(1/3)near(f_(s))^(1/3)=1,and its prediction results were consistent with the hot tearing susceptibility calculated from the experimental results.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0701202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program No.51474149 and Key Program No.51631006)
文摘Generalized stacking-fault energies （GSFEs） of basal-plane stacking faults 11 and 12 in Mg alloys have been studied based on first-principles calculations, where 43 alloying elements were considered. It is found that the most contributing features of alloying elements to GSFEs are bulk modulus, equilibrium volume, binding energy, atomic radius and ionization energy. Both bulk modulus and ionization energy exhibit positive relationships with GSFEs, and the others show opposite relationships. Multiple regressions have been performed to offer a quantitative prediction for basal-plane GSFEs in Mg-X systems. GSFEs, alloying effects of elements and the prediction model established within this work may provide guidelines for new Mg alloys design with better ductility.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3501002)the National Science and Technology Major Project(J2019-Ⅷ-0003-0165)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301059)the Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellence Program(2023372)。
文摘The flammability of magnesium alloys continues to be a significant barrier to their extensive application,and alloying with rare earth elements(REs)is an effective way to enhance the ignition and fire resistance of Mg alloys.Three commercial as-extruded Mg alloys(AZ80 and two Mg-RE alloys:EZ30K and WE43)were directly exposed to flame heating for revealing the evolutions of microstructure and mechanical properties,which is valuable in assessing the post-fire residual service performance of Mg alloy components.Results show that secondary phase dissolution,grain growth,grain boundary melting,alloy melting,and defects generation successively occur during the heating process.After short-term heating for 30 s,the elongation of AZ80 alloy increases significantly by 214%,from 3.82%to 12.01%,with minimal change in strength compared to the initial unheated state.This transformation is attributed to the recovery,grain growth,Mg17Al12 dissolution and dislocation density reduction.Conversely,EZ30K and WE43 alloys exhibit minimal changes in mechanical properties after short-term heating for 60 s,attributed to the pinning effect of REs.However,in subsequent heating states,resolidified microstructure and the presence of defects lead to a noteworthy decrease in both strength and elongation.Among these three alloys,the fire resistance follows this ranking:EZ30K>WE43>AZ80,primarily due to the high thermal conductivity of EZ30K alloy and the thermal stability improved by the addition of REs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271009 and 52301059).
文摘Magnesium alloys have a significant advantage,lower density over the other structure materials;hence,they have been widely used in various fields such as transportation and aerospace.With the development of research and the enlargement of the research scope,more advantages have been revealed:excellent shielding efficiency,extraordinarily high damping capacity,as well as impressive thermal conductivity.Therefore,Mg alloys have the potential to be various functional materials,such as electromagnetic shielding material,damping material,and thermal conductive material.This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress and the up-to-date summary of Mg alloys as structure–function integrated materials in recent years.Solute atoms,heat treatment,deformation,secondary phase,and temperature,which have a significant influence on the properties of magnesium alloys,are highlighted.We expect this review to be helpful for those who are working on developing structure–function integrated materials with superior comprehensive performance.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Nos.2016YFB0701201,2016YFB0701203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51671101,51464034)+2 种基金Natural Science foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20161ACB21003)Excellent Young Talent plan of Jiangxi Province(No.20162BCB23013)the Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province(Nos.GJJ151309,GJJ150010)
文摘Mg-4.0Zn alloy composite reinforced by NiO-coated CNTs （NiO@CNTs） was synthesized by combining ball-milling and a casting process. The yield strength （YS） and elongation to failure of the composite were dramatically increased by 44.9% and 38.6%, respectively, compared to its alloy counterpart. The signifi- cantly eahanced mechanical properties of the as-synthesized composite are mainly ascribed to an improved interracial bond, grain refinement and good dispersion of CNTs in the matrix via. coating NiO on CNTs. It is shown that the NiO-nanolayer on the CNTs significantly enhances the interfacial bonding strength and effectively prevents the agglomeration of CNTs. NiO@CNTs are, therefore, expected to be a highly sustainable and dispersible reinforcement for magnesium matrix composites with superior performance.
基金financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51474149, No. 51301107 and No. 51671101)Natural Science foundation of Jiangxi Province (No. 20172BCB22002)
文摘The effect of second phases on the deformation mechanism of as-cast, solution-treated and aged Mg-7Al-2Sn (AT72) alloys during surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) was investigated. Twinning was suppressed in the alloys containing second phases, which can provide nonuniform microstructures and phase boundaries as dislocation sources. Dynamic precipitation in AT72 alloys was studied during SMAT deformation as well.Mg2Sn particles can dynamically precipitate on the surface of all AT72 alloys during SMAT process. The quantity of Mg2Sn particles in the as-cast alloy, which is determined by the initial quantity of second phases, is larger than that of T4 and T6 alloys after the SMAT process.
