Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe, and together with silica, they are important components of giant planets. Exploring the reactivity and state of helium and silica under high pressure is cruc...Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe, and together with silica, they are important components of giant planets. Exploring the reactivity and state of helium and silica under high pressure is crucial for understanding of the evolution and internal structure of giant planets. Here, using first-principles calculations and crystal structure predictions, we identify four stable phases of a helium-silica compound with seven/eight-coordinated silicon atoms at pressure of 600–4000 GPa, corresponding to the interior condition of the outer planets in the solar system. The density of He Si O2 agrees with current structure models of the planets.This helium-silica compound exhibits a superionic-like helium diffusive state under the high-pressure and hightemperature conditions along the isentropes of Saturn, a metallic fluid state in Jupiter, and a solid state in the deep interiors of Uranus and Neptune. These results show that helium may affect the erosion of the rocky core in giant planets and may help to form a diluted core region, which not only highlight the reactivity of helium under high pressure but also provide evidence helpful for building more sophisticated interior models of giant planets.展开更多
The high mortality rate associated with gastric cancer(GC)has resulted in an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for GC.This study aimed to investigate whether GAIP interacting protein,C terminus 1(GIPC1...The high mortality rate associated with gastric cancer(GC)has resulted in an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for GC.This study aimed to investigate whether GAIP interacting protein,C terminus 1(GIPC1)represents a therapeutic target and its regulating mechanism in GC.GIPC1 expression was elevated in GC tissues,liver metastasis tissues,and lymph node metastases.GIPC1 knockdown or GIPC1 blocking peptide blocked the platelet-derived growth factor receptor(PDGFR)/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,and inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells.Conversely,GIPC1 overexpression markedly activated the PDGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,and promoted GC cell proliferation and migration.Furthermore,platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB(PDGF-BB)cytokines and the AKT inhibitor attenuated the effect of differential GIPC1 expression.Moreover,GIPC1 silencing decreased tumor growth and migration in BALB/c nude mice,while GIPC1 overexpression had contrasting effects.Taken together,our findings suggest that GIPC1 functions as an oncogene in GC and plays a central role in regulating cell proliferation and migration via the PDGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)combined with microwave ablation(MWA)is an effective treatment strategy for patients with advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis.However,it may cause severe postop...BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)combined with microwave ablation(MWA)is an effective treatment strategy for patients with advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis.However,it may cause severe postoperative pain and inflammatory responses.The paravertebral block(PVB)is a regional anesthetic technique that provides analgesia to the thoracic and abdominal regions.AIM To evaluate the effect of PVB on postoperative analgesia and inflammatory response in patients undergoing TACE combined with MWA for advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis.METHODS Sixty patients were randomly divided into PVB and control groups.The PVB group received ultrasound-guided PVB with 0.375%ropivacaine preoperatively,whereas the control group received intravenous analgesia with sufentanil.The primary outcome was the visual analog scale(VAS)score for pain at 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h after the procedure.Secondary outcomes were the dose of sufentanil used,incidence of adverse events,and levels of inflammatory markers(white blood cell count,neutrophil percentage,C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin)before and after the procedure.RESULTS The PVB group had significantly lower VAS scores at 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h after the procedure compared with the control group(P<0.05).The PVB group also had a significantly lower consumption of sufentanil and a lower incidence of nausea,vomiting,and respiratory depression than did the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the PVB group had significantly lower levels of inflammatory markers 24 h and 48 h after the procedure(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PVB can effectively reduce postoperative pain and inflammatory responses and improve postoperative comfort and recovery in patients with advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis treated with TACE combined with MWA.展开更多
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder,characterized by a high rate of suicide and recurrence,which is frequently accompanied by cognitive impairments,particularly in executive function,memor...BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder,characterized by a high rate of suicide and recurrence,which is frequently accompanied by cognitive impairments,particularly in executive function,memory,attention,and infor-mation processing speed.As such,improving the cognitive function in patients with depression and enhancing their quality of life are urgent issues.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on cognitive function in patients with depression.METHODS The PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Medical,VIP,and Biomedical Databases for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)databases were searched(from inception to October 19,2023)for studies investigating improvements in cognitive function in patients with depression through exercise.Tools recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for RCT evaluation,and GRADEpro and Stata17 software,were employed for risk of bias assessment,evidence grading,forest plot construction,subgroup and sensitivity analyses,and assessment of publication bias.RESULTS Seventeen RCTs(1173 patients with depression)were included.Exercise had a small but significant positive effect on attention,with an effect size of 0.21,95%CI:0.07-0.34,P<0.01.Specifically,aerobic exercise regimens of 30-60 minute/session,thrice a week,at moderate intensity,and sustained over 3-12 weeks,were associated with the most pronounced benefits(P<0.05),with effect sizes for executive function,memory,and information processing speed of 0.11,95%CI:-0.11-0.32,P=0.34;0.08,95%CI:0.00-0.16,P=0.05;and 0.14,95%CI:0.04-0.25,P=0.01,respectively.The evidence levels for attention,information processing speed,and memory were rated as'low,’whereas that for executive function was rated as'very low’.CONCLUSION Exercise could improve attention and information-processing speed in patients with depression,although improvements in executive function and memory are not significant.展开更多
In High-Speed Railways(HSRs),the Train Control and Management System(TCMS)plays a crucial role.However,as the demand for train networks grows,the limitations of traditional wired connections have become apparent.This ...In High-Speed Railways(HSRs),the Train Control and Management System(TCMS)plays a crucial role.However,as the demand for train networks grows,the limitations of traditional wired connections have become apparent.This paper designs and implements a Wireless Train Communication Network(WTCN)to enhance the existing train network infrastructure.To address the challenges that wireless communication technology faces in the unique environment of high-speed rail,this study first analyzes various onboard environments and simulates several typical scenarios in the laboratory.Integrating the specific application scenarios and service characteristics of the high-speed train control network,we conduct measurements and validations of WiFi performance,exploring the specific impacts of different factors on throughput and delay.展开更多
Abnormally increased levels of iron in the brain trigger cascade amplification in Alzheimer＇s dis- ease patients, resulting in neuronal death. This study investigated whether components extracted from the Chinese her...Abnormally increased levels of iron in the brain trigger cascade amplification in Alzheimer＇s dis- ease patients, resulting in neuronal death. This study investigated whether components extracted from the Chinese herbs epimedium herb, milkvetch root and kudzuvine root could relieve the abnormal expression of iron metabolism-related protein in Alzheimer＇s disease patients. An APPs,~JPSI^E9 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer＇s disease was used. The intragas- tric administration of compounds from epimedium herb, milkvetch root and kudzuvine root improved pathological alterations such as neuronal edema, increased the number of neurons, downregulated divalent metal transporter 1 expression, upregulated ferroportin 1 expression, and inhibited iron overload in the cerebral cortex of mice with Alzheimer＇s disease. These com- pounds reduced iron overload-induced impairment of the central nervous system, indicating a new strategy for developing novel drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease.展开更多
AIM： To establish a rapid and convenient animal model with hepatitis B virus （HBV） replication.METHODS： A naked DNA solution of HBV-replicationcompetent plasmid was transferred to BALB/C mice via the tail vein, us...AIM： To establish a rapid and convenient animal model with hepatitis B virus （HBV） replication.METHODS： A naked DNA solution of HBV-replicationcompetent plasmid was transferred to BALB/C mice via the tail vein, using a hydrodynamic in vivo transfection procedure. After injection, these mice were sacrificed on d 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10. HBV DNA replication intermediates in the liver were analyzed by Southern blot hybridization. The expression of hepatitis B core antigen （HBcAg） and hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） in the liver was checked by immunohistochemistry. Serum HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg） was detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Inhibition of HBV replication was compared in HBV replication model mice treated intraperitoneally with polyinosinic-polytidylin acid （polyIC） or phosphate-buffered saline （PBS）.RESULTS： After hydrodynamic in vivo transfection, HBV DNA replication intermediates in the mouse liver were detectable on d 1 and abundant on d 3 and 4, the levels were slightly decreased and remained relatively stable between d 5 and 7, and were almost undetectable on d 10. The expression patterns of HBcAg and HBsAg were similar to that of HBV replication intermediate DNA, except that they reached a peak on d 1 after injection. No obvious differences in HBV DNA replication intermediates were observed in the left, right and middle lobes of the liver. After treatment with polyIC, the level of HBV intermediate DNA in the liver was lower than that in the control mice injected with PBS.CONCLUSION： A rapid and convenient mouse model with a high level of HBV replication was developed and used to investigate the inhibitory effect of polyIC on HBV replication, which provides a useful tool for future functional studies of the HBV genome.展开更多
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases around the world due to the modern sedentary and food-abundant lifestyle, which is characterized by excessive fat accumul...Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases around the world due to the modern sedentary and food-abundant lifestyle, which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver related with causes other than alcohol abuse. It is widely acknowledged that insulin resistance, dysfunctional lipid metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis/necrosis may all contribute to NAFLD. Autophagy is a protective self-digestion of intracellular organelles, including lipid droplets(lipophagy), in response to stress to maintain homeostasis. Lipophagy is another pathway for lipid degradation besides lipolysis. It is reported that impaired autophagy also contributes to NAFLD. Some studies have suggested that the histological characteristics of NAFLD(steatosis, lobular inflammation, and peri-sinusoid fibrosis) might be improved by treatment with traditional Chinese herbal extracts, while autophagy may be induced. This review will provide insights into the characteristics of autophagy in NAFLD and the related role/mechanisms of autophagy induced by traditional Chinese herbal extracts such as resveratrol, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, dioscin, bergamot polyphenol fraction, capsaicin, and garlic-derived S-allylmercaptocysteine, which may inhibit the progression of NAFLD. Regulation of autophagy/lipophagy with traditional Chinese herbal extracts may be a novel approach for treating NAFLD, and the molecular mechanisms should be elucidated further in the near future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma(HEAML) is a rare liver disease and is easily misdiagnosed. Enhanced recognition of HEAML is beneficial to the differential diagnosis of rare liver diseases.CASE SUMMARY We...BACKGROUND Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma(HEAML) is a rare liver disease and is easily misdiagnosed. Enhanced recognition of HEAML is beneficial to the differential diagnosis of rare liver diseases.CASE SUMMARY We presented two cases of HEAML in Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, and then collected and analyzed all reports about HEAML recorded in PubMed, MEDLINE, China Science Periodical Database, and VIP database from January 2000 to March 2018. A total of 409 cases of HEAML in 97 reports were collected, with a ratio of men to women of 1:4.84 and an age range from 12 years to 80 years(median 44 years). Among the patients with clinical symptoms mentioned, 61.93%(205/331) were asymptomatic, 34.74%(115/331) showed upper or right upper quadrant abdomen discomfort, while a few of them showed abdominal mass, gastrointestinal symptoms, low fever, or weight loss. The misdiagnosis rate of HEAML was as high as 40.34%(165/409) due to its nonspecific imaging findings. Most of the tumors were solitary and round in morphology, with clear boundaries. Ultrasound scan indicated low echo with internal nonuniformity and rich blood supply in most cases. Computer tomography/magnetic resonance imaging enhanced scan showed varied characteristics. The ratio of fast wash-in and fast wash-out, fast wash-in and slow wash-out, and delayed enhancement was roughly 4:5:1. A definite diagnosis of HEAML depended on the pathological findings of the epithelioid cells in lesions and the expression of human melanoma black 45, smooth muscle actin,melanoma antigen, and actin by immunohistochemical staining. HEAML had a relatively low malignant rate of 3.91%. However, surgical resection was the main treatment for HEAML, due to the difficulty diagnosing before operation.CONCLUSION HEAML is a rare and easily misdiagnosed disease, and it should be diagnosed carefully, taking into account clinical course, imaging, pathological,and immunohistochemical findings.展开更多
Within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model,we simulate^(129)Xe+^(119)Sn collisions in an incident energy range of 20 to 190MeV/nucleon and discuss the liquid-gas phase transition wi...Within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model,we simulate^(129)Xe+^(119)Sn collisions in an incident energy range of 20 to 190MeV/nucleon and discuss the liquid-gas phase transition with density fluctuations.For comparison,we also extract the effective Fisher parameter τ_(eff),multiplicity of intermediate-mass fragments(IMFs),and information entropy.It is found that the Fisher parameter and maximum information entropy of collisions have peak values at E_(beam)=50-80 MeV/nucleon.In addition,the maximum multiplicity of IMFs has a plateau around 70 MeV/nucleon.For higher-order density moments in a larger central region of[-5,5]^(3) fm^(3) in the collision system,a maximum plateau also appears as function of beam energy at energies exceeding 70 MeV/nucleon.These observables,which are consistent with each other,indicate a liquid-gas phase transition around 70 MeV/nucleon for the^(129)Xe+^(119)Sn system.展开更多
AIM:To investigate H2B monoubiquitination(uH2B)and H3K4 di-and tri-methylation(H3K4-2me,H3K4-3me)levels and their clinical significance in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:Immunohistochemistry(IGC)was used to detect the dif...AIM:To investigate H2B monoubiquitination(uH2B)and H3K4 di-and tri-methylation(H3K4-2me,H3K4-3me)levels and their clinical significance in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:Immunohistochemistry(IGC)was used to detect the differential levels of uH2B,H3K4-2me and H3K4-3me modifications in GC specimens from chemo/radiotherapy-na ve patients who underwent potentially curative surgical resection(n=159)and in a random sampling of non-tumor gastric epithelium specimens(normal controls,n=20).The immunohistochemistry(IHC)-detected modifications were classified as negative,low-level,or high-level using a dual-rated(staining intensity and percentage of positively-stained cells)semi-quantitative method.The relationships between uH2B modification levels and clinicopathological parameters of GC were assessed by a Wilcoxon rank sum test(pairwise comparisons)and the Kruskal-Wallis H test(multiple comparisons).The correlation between uH2B modification and survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis,and the role of uH2B as an independent prognostic factor for survival was assessed by multivariate Cox regression analysis.RESULTS:The presence and level of H3K4-2me and H3K4-3me IHC staining was similar between the normal controls and GC specimens.In contrast,the level of uH2B was significantly lower in the malignant gastric tissues(vs normal control tissues)and decreased along with increases in dedifferentiation(well differentiated>moderately differentiated>poorly differentiated).The level of uH2B correlated with tumor differentiation(P<0.001),Lauren’s diffuse-and intestinal-type classification(P<0.001),lymph node metastasis(P=0.049)and tumor-node-metastasis stage(P=0.005).Patients with uH2B+staining had higher 5-year survival rates than patients with uH2B-staining(52.692±2.452 vs23.739±5.207,P<0.001).The uH2B level was an independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival(95%CI:0.237-0.677,P=0.001).CONCLUSION:uH2B displays differential IHC staining patterns corresponding to progressive stages of GC.uH2B may contribute to tumorigenesis and could be a potential therapeutic target.展开更多
The quantitative understanding of how atomic-level catalyst structural changes affect the reactivity of the electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction is challenging.Due to the complexity of catalytic systems,convention...The quantitative understanding of how atomic-level catalyst structural changes affect the reactivity of the electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction is challenging.Due to the complexity of catalytic systems,conventional in situ X-ray spectroscopy plays a limited role in tracing the underlying dynamic structural changes in catalysts active sites.Herein,operando high-energy resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to precisely identify the dynamic structural transformation of well-defined active sites of a representative model copper(Ⅱ)phthalocyanine catalyst which is of guiding significance in studying single-atom catalysis system.Comprehensive X-ray spectroscopy analyses,including surface sensitive△μspectra which isolates the surface changes by subtracting the disturb of bulk base and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy simulation,were used to discover that Cu species aggregated with increasing applied potential,which is responsible for the observed evolution of C_(2)H_(4).The approach developed in this work,characterizing the active-site geometry and dynamic structural change,is a novel and powerful technique to elucidate complex catalytic mechanisms and is expected to con tribute to the rational design of highly effective catalysts.展开更多
To the Editor:Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(PHNEC)combined/collided with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a rare and intriguing disease with characteristics of two histologically different cancers.Usually,a ...To the Editor:Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(PHNEC)combined/collided with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a rare and intriguing disease with characteristics of two histologically different cancers.Usually,a combined type refers to the cases in which hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(HNEC)and HCC components intermingle with each other and cannot be clearly separated in the transitional areas,while a collision type refers to those in which the two distinct cancers occurred simultaneously and independently.Sometimes it is difficult to readily distinguish these two types.We searched PubMed,Medline,China Science Periodical Database,and VIP Database with the publication from January 1980 to January 2019,using the keywords(“hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma”or“HNEC”)and(“hepatocellular carcinoma”or“HCC”).After manually excluding records on secondary HNEC and other types of liver cancer,a total of 28 cases in 24 reports[1–24]were identified and summarized in Table 1.展开更多
Deoxygenation has frequently appeared in coastal ecosystems over the past century due to the joint infl uence of increasing anthropogenically induced nutrient inputs and global warming.The semi-enclosed Bohai Sea is a...Deoxygenation has frequently appeared in coastal ecosystems over the past century due to the joint infl uence of increasing anthropogenically induced nutrient inputs and global warming.The semi-enclosed Bohai Sea is a typical system that is prone to deoxygenation,with regular hypoxia events consistently recorded in recent decades.Based on in-situ observation data collected in large-scale voyage surveys in the Bohai Sea during 2008-2017,the seasonal variability in dissolved oxygen(DO)and its controlling mechanisms were studied.The results indicated that in spring and autumn,the DO distributions exhibited similar spatial patterns in the surface and bottom layers,while in summer,its spatial distribution was characterized by large-scale oxygen-poor zones distributed off the Qinhuangdao Coast and the central southern Bohai Sea in the bottom layer.The controlling mechanisms of the DO distribution varied from season to season.Spring and autumn DO distributions were dominated by the seawater temperature.Under the combined eff ects of stratifi cation and decomposition,the summer bottom DO exhibited dual-core distribution.On the one hand,stratifi cation could greatly impede vertical mixing,resulting in reduced bottom DO replenishment.On the other hand,the increased bottom organic matter intensifi ed the decomposition processes,inducing massive DO consumption and elevated dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations.In addition,the stronger stratifi cation might be the reason for the more severe deoxygenation in the southern oxygen-poor zones in summer.Our study provides guidance for an in-depth understanding of the DO seasonality in the Bohai Sea and the mechanisms that modulate it and for the improvement of hypoxia forecasts in ocean models.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12125404, 11974162, and 11834006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Helium is the second most abundant element in the universe, and together with silica, they are important components of giant planets. Exploring the reactivity and state of helium and silica under high pressure is crucial for understanding of the evolution and internal structure of giant planets. Here, using first-principles calculations and crystal structure predictions, we identify four stable phases of a helium-silica compound with seven/eight-coordinated silicon atoms at pressure of 600–4000 GPa, corresponding to the interior condition of the outer planets in the solar system. The density of He Si O2 agrees with current structure models of the planets.This helium-silica compound exhibits a superionic-like helium diffusive state under the high-pressure and hightemperature conditions along the isentropes of Saturn, a metallic fluid state in Jupiter, and a solid state in the deep interiors of Uranus and Neptune. These results show that helium may affect the erosion of the rocky core in giant planets and may help to form a diluted core region, which not only highlight the reactivity of helium under high pressure but also provide evidence helpful for building more sophisticated interior models of giant planets.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen City(3502Z20227307)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81472458,82372809)the Special Fund for Public Welfare Research Institutes of Fujian Province(2023R1001001,2023R1001003,2023R1035).
文摘The high mortality rate associated with gastric cancer(GC)has resulted in an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for GC.This study aimed to investigate whether GAIP interacting protein,C terminus 1(GIPC1)represents a therapeutic target and its regulating mechanism in GC.GIPC1 expression was elevated in GC tissues,liver metastasis tissues,and lymph node metastases.GIPC1 knockdown or GIPC1 blocking peptide blocked the platelet-derived growth factor receptor(PDGFR)/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,and inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells.Conversely,GIPC1 overexpression markedly activated the PDGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,and promoted GC cell proliferation and migration.Furthermore,platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB(PDGF-BB)cytokines and the AKT inhibitor attenuated the effect of differential GIPC1 expression.Moreover,GIPC1 silencing decreased tumor growth and migration in BALB/c nude mice,while GIPC1 overexpression had contrasting effects.Taken together,our findings suggest that GIPC1 functions as an oncogene in GC and plays a central role in regulating cell proliferation and migration via the PDGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
文摘BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)combined with microwave ablation(MWA)is an effective treatment strategy for patients with advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis.However,it may cause severe postoperative pain and inflammatory responses.The paravertebral block(PVB)is a regional anesthetic technique that provides analgesia to the thoracic and abdominal regions.AIM To evaluate the effect of PVB on postoperative analgesia and inflammatory response in patients undergoing TACE combined with MWA for advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis.METHODS Sixty patients were randomly divided into PVB and control groups.The PVB group received ultrasound-guided PVB with 0.375%ropivacaine preoperatively,whereas the control group received intravenous analgesia with sufentanil.The primary outcome was the visual analog scale(VAS)score for pain at 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h after the procedure.Secondary outcomes were the dose of sufentanil used,incidence of adverse events,and levels of inflammatory markers(white blood cell count,neutrophil percentage,C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin)before and after the procedure.RESULTS The PVB group had significantly lower VAS scores at 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h after the procedure compared with the control group(P<0.05).The PVB group also had a significantly lower consumption of sufentanil and a lower incidence of nausea,vomiting,and respiratory depression than did the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the PVB group had significantly lower levels of inflammatory markers 24 h and 48 h after the procedure(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PVB can effectively reduce postoperative pain and inflammatory responses and improve postoperative comfort and recovery in patients with advanced gastric cancer and liver metastasis treated with TACE combined with MWA.
文摘BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder,characterized by a high rate of suicide and recurrence,which is frequently accompanied by cognitive impairments,particularly in executive function,memory,attention,and infor-mation processing speed.As such,improving the cognitive function in patients with depression and enhancing their quality of life are urgent issues.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on cognitive function in patients with depression.METHODS The PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Medical,VIP,and Biomedical Databases for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)databases were searched(from inception to October 19,2023)for studies investigating improvements in cognitive function in patients with depression through exercise.Tools recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for RCT evaluation,and GRADEpro and Stata17 software,were employed for risk of bias assessment,evidence grading,forest plot construction,subgroup and sensitivity analyses,and assessment of publication bias.RESULTS Seventeen RCTs(1173 patients with depression)were included.Exercise had a small but significant positive effect on attention,with an effect size of 0.21,95%CI:0.07-0.34,P<0.01.Specifically,aerobic exercise regimens of 30-60 minute/session,thrice a week,at moderate intensity,and sustained over 3-12 weeks,were associated with the most pronounced benefits(P<0.05),with effect sizes for executive function,memory,and information processing speed of 0.11,95%CI:-0.11-0.32,P=0.34;0.08,95%CI:0.00-0.16,P=0.05;and 0.14,95%CI:0.04-0.25,P=0.01,respectively.The evidence levels for attention,information processing speed,and memory were rated as'low,’whereas that for executive function was rated as'very low’.CONCLUSION Exercise could improve attention and information-processing speed in patients with depression,although improvements in executive function and memory are not significant.
基金support from the Beijing Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Broadband Mobile Communications(BHRC-2024-1)Beijing Jiaotong University,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20445).
文摘In High-Speed Railways(HSRs),the Train Control and Management System(TCMS)plays a crucial role.However,as the demand for train networks grows,the limitations of traditional wired connections have become apparent.This paper designs and implements a Wireless Train Communication Network(WTCN)to enhance the existing train network infrastructure.To address the challenges that wireless communication technology faces in the unique environment of high-speed rail,this study first analyzes various onboard environments and simulates several typical scenarios in the laboratory.Integrating the specific application scenarios and service characteristics of the high-speed train control network,we conduct measurements and validations of WiFi performance,exploring the specific impacts of different factors on throughput and delay.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81273983the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province in China,No.C2010001471+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Research Youth Foundation of Colleges and Universities in Hebei Province of China,No.Q2012036the Hebei Provincial Food and Drug Administration in China,No.PT2014053
文摘Abnormally increased levels of iron in the brain trigger cascade amplification in Alzheimer＇s dis- ease patients, resulting in neuronal death. This study investigated whether components extracted from the Chinese herbs epimedium herb, milkvetch root and kudzuvine root could relieve the abnormal expression of iron metabolism-related protein in Alzheimer＇s disease patients. An APPs,~JPSI^E9 double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer＇s disease was used. The intragas- tric administration of compounds from epimedium herb, milkvetch root and kudzuvine root improved pathological alterations such as neuronal edema, increased the number of neurons, downregulated divalent metal transporter 1 expression, upregulated ferroportin 1 expression, and inhibited iron overload in the cerebral cortex of mice with Alzheimer＇s disease. These com- pounds reduced iron overload-induced impairment of the central nervous system, indicating a new strategy for developing novel drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease.
基金Supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30325036a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30571640
文摘AIM： To establish a rapid and convenient animal model with hepatitis B virus （HBV） replication.METHODS： A naked DNA solution of HBV-replicationcompetent plasmid was transferred to BALB/C mice via the tail vein, using a hydrodynamic in vivo transfection procedure. After injection, these mice were sacrificed on d 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10. HBV DNA replication intermediates in the liver were analyzed by Southern blot hybridization. The expression of hepatitis B core antigen （HBcAg） and hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） in the liver was checked by immunohistochemistry. Serum HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg） was detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Inhibition of HBV replication was compared in HBV replication model mice treated intraperitoneally with polyinosinic-polytidylin acid （polyIC） or phosphate-buffered saline （PBS）.RESULTS： After hydrodynamic in vivo transfection, HBV DNA replication intermediates in the mouse liver were detectable on d 1 and abundant on d 3 and 4, the levels were slightly decreased and remained relatively stable between d 5 and 7, and were almost undetectable on d 10. The expression patterns of HBcAg and HBsAg were similar to that of HBV replication intermediate DNA, except that they reached a peak on d 1 after injection. No obvious differences in HBV DNA replication intermediates were observed in the left, right and middle lobes of the liver. After treatment with polyIC, the level of HBV intermediate DNA in the liver was lower than that in the control mice injected with PBS.CONCLUSION： A rapid and convenient mouse model with a high level of HBV replication was developed and used to investigate the inhibitory effect of polyIC on HBV replication, which provides a useful tool for future functional studies of the HBV genome.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372663 and No.81672392
文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases around the world due to the modern sedentary and food-abundant lifestyle, which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver related with causes other than alcohol abuse. It is widely acknowledged that insulin resistance, dysfunctional lipid metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis/necrosis may all contribute to NAFLD. Autophagy is a protective self-digestion of intracellular organelles, including lipid droplets(lipophagy), in response to stress to maintain homeostasis. Lipophagy is another pathway for lipid degradation besides lipolysis. It is reported that impaired autophagy also contributes to NAFLD. Some studies have suggested that the histological characteristics of NAFLD(steatosis, lobular inflammation, and peri-sinusoid fibrosis) might be improved by treatment with traditional Chinese herbal extracts, while autophagy may be induced. This review will provide insights into the characteristics of autophagy in NAFLD and the related role/mechanisms of autophagy induced by traditional Chinese herbal extracts such as resveratrol, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, dioscin, bergamot polyphenol fraction, capsaicin, and garlic-derived S-allylmercaptocysteine, which may inhibit the progression of NAFLD. Regulation of autophagy/lipophagy with traditional Chinese herbal extracts may be a novel approach for treating NAFLD, and the molecular mechanisms should be elucidated further in the near future.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant numbers,No.81702923Outstanding Postgraduate Seedling Cultivation Fund of Naval Medical University
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma(HEAML) is a rare liver disease and is easily misdiagnosed. Enhanced recognition of HEAML is beneficial to the differential diagnosis of rare liver diseases.CASE SUMMARY We presented two cases of HEAML in Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, and then collected and analyzed all reports about HEAML recorded in PubMed, MEDLINE, China Science Periodical Database, and VIP database from January 2000 to March 2018. A total of 409 cases of HEAML in 97 reports were collected, with a ratio of men to women of 1:4.84 and an age range from 12 years to 80 years(median 44 years). Among the patients with clinical symptoms mentioned, 61.93%(205/331) were asymptomatic, 34.74%(115/331) showed upper or right upper quadrant abdomen discomfort, while a few of them showed abdominal mass, gastrointestinal symptoms, low fever, or weight loss. The misdiagnosis rate of HEAML was as high as 40.34%(165/409) due to its nonspecific imaging findings. Most of the tumors were solitary and round in morphology, with clear boundaries. Ultrasound scan indicated low echo with internal nonuniformity and rich blood supply in most cases. Computer tomography/magnetic resonance imaging enhanced scan showed varied characteristics. The ratio of fast wash-in and fast wash-out, fast wash-in and slow wash-out, and delayed enhancement was roughly 4:5:1. A definite diagnosis of HEAML depended on the pathological findings of the epithelioid cells in lesions and the expression of human melanoma black 45, smooth muscle actin,melanoma antigen, and actin by immunohistochemical staining. HEAML had a relatively low malignant rate of 3.91%. However, surgical resection was the main treatment for HEAML, due to the difficulty diagnosing before operation.CONCLUSION HEAML is a rare and easily misdiagnosed disease, and it should be diagnosed carefully, taking into account clinical course, imaging, pathological,and immunohistochemical findings.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11890714,11891070,12075061,and12147101)Key Research Program of the CAS(No.XDB34000000)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M661332)Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Program of China(No.BX20200098)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(No.20ZR1404100)Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030008)。
文摘Within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model,we simulate^(129)Xe+^(119)Sn collisions in an incident energy range of 20 to 190MeV/nucleon and discuss the liquid-gas phase transition with density fluctuations.For comparison,we also extract the effective Fisher parameter τ_(eff),multiplicity of intermediate-mass fragments(IMFs),and information entropy.It is found that the Fisher parameter and maximum information entropy of collisions have peak values at E_(beam)=50-80 MeV/nucleon.In addition,the maximum multiplicity of IMFs has a plateau around 70 MeV/nucleon.For higher-order density moments in a larger central region of[-5,5]^(3) fm^(3) in the collision system,a maximum plateau also appears as function of beam energy at energies exceeding 70 MeV/nucleon.These observables,which are consistent with each other,indicate a liquid-gas phase transition around 70 MeV/nucleon for the^(129)Xe+^(119)Sn system.
基金Supported by The Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2011CB966200 and 2013CB911000the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30970950,81071362,and 31171319+1 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China,the Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province,No.2011SZ0002 and 2012JQ0005the Bureau of Science and Technology of Chengdu,No.11PPYB072SF
文摘AIM:To investigate H2B monoubiquitination(uH2B)and H3K4 di-and tri-methylation(H3K4-2me,H3K4-3me)levels and their clinical significance in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:Immunohistochemistry(IGC)was used to detect the differential levels of uH2B,H3K4-2me and H3K4-3me modifications in GC specimens from chemo/radiotherapy-na ve patients who underwent potentially curative surgical resection(n=159)and in a random sampling of non-tumor gastric epithelium specimens(normal controls,n=20).The immunohistochemistry(IHC)-detected modifications were classified as negative,low-level,or high-level using a dual-rated(staining intensity and percentage of positively-stained cells)semi-quantitative method.The relationships between uH2B modification levels and clinicopathological parameters of GC were assessed by a Wilcoxon rank sum test(pairwise comparisons)and the Kruskal-Wallis H test(multiple comparisons).The correlation between uH2B modification and survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis,and the role of uH2B as an independent prognostic factor for survival was assessed by multivariate Cox regression analysis.RESULTS:The presence and level of H3K4-2me and H3K4-3me IHC staining was similar between the normal controls and GC specimens.In contrast,the level of uH2B was significantly lower in the malignant gastric tissues(vs normal control tissues)and decreased along with increases in dedifferentiation(well differentiated>moderately differentiated>poorly differentiated).The level of uH2B correlated with tumor differentiation(P<0.001),Lauren’s diffuse-and intestinal-type classification(P<0.001),lymph node metastasis(P=0.049)and tumor-node-metastasis stage(P=0.005).Patients with uH2B+staining had higher 5-year survival rates than patients with uH2B-staining(52.692±2.452 vs23.739±5.207,P<0.001).The uH2B level was an independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival(95%CI:0.237-0.677,P=0.001).CONCLUSION:uH2B displays differential IHC staining patterns corresponding to progressive stages of GC.uH2B may contribute to tumorigenesis and could be a potential therapeutic target.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number:U1732267.
文摘The quantitative understanding of how atomic-level catalyst structural changes affect the reactivity of the electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction is challenging.Due to the complexity of catalytic systems,conventional in situ X-ray spectroscopy plays a limited role in tracing the underlying dynamic structural changes in catalysts active sites.Herein,operando high-energy resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to precisely identify the dynamic structural transformation of well-defined active sites of a representative model copper(Ⅱ)phthalocyanine catalyst which is of guiding significance in studying single-atom catalysis system.Comprehensive X-ray spectroscopy analyses,including surface sensitive△μspectra which isolates the surface changes by subtracting the disturb of bulk base and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy simulation,were used to discover that Cu species aggregated with increasing applied potential,which is responsible for the observed evolution of C_(2)H_(4).The approach developed in this work,characterizing the active-site geometry and dynamic structural change,is a novel and powerful technique to elucidate complex catalytic mechanisms and is expected to con tribute to the rational design of highly effective catalysts.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81702923,81971503)the Foundation of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(18ZR1439300)+1 种基金the Precision Medicine Project of Navy Medical University,China(2017JZ50)the Pyramid Talent Project of Changzheng Hospital.
文摘To the Editor:Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(PHNEC)combined/collided with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a rare and intriguing disease with characteristics of two histologically different cancers.Usually,a combined type refers to the cases in which hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma(HNEC)and HCC components intermingle with each other and cannot be clearly separated in the transitional areas,while a collision type refers to those in which the two distinct cancers occurred simultaneously and independently.Sometimes it is difficult to readily distinguish these two types.We searched PubMed,Medline,China Science Periodical Database,and VIP Database with the publication from January 1980 to January 2019,using the keywords(“hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma”or“HNEC”)and(“hepatocellular carcinoma”or“HCC”).After manually excluding records on secondary HNEC and other types of liver cancer,a total of 28 cases in 24 reports[1–24]were identified and summarized in Table 1.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41776012)the Key R&D Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2020C03012)+4 种基金the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2020MD059)the Key R&D Project of Guangdong Province(No.2020B1111030002)the Major Science and Technology Project of Sanya YZBSTC(No.SKJC-KJ-2019KY03)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFD0901305)the Marine Science and Technology Project of North China Sea Bureau in 2020:Tempo-Spatial Distribution and Its Mechanisms of the Bottom Oxygen-Poor Zones in the Bohai Sea(No.202001)。
文摘Deoxygenation has frequently appeared in coastal ecosystems over the past century due to the joint infl uence of increasing anthropogenically induced nutrient inputs and global warming.The semi-enclosed Bohai Sea is a typical system that is prone to deoxygenation,with regular hypoxia events consistently recorded in recent decades.Based on in-situ observation data collected in large-scale voyage surveys in the Bohai Sea during 2008-2017,the seasonal variability in dissolved oxygen(DO)and its controlling mechanisms were studied.The results indicated that in spring and autumn,the DO distributions exhibited similar spatial patterns in the surface and bottom layers,while in summer,its spatial distribution was characterized by large-scale oxygen-poor zones distributed off the Qinhuangdao Coast and the central southern Bohai Sea in the bottom layer.The controlling mechanisms of the DO distribution varied from season to season.Spring and autumn DO distributions were dominated by the seawater temperature.Under the combined eff ects of stratifi cation and decomposition,the summer bottom DO exhibited dual-core distribution.On the one hand,stratifi cation could greatly impede vertical mixing,resulting in reduced bottom DO replenishment.On the other hand,the increased bottom organic matter intensifi ed the decomposition processes,inducing massive DO consumption and elevated dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations.In addition,the stronger stratifi cation might be the reason for the more severe deoxygenation in the southern oxygen-poor zones in summer.Our study provides guidance for an in-depth understanding of the DO seasonality in the Bohai Sea and the mechanisms that modulate it and for the improvement of hypoxia forecasts in ocean models.
