This article describes a theory unifying the unusual performance of the undercoordinated adatoms,point defects,terrace edges,surfaces,and nanostructures of various shapes.The ideas of bond order-length-strength correl...This article describes a theory unifying the unusual performance of the undercoordinated adatoms,point defects,terrace edges,surfaces,and nanostructures of various shapes.The ideas of bond order-length-strength correlation and the associated nonbonding electron polarization(BOLS-NEP)feature that bonds between undercoordinated atoms contract spontaneously.Bond contraction raises the local density of charge and energy.Bond strength gain deepens the interatomic potential well to trap the core and bonding electrons deeply.In turn,the locally and densely entrapped electrons polarize those partially occupying the valence band and above pertaining to the lower-coordinated atoms.The BOLS-NEP theory reconciles the unusual behaviors of undercoordinated systems and the size dependency of nanostructures in their lattice oscillating dynamics,mechanical strength,thermal stability,photon emissivity,chemical reactivity,dielectric permeability,associated with generation of polarized Dirac fermions,serving as carriers for extraordinary catalysis,hydrophobicity,fluidity,lubricity,as well as monolayer high-TC superconductivity and topological insulator conductivity.展开更多
Objective: The study aimed to assess the characteristics of pancreatic cancer deaths and the relationship between socio-demographic status and mortality risk of pancreatic cancer in Inner Mongolia. Method: We obtained...Objective: The study aimed to assess the characteristics of pancreatic cancer deaths and the relationship between socio-demographic status and mortality risk of pancreatic cancer in Inner Mongolia. Method: We obtained our data for 2008-2014 from the Death Registry System of Inner Mongolia. We calculated the mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and average years of life lost (AYLL) for men and women. We collected socio-demographic characteristics including education level, ethnicity, region, and occupation. Logistic regression models were employed to analyze risk factors of pancreatic cancer. Results: The average mortality rate of pancreatic cancer was 4.42/100,000 in Inner Mongolia during 2008 to 2014. Mortality rate in men was higher in all age groups compared with those in women. The highest mortality rate was 1.3 times than the lowest mortality rate for men and 1.6 times for women during seven years. Average AYLL in women were more than 3.4 years compared with that in men. PYLLR in women was fluctuated from 0.41 to 0.63 per thousand during 2008 to 2014. In eastern region, no occupation and high education level had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. Conclusion: In Inner Mongolia, the mortality rate associated with pancreatic cancer was higher in men compared with in women. More than 65 years old groups had high death risk for pancreatic cancer. Average years of life lost for women were significantly higher than that for men. We should pay more attention to the older men.展开更多
Signaling pathway alterations in COVID-19 of living humans as well as therapeutic targets of the host proteins are not clear.We analyzed 317 urine proteomes,including 86 COVID-19,55 pneumonia and 176 healthy controls,...Signaling pathway alterations in COVID-19 of living humans as well as therapeutic targets of the host proteins are not clear.We analyzed 317 urine proteomes,including 86 COVID-19,55 pneumonia and 176 healthy controls,and identified specific RNA virus detector protein DDX58/RIG-I only in COVID-19 samples.Comparison of the COVID-19 urinary proteomes with controls revealed major pathway alterations in immunity,metabolism and protein localization.Biomarkers that may stratify severe symptoms from moderate ones suggested that macrophage induced inflammation and thrombolysis may play a critical role in worsening the disease.Hyper activation of the TCA cycle is evident and a macrophage enriched enzyme CLYBL is up regulated in COVID-19 patients.As CLYBL converts the immune modulatory TCA cycle metabolite itaconate through the citramalyl-CoA intermediate to acetyl-CoA,an increase in CLYBL may lead to the depletion of itaconate,limiting its anti-inflammatory function.These observations suggest that supplementation of itaconate and inhibition of CLYBL are possible therapeutic options for treating COVID-19,opening an avenue of modulating host defense as a means of combating SARS-CoV-2 viruses.展开更多
Globally, SARS-CoV-2 has infected 3,113,447 people and killed 216,930 as of April 29, 2020. Identifying populations vulnerable to infection and their disease progression is critical to mitigating the negative impacts ...Globally, SARS-CoV-2 has infected 3,113,447 people and killed 216,930 as of April 29, 2020. Identifying populations vulnerable to infection and their disease progression is critical to mitigating the negative impacts on healthcare systems. Recent studies have shown that angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 to enter human cells (Zhou et al., 2020), raising the possibility that a higher ACE2 expression level could facilitate SARS-CoV-2infection.展开更多
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21273191)is acknowledged.
文摘This article describes a theory unifying the unusual performance of the undercoordinated adatoms,point defects,terrace edges,surfaces,and nanostructures of various shapes.The ideas of bond order-length-strength correlation and the associated nonbonding electron polarization(BOLS-NEP)feature that bonds between undercoordinated atoms contract spontaneously.Bond contraction raises the local density of charge and energy.Bond strength gain deepens the interatomic potential well to trap the core and bonding electrons deeply.In turn,the locally and densely entrapped electrons polarize those partially occupying the valence band and above pertaining to the lower-coordinated atoms.The BOLS-NEP theory reconciles the unusual behaviors of undercoordinated systems and the size dependency of nanostructures in their lattice oscillating dynamics,mechanical strength,thermal stability,photon emissivity,chemical reactivity,dielectric permeability,associated with generation of polarized Dirac fermions,serving as carriers for extraordinary catalysis,hydrophobicity,fluidity,lubricity,as well as monolayer high-TC superconductivity and topological insulator conductivity.
文摘Objective: The study aimed to assess the characteristics of pancreatic cancer deaths and the relationship between socio-demographic status and mortality risk of pancreatic cancer in Inner Mongolia. Method: We obtained our data for 2008-2014 from the Death Registry System of Inner Mongolia. We calculated the mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and average years of life lost (AYLL) for men and women. We collected socio-demographic characteristics including education level, ethnicity, region, and occupation. Logistic regression models were employed to analyze risk factors of pancreatic cancer. Results: The average mortality rate of pancreatic cancer was 4.42/100,000 in Inner Mongolia during 2008 to 2014. Mortality rate in men was higher in all age groups compared with those in women. The highest mortality rate was 1.3 times than the lowest mortality rate for men and 1.6 times for women during seven years. Average AYLL in women were more than 3.4 years compared with that in men. PYLLR in women was fluctuated from 0.41 to 0.63 per thousand during 2008 to 2014. In eastern region, no occupation and high education level had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. Conclusion: In Inner Mongolia, the mortality rate associated with pancreatic cancer was higher in men compared with in women. More than 65 years old groups had high death risk for pancreatic cancer. Average years of life lost for women were significantly higher than that for men. We should pay more attention to the older men.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0505102,2017YFA0505103,2017YFA0505104,2017YFC0908404,2018YFA0507503,2020YFA0708001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874237,31870828)+4 种基金Major National Science and technology projects(2017ZX10305501-006)National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:2019 Project of Building Evidence Based Practice Capacity for TCM(2019XZZX-LG003)Guangdong Key-Area Research and Development Program(2019B020229002,2020B1111300005)Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(201902020009)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM(2017B030314176).
文摘Signaling pathway alterations in COVID-19 of living humans as well as therapeutic targets of the host proteins are not clear.We analyzed 317 urine proteomes,including 86 COVID-19,55 pneumonia and 176 healthy controls,and identified specific RNA virus detector protein DDX58/RIG-I only in COVID-19 samples.Comparison of the COVID-19 urinary proteomes with controls revealed major pathway alterations in immunity,metabolism and protein localization.Biomarkers that may stratify severe symptoms from moderate ones suggested that macrophage induced inflammation and thrombolysis may play a critical role in worsening the disease.Hyper activation of the TCA cycle is evident and a macrophage enriched enzyme CLYBL is up regulated in COVID-19 patients.As CLYBL converts the immune modulatory TCA cycle metabolite itaconate through the citramalyl-CoA intermediate to acetyl-CoA,an increase in CLYBL may lead to the depletion of itaconate,limiting its anti-inflammatory function.These observations suggest that supplementation of itaconate and inhibition of CLYBL are possible therapeutic options for treating COVID-19,opening an avenue of modulating host defense as a means of combating SARS-CoV-2 viruses.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0507503)。
文摘Globally, SARS-CoV-2 has infected 3,113,447 people and killed 216,930 as of April 29, 2020. Identifying populations vulnerable to infection and their disease progression is critical to mitigating the negative impacts on healthcare systems. Recent studies have shown that angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 to enter human cells (Zhou et al., 2020), raising the possibility that a higher ACE2 expression level could facilitate SARS-CoV-2infection.
