Investigating the characteristics and transformation of water-soluble carbonaceous matter in the cryosphere regions is important for understanding biogeochemical process in the earth system.Water-soluble carbonaceous ...Investigating the characteristics and transformation of water-soluble carbonaceous matter in the cryosphere regions is important for understanding biogeochemical process in the earth system.Water-soluble carbonaceous matter is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds that is soluble in aquatic environments.Despite its importance,we still lack systematic understanding for dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in several aspects including exact chemical composition and physical interactions with microorganisms,glacier meltwater.This review presents the chemical composition and physical properties of glacier DOC deposited through anthropogenic emission,terrestrial,and biogenic sources.We present the molecular composition of DOC and its effect over snow albedo and associated radiative forcings.Results indicate that DOC in snow/ice is made up of aromatic protein-like species,fulvic acid-like materials,and humic acid-like materials.Light-absorbing impurities in surface snow and glacier ice cause considerable albedo reduction and the associated radiative forcing is definitely positive.Water-soluble carbonaceous matter dominated the carbon transport in the high-altitude glacial area.Owing to prevailing global warming and projected increase in carbon emission,the glacial DOC is expected to release,which will have strong underlying impacts on cryosphere ecosystem.The results of this work have profound implications for better understanding the carbon cycle in high altitude cryosphere regions.A new compilation of globally distributed work is required,including large-scale measurements of glacial DOC over high-altitude cryosphere regions,to overcome and address the scientific challenges to constrain climate impacts of light-absorbing impurities related processes in Earth system and climate models.展开更多
目的研究溃疡性结肠炎(UC)肠道巨噬细胞的基因表达差异和生物学功能。方法选取2019年1月至12月前往the VA San Diego医疗机构就诊的7例UC患者和7名健康对照者为研究对象。分析直肠黏膜单细胞测序数据,比较巨噬细胞的差异表达基因,进行...目的研究溃疡性结肠炎(UC)肠道巨噬细胞的基因表达差异和生物学功能。方法选取2019年1月至12月前往the VA San Diego医疗机构就诊的7例UC患者和7名健康对照者为研究对象。分析直肠黏膜单细胞测序数据,比较巨噬细胞的差异表达基因,进行基因本体(GO)功能富集和京都基因和基因组数据库(KEGG)信号通路富集分析。结果过滤细胞,确定巨噬细胞群。筛选出UC组和对照组肠黏膜差异基因31个,包括TIMP1、IFITM3、IGHG1等。对差异基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,发现主要富集于氧化应激生物学过程和IL-17信号通路。结论肠道巨噬细胞的氧化应激和IL-17信号通路可能参与UC疾病过程。展开更多
基金supported by the second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(2019QZKK0605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971080)the support of Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021429)。
文摘Investigating the characteristics and transformation of water-soluble carbonaceous matter in the cryosphere regions is important for understanding biogeochemical process in the earth system.Water-soluble carbonaceous matter is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds that is soluble in aquatic environments.Despite its importance,we still lack systematic understanding for dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in several aspects including exact chemical composition and physical interactions with microorganisms,glacier meltwater.This review presents the chemical composition and physical properties of glacier DOC deposited through anthropogenic emission,terrestrial,and biogenic sources.We present the molecular composition of DOC and its effect over snow albedo and associated radiative forcings.Results indicate that DOC in snow/ice is made up of aromatic protein-like species,fulvic acid-like materials,and humic acid-like materials.Light-absorbing impurities in surface snow and glacier ice cause considerable albedo reduction and the associated radiative forcing is definitely positive.Water-soluble carbonaceous matter dominated the carbon transport in the high-altitude glacial area.Owing to prevailing global warming and projected increase in carbon emission,the glacial DOC is expected to release,which will have strong underlying impacts on cryosphere ecosystem.The results of this work have profound implications for better understanding the carbon cycle in high altitude cryosphere regions.A new compilation of globally distributed work is required,including large-scale measurements of glacial DOC over high-altitude cryosphere regions,to overcome and address the scientific challenges to constrain climate impacts of light-absorbing impurities related processes in Earth system and climate models.
文摘目的研究溃疡性结肠炎(UC)肠道巨噬细胞的基因表达差异和生物学功能。方法选取2019年1月至12月前往the VA San Diego医疗机构就诊的7例UC患者和7名健康对照者为研究对象。分析直肠黏膜单细胞测序数据,比较巨噬细胞的差异表达基因,进行基因本体(GO)功能富集和京都基因和基因组数据库(KEGG)信号通路富集分析。结果过滤细胞,确定巨噬细胞群。筛选出UC组和对照组肠黏膜差异基因31个,包括TIMP1、IFITM3、IGHG1等。对差异基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,发现主要富集于氧化应激生物学过程和IL-17信号通路。结论肠道巨噬细胞的氧化应激和IL-17信号通路可能参与UC疾病过程。
