Purpose: To show epidemiological and imaging aspects of congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed late. Method: It was a retrospective study, including all patients with congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnos...Purpose: To show epidemiological and imaging aspects of congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed late. Method: It was a retrospective study, including all patients with congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed at a late age between January 2020 and October 2022 at the eye center of Abass Ndao Hospital. Complete ophthalmological examination was performed with eye imaging according to the cases. Results: 09 patients (10 eyes) were diagnosed with congenital optic disc abnormalities. The mean age was 29 years, with a sex ratio of 0.8. Three patients had consulted for unilateral decreased visual acuity since childhood, two for sudden vision loss and in four cases the diagnosis was fortuitous. Visual acuity was ranged from 1/200 to 20/20. Fundus examination showed myelinated retinal nerve fibers in four eyes, optic disc pit in three eyes including two complicated by maculopathy, two cases of morning glory syndrome and a case of pseudoduplication of the optic disc. Optical coherence tomography, ocular ultrasound B and OCT-Angiography were performed according to the cases. Conclusion: Congenital optic disc abnormalities are often diagnosed late. They are potentially amblyogenic and complications are not rare, worsening the visual prognosis. Their screening should be systematic by ophthalmological examination in newborns.展开更多
Introduction: exotropia is a deviation outside the visual axes. In children, an association with ametropia is often observed, however, that with hyperopia is rare. The objective of this study was to highlight the part...Introduction: exotropia is a deviation outside the visual axes. In children, an association with ametropia is often observed, however, that with hyperopia is rare. The objective of this study was to highlight the particularities of the management of exotropia associated with hyperopia in children. Subjects and Methods: this was a retrospective study over 78 months including all children aged 0 to 15 years, treated for exotropia associated with hyperopia. Results: we found 20 cases of exotropia with hyperopia, or 57.15% of exotropia. The mean age was 4.3 years and the sex ratio was 0.82. Hyperopia was mild in 30 eyes (75%), moderate in 9 eyes (22.5%) and high in 2.5% of eyes. Over a one-year follow-up, 10 children (50%) had regular follow-up, including 6 with full hyperopic correction and 4 with partial hyperopic correction. After full hyperopic correction, one child had a resolution of his exotropia;2 had a decrease in the angle of deviation and 3 had no improvement of their exotropia. Among the 4 with partial hyperopic correction children, 2 had a resolution of their exotropia. Strabismus surgery was planned in 3 children after iso-acuity. Conclusion: the association of exotropia and hyperopia poses a management problem. The total correction or not of hyperopia is discussed according to several authors.展开更多
Convective heat transfer coefficients, materializing exchanges between solid wall (here typha) and its environment, influence its behavior under excitation pulse. Temperature of wall and its density of flow vary with ...Convective heat transfer coefficients, materializing exchanges between solid wall (here typha) and its environment, influence its behavior under excitation pulse. Temperature of wall and its density of flow vary with these coefficients according to its thickness (in depth). This study therefore focuses on the evaluation of convective heat transfer coefficient on front face and the optimal insulation thickness.展开更多
Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal ...Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: We retrospectively included files of pediatric patients (aged 0 to 15 years), clinically diagnosed with rhematogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between January 2015 and June 2019. The ophthalmological examination was as complete as the age of the patients allowed and a pediatric examination was systematically performed in all children. The data has been processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: 16 eyes of 11 patients were included. The hospital frequency of RRD was 3.37%, with a sex ratio of 1.75 and a mean age of 11.9 years. The average consultation time was 2 months. Contusive eye trauma was reported in 31.25% and myopia in 18.75%. The visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 20/400. The RRD was total in 81.25% and retinal lesions were found in 43.75%, including 25% atrophic holes and tears with lattice degeneration, 12.5% temporal retinal dialysis and one giant tear. Stage B of Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 18.75% and stage C in 56.25%. Scleral buckling was performed in 37.5% and 23G pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil in 18.75%. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.6 months with anatomical success in 77.7% correlated with functional recovery in 55.5%. The RRD was persistent in one case and a recurrent RRD under silicone was observed in one eye. Two children underwent cataract surgery secondary to vitrectomy, and one case of ocular hypertonia under silicone was noted. Conclusion: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe disease, with essentially traumatic etiology in older children. Delayed diagnosis is a factor in poor prognosis.展开更多
Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal ...Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: We retrospectively included files of pediatric patients (aged 0 to 15 years), clinically diagnosed with rhematogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between January 2015 and June 2019. The ophthalmological examination was as complete as the age of the patients allowed and a pediatric examination was systematically performed in all children. The data has been processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: 16 eyes of 11 patients were included. The hospital frequency of RRD was 3.37%, with a sex ratio of 1.75 and a mean age of 11.9 years. The average consultation time was 2 months. Contusive eye trauma was reported in 31.25% and myopia in 18.75%. The visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 20/400. The RRD was total in 81.25% and retinal lesions were found in 43.75%, including 25% atrophic holes and tears with lattice degeneration, 12.5% temporal retinal dialysis and one giant tear. Stage B of Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 18.75% and stage C in 56.25%. Scleral buckling was performed in 37.5% and 23G pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil in 18.75%. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.6 months with anatomical success in 77.7% correlated with functional recovery in 55.5%. The RRD was persistent in one case and a recurrent RRD under silicone was observed in one eye. Two children underwent cataract surgery secondary to vitrectomy, and one case of ocular hypertonia under silicone was noted. Conclusion: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe disease, with essentially traumatic etiology in older children. Delayed diagnosis is a factor in poor prognosis.展开更多
New information and communication technologies have led to the emergence of new techniques in our daily lives. Indeed, in topography, a lightning development of new techniques and new devices has been noticed. This de...New information and communication technologies have led to the emergence of new techniques in our daily lives. Indeed, in topography, a lightning development of new techniques and new devices has been noticed. This development has given rise to a multitude of choices of devices and various classes of precision. This implies that the decision-makers have to study the adequate equipment and the appropriate technique according to the topographic task to be realized. The objective is not to compare GNSS and topographic techniques, but to point out the contribution of the Global Navigation Satelite System (GNSS) techniques of topographic work. Thus, a theoretical study with a critical eye on the scientific principle of calculating the third topographic dimension followed by a leveling campaign, Real Time Kinematic (RTK) surveys will be used in order to be able to compare and interpret the result from these campaigns. The study of the difference resulting from the practical campaigns will allow us to identify the contribution of GNSS technology.展开更多
Medicines are a global, strategic and diplomatic issue [1]. The UN General Secretary’s High Level Task Force [2] on Access to Medicines calls for a new approach to reduce the gap between medical innovations and acces...Medicines are a global, strategic and diplomatic issue [1]. The UN General Secretary’s High Level Task Force [2] on Access to Medicines calls for a new approach to reduce the gap between medical innovations and access to medicines. Inequality in access to quality pharmaceutical products in a framework of global health democracy poses a threat to the ethical and equitable management of the provision of quality health care, particularly during global health crises. In French-speaking Africa, the lack of a unified production of pharmaceutical medicines forces wholesalers （public and private） to import almost all of their medicine demands resulting in a risk of dependence and major pharmaceutical quality defects. These central purchasing units are therefore often faced with the major challenge of guaranteeing the performance of their services and the security of their supplies. In order to achieve component 3 （“Access to Health”） of the SDOs （sustainable development goals）, in particular the access to affordable medicines, it is essential for a country to have a strategy of pharmaceutical independence [3] by anticipating the epidemiological transition and the management of health crises. This strategy of pharmaceutical independence is based in the short and medium term on the strengthening of central purchasing units and the establishment of a public-private partnership between central purchasing units and wholesalers, and in the long term on the establishment of competitive production units that comply with international standards. However, recent health crises have shown the fragility of public central purchasing units and make it difficult to anticipate health crises.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To show epidemiological and imaging aspects of congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed late. Method: It was a retrospective study, including all patients with congenital optic disc abnormalities diagnosed at a late age between January 2020 and October 2022 at the eye center of Abass Ndao Hospital. Complete ophthalmological examination was performed with eye imaging according to the cases. Results: 09 patients (10 eyes) were diagnosed with congenital optic disc abnormalities. The mean age was 29 years, with a sex ratio of 0.8. Three patients had consulted for unilateral decreased visual acuity since childhood, two for sudden vision loss and in four cases the diagnosis was fortuitous. Visual acuity was ranged from 1/200 to 20/20. Fundus examination showed myelinated retinal nerve fibers in four eyes, optic disc pit in three eyes including two complicated by maculopathy, two cases of morning glory syndrome and a case of pseudoduplication of the optic disc. Optical coherence tomography, ocular ultrasound B and OCT-Angiography were performed according to the cases. Conclusion: Congenital optic disc abnormalities are often diagnosed late. They are potentially amblyogenic and complications are not rare, worsening the visual prognosis. Their screening should be systematic by ophthalmological examination in newborns.
文摘Introduction: exotropia is a deviation outside the visual axes. In children, an association with ametropia is often observed, however, that with hyperopia is rare. The objective of this study was to highlight the particularities of the management of exotropia associated with hyperopia in children. Subjects and Methods: this was a retrospective study over 78 months including all children aged 0 to 15 years, treated for exotropia associated with hyperopia. Results: we found 20 cases of exotropia with hyperopia, or 57.15% of exotropia. The mean age was 4.3 years and the sex ratio was 0.82. Hyperopia was mild in 30 eyes (75%), moderate in 9 eyes (22.5%) and high in 2.5% of eyes. Over a one-year follow-up, 10 children (50%) had regular follow-up, including 6 with full hyperopic correction and 4 with partial hyperopic correction. After full hyperopic correction, one child had a resolution of his exotropia;2 had a decrease in the angle of deviation and 3 had no improvement of their exotropia. Among the 4 with partial hyperopic correction children, 2 had a resolution of their exotropia. Strabismus surgery was planned in 3 children after iso-acuity. Conclusion: the association of exotropia and hyperopia poses a management problem. The total correction or not of hyperopia is discussed according to several authors.
文摘Convective heat transfer coefficients, materializing exchanges between solid wall (here typha) and its environment, influence its behavior under excitation pulse. Temperature of wall and its density of flow vary with these coefficients according to its thickness (in depth). This study therefore focuses on the evaluation of convective heat transfer coefficient on front face and the optimal insulation thickness.
文摘Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: We retrospectively included files of pediatric patients (aged 0 to 15 years), clinically diagnosed with rhematogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between January 2015 and June 2019. The ophthalmological examination was as complete as the age of the patients allowed and a pediatric examination was systematically performed in all children. The data has been processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: 16 eyes of 11 patients were included. The hospital frequency of RRD was 3.37%, with a sex ratio of 1.75 and a mean age of 11.9 years. The average consultation time was 2 months. Contusive eye trauma was reported in 31.25% and myopia in 18.75%. The visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 20/400. The RRD was total in 81.25% and retinal lesions were found in 43.75%, including 25% atrophic holes and tears with lattice degeneration, 12.5% temporal retinal dialysis and one giant tear. Stage B of Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 18.75% and stage C in 56.25%. Scleral buckling was performed in 37.5% and 23G pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil in 18.75%. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.6 months with anatomical success in 77.7% correlated with functional recovery in 55.5%. The RRD was persistent in one case and a recurrent RRD under silicone was observed in one eye. Two children underwent cataract surgery secondary to vitrectomy, and one case of ocular hypertonia under silicone was noted. Conclusion: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe disease, with essentially traumatic etiology in older children. Delayed diagnosis is a factor in poor prognosis.
文摘Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: We retrospectively included files of pediatric patients (aged 0 to 15 years), clinically diagnosed with rhematogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between January 2015 and June 2019. The ophthalmological examination was as complete as the age of the patients allowed and a pediatric examination was systematically performed in all children. The data has been processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: 16 eyes of 11 patients were included. The hospital frequency of RRD was 3.37%, with a sex ratio of 1.75 and a mean age of 11.9 years. The average consultation time was 2 months. Contusive eye trauma was reported in 31.25% and myopia in 18.75%. The visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 20/400. The RRD was total in 81.25% and retinal lesions were found in 43.75%, including 25% atrophic holes and tears with lattice degeneration, 12.5% temporal retinal dialysis and one giant tear. Stage B of Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 18.75% and stage C in 56.25%. Scleral buckling was performed in 37.5% and 23G pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil in 18.75%. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.6 months with anatomical success in 77.7% correlated with functional recovery in 55.5%. The RRD was persistent in one case and a recurrent RRD under silicone was observed in one eye. Two children underwent cataract surgery secondary to vitrectomy, and one case of ocular hypertonia under silicone was noted. Conclusion: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe disease, with essentially traumatic etiology in older children. Delayed diagnosis is a factor in poor prognosis.
文摘New information and communication technologies have led to the emergence of new techniques in our daily lives. Indeed, in topography, a lightning development of new techniques and new devices has been noticed. This development has given rise to a multitude of choices of devices and various classes of precision. This implies that the decision-makers have to study the adequate equipment and the appropriate technique according to the topographic task to be realized. The objective is not to compare GNSS and topographic techniques, but to point out the contribution of the Global Navigation Satelite System (GNSS) techniques of topographic work. Thus, a theoretical study with a critical eye on the scientific principle of calculating the third topographic dimension followed by a leveling campaign, Real Time Kinematic (RTK) surveys will be used in order to be able to compare and interpret the result from these campaigns. The study of the difference resulting from the practical campaigns will allow us to identify the contribution of GNSS technology.
文摘Medicines are a global, strategic and diplomatic issue [1]. The UN General Secretary’s High Level Task Force [2] on Access to Medicines calls for a new approach to reduce the gap between medical innovations and access to medicines. Inequality in access to quality pharmaceutical products in a framework of global health democracy poses a threat to the ethical and equitable management of the provision of quality health care, particularly during global health crises. In French-speaking Africa, the lack of a unified production of pharmaceutical medicines forces wholesalers （public and private） to import almost all of their medicine demands resulting in a risk of dependence and major pharmaceutical quality defects. These central purchasing units are therefore often faced with the major challenge of guaranteeing the performance of their services and the security of their supplies. In order to achieve component 3 （“Access to Health”） of the SDOs （sustainable development goals）, in particular the access to affordable medicines, it is essential for a country to have a strategy of pharmaceutical independence [3] by anticipating the epidemiological transition and the management of health crises. This strategy of pharmaceutical independence is based in the short and medium term on the strengthening of central purchasing units and the establishment of a public-private partnership between central purchasing units and wholesalers, and in the long term on the establishment of competitive production units that comply with international standards. However, recent health crises have shown the fragility of public central purchasing units and make it difficult to anticipate health crises.
