This paper reviews the development of current research in bulk glassy alloys by focusing on the trigger point for the synthesis of the first bulk glassy alloys by the conventional mold casting method. This review cove...This paper reviews the development of current research in bulk glassy alloys by focusing on the trigger point for the synthesis of the first bulk glassy alloys by the conventional mold casting method. This review covers the background, discovery, characteristics, and applications of bulk glassy alloys, as well as recent topics regarding them. Applications of bulk glassy alloys have been expanding, particularly for Fe-based bulk glassy alloys, due to their unique properties, high glass-forming ability, and low cost. In the near future, the engineering importance of bulk glassy alloys is expected to increase steadily, and continuous interest in these novel metallic materials for basic science research is anticipated.展开更多
Metallic glasses represent an interesting group of materials as they possess outstanding physical, chemical and mechanical properties compared to their crystalline counterparts.Currently, with well designed compositio...Metallic glasses represent an interesting group of materials as they possess outstanding physical, chemical and mechanical properties compared to their crystalline counterparts.Currently, with well designed compositions it is possible to cast liquid alloys into the glassy state at low critical cooling rates from 100 K·s-1 to 1 K·s-1 and in large critical sample sizes up to several centimeters, which significantly enhances the promise for possible applications as advanced engineering materials.This paper reviews the development of (ZrCu)-based bulk metallic glasses with large sizes by copper mold casting and their unique properties.Additionally, the ex-situ and in-situ second phases reinforced BMG composites with large plasticity are also presented.展开更多
The unusual glass-forming ability（GFA） of the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 alloy and the high ductility of the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 metallic glass-matrix composites containing Ta powder were reported.The bulk metallic glass rod with a ...The unusual glass-forming ability（GFA） of the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 alloy and the high ductility of the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 metallic glass-matrix composites containing Ta powder were reported.The bulk metallic glass rod with a diameter of 25 mm was successfully synthesized using copper mold casting for the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 alloy.High GFA of this alloy was found to be related to a large supercooled liquid region and a quaternary eutectic point with low melting temperature.The bulk metallic glass matrix composites were prepared by introducing extra Ta particles into the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 melt.The composites consist of Ta particles homogenously distributed in the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 metallic glass matrix.The optimum content of Ta powder is 10at%for the composite with the highest plasticity,which shows a plastic strain of 31%.展开更多
Metallic glasses(MG)represent an interesting group of materials as they possess outstanding physical,chemical and mechanical properties compared to their crystalline counterparts.This paper reviews the synergistic inf...Metallic glasses(MG)represent an interesting group of materials as they possess outstanding physical,chemical and mechanical properties compared to their crystalline counterparts.This paper reviews the synergistic influence of Ni and Nb elements on thermal stability of supercooled liquid and corrosion resistance of as-cast Cu-Zr(Hf)-Ti-Ni-Nb bulk metallic glasses(BMGs).Additionally,in-situ second phase reinforced Cu-based BMG composites with high corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties are investigated.On the other hand,this paper reports the development of ultra-high corrosion resistant Ni-based metallic glasses at high temperatures for their potential applications.Corrosion resistance and XPS analysis of the Nifree Ti-based BMG are also introduced.展开更多
Ferromagnetic bulk metallic glasses(FBMGs)possess excellent soft magnetic properties,good corrosion resistance,and high strength.Unfortunately,their commercial utility is limited by their brittleness.In this work,we r...Ferromagnetic bulk metallic glasses(FBMGs)possess excellent soft magnetic properties,good corrosion resistance,and high strength.Unfortunately,their commercial utility is limited by their brittleness.In this work,we report the enhancement in the room-temperature plasticity during the compression(25%)and bending flexibility of Fe_(74)Mo_(6)P_(13)C_(7) FBMG by using water quenching.The high-energy synchrotron X-ray measurements,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,three-dimensional X-ray microtomog-raphy,and finite element simulation were performed to reveal the origin.It was found that the M-shape profile of residual stress improves the mechanical properties of FBMGs,particularly their plasticity.The reversal of the heat-transfer coefficient and cooling rate from the'vapor blanket'to'nucleate boiling'transition during water quenching processing is the main cause of the unusual profile of residual stress in glassy cylinders.Encouraged by the progress in developing flexible silicate glasses,this work highlights a processing method to improve plasticity and surmount technical barriers for the commercialization of FBMGs.展开更多
Water splitting is an environment friendly and efficient way to produce hydrogen.Highly efficient and low-cost non-noble metal catalysts play an important role in hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Dealloying is a simpl...Water splitting is an environment friendly and efficient way to produce hydrogen.Highly efficient and low-cost non-noble metal catalysts play an important role in hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Dealloying is a simple method to prepare three-dimensional self-supporting nanoporous materials without conductive supports and binders.In this work,we prepared self-supporting nanoporous CoBP electrocatalyst by dealloying method.The influence of the synergistic effect of nonmetallic elements on catalytic activity was investigated.The synergistic electronic effect of Co,B and P atoms on the surface optimizes the H atoms desorption and results in superior HER activity.The bi-continuous structure of nanoporous CoBP provides more active area and favors of electron and electrolyte transfer.The nanoporous CoBP with the B/P atomic ratio of 1/3 exhibits low overpotential of 42 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2),small Tafel slope of 39.8 mV·dec-1 and good long-term stability with no performance decrease for 20 h in alkaline solution.展开更多
The structure-property relationship,one of the central themes in materials science,is far from being well understood for metallic glasses(MGs)due to the great complexity of their amorphous structures.Based on the anal...The structure-property relationship,one of the central themes in materials science,is far from being well understood for metallic glasses(MGs)due to the great complexity of their amorphous structures.Based on the analysis of published experimental data for 165 MGs from more than 15 different alloy systems,the present study reveals a universal dependence of mechanical properties(Young’s moduli,shear moduli and yield strength)on simple structural parameters(the inter-atomic distance and/or valence electron density)originating from the interatomic potential and Fermi sphere-Brillouin zone interaction.This work establishes a structure-property relationship for metallic glasses and provides insights into the fundamentals of the mechanical properties of disordered systems.展开更多
The Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)(at%)amorphous filler alloy in a ribbon form was prepared by melt spinning.The Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy was brazed in vacuum furnace by using the Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)amor...The Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)(at%)amorphous filler alloy in a ribbon form was prepared by melt spinning.The Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy was brazed in vacuum furnace by using the Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)amorphous filler alloy.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti-6 Al-4 V brazed joints were investigated.The brazed joints are composed ofα-Ti,β-Ti,and(Ti,Zr)_(2)Cu phases.The shear strength of the joints increases with brazing temperature increasing from 1153 to 1193 K and holding time from 10 to 15 min,while decreases with brazing temperature and time further increasing.Low temperature brazing results in the formation of microcracks and voids in the seams,which are harmful for the shear strength of the joints.In the joint brazed at 1193 K for 15 min,a fineα+βWidmansta¨tten structure beneficial to the mechanical property is formed,and the joint exhibits relatively high joint strength of 180 MPa.展开更多
The mechanical properties of nanoporous metals(NPMs)are very important for their potential applications in flexible electronics.Here,the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al metallic glass(NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG)composite with high strength,hig...The mechanical properties of nanoporous metals(NPMs)are very important for their potential applications in flexible electronics.Here,the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al metallic glass(NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG)composite with high strength,high hardness,and good flexibility is reported.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG was synthesized by a two-step dealloying method.First,the flexible NP Zr-Cu-Al MG was prepared by selective etching the active Y-rich MG from the pseudobinary MG system(Zr_(47)Cu_(46)Al_(7)MG+Y_(47)Cu_(46)Al_(7)MG)of Cu46Zr23.5-Y23.5Al7 alloy.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG was then obtained by further etching the NP Zr-Cu-Al MG and the Cu layer was evenly covered on the MG matrix of ligaments.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG demonstrated good flexibility due to its non-cracking structure and the existence of flexible Zr-Cu-Al MG.Additionally,the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG showed the highest tensile strength of 143.9 MPa and nanohardness of0.79 GPa among all the reported NPMs.The Zr-Cu-Al MG strengthening phase weakened the rupture of Cu@Zr-Cu-Al ligaments,which could effectively restrain the crack initiation and propagation in the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG.Finally,it could improve the comprehensive mechanical properties.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG was applied as an electrode for supercapacitors and glucose biosensors.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG electrode displayed better conductivity and supercapacitor capacitance than the bare NP Zr-Cu-Al MG electrode.展开更多
The effective engineering applications of nanoporous metals(NPMs)in flexible energy storage and wearable healthcare biosensor monitoring require its uniform ligaments network,specifically crack-free and flexible monol...The effective engineering applications of nanoporous metals(NPMs)in flexible energy storage and wearable healthcare biosensor monitoring require its uniform ligaments network,specifically crack-free and flexible monolithic bodies.However,the macroscopic fragility of NPMs restricts their applications in wearable electronics fields.Here we focus on the synthetization of highly flexible NPMs.The effects of structural factors,e.g.ligament-network connectivity and micro-cracks on the mechanical properties of nanoporous Ag(np Ag)are investigated.The well-interconnected np Ag metal exhibits higher tensile strength,nanohardness and Vickers hardness than those for the ill-interconnected np Ag metal.The quality of the network connectivity dominates the strength and hardness of the np Ag.The flexibility/fragility is determined by the micro-crack in np Ag.The crack-free np Ag exhibits good flexible behavior.When micro-cracks are introduced,the np Ag becomes fragile.The control of soft volume shrinkage rate(Vsr)and slow surface diffusivity(Ds)effectively suppresses the crack initiation and propagation of as-formed np Ag.These results provide useful insights to synthesize more flexible and crack-free NPM materials for effective use in public wearable electronics and diverse flexible engineering applications in the future.展开更多
In this work,amorphous Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_(5)Cu_(30)alloy thin film was prepared on D36 steel substrate by magnetron sputtering method.The film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XR...In this work,amorphous Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_(5)Cu_(30)alloy thin film was prepared on D36 steel substrate by magnetron sputtering method.The film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),atomic force microscopy(AFM),hardness tester and nano indentation.Corrosion behavior of the film was investigated in 3.5%NaCl aqueous solutions by an electrochemical method.At room temperature,the amorphous alloy film was formed completely after sputtering for 5 h.The surface morphology of the amorphous alloy film was uniform and smooth.Formation of the amorphous alloy film improved the microhardness and corrosion resistance of the D36 substrate.The amorphous alloy film(prepared at room temperature for 5 h)exhibited good adhesion strength with the substrate.The as-sputtered sample exhibited a crevice corrosion trend when the sputtering time was too short(1 h)or too long(10 h).展开更多
基金supported by Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program (2009010005)
文摘This paper reviews the development of current research in bulk glassy alloys by focusing on the trigger point for the synthesis of the first bulk glassy alloys by the conventional mold casting method. This review covers the background, discovery, characteristics, and applications of bulk glassy alloys, as well as recent topics regarding them. Applications of bulk glassy alloys have been expanding, particularly for Fe-based bulk glassy alloys, due to their unique properties, high glass-forming ability, and low cost. In the near future, the engineering importance of bulk glassy alloys is expected to increase steadily, and continuous interest in these novel metallic materials for basic science research is anticipated.
文摘Metallic glasses represent an interesting group of materials as they possess outstanding physical, chemical and mechanical properties compared to their crystalline counterparts.Currently, with well designed compositions it is possible to cast liquid alloys into the glassy state at low critical cooling rates from 100 K·s-1 to 1 K·s-1 and in large critical sample sizes up to several centimeters, which significantly enhances the promise for possible applications as advanced engineering materials.This paper reviews the development of (ZrCu)-based bulk metallic glasses with large sizes by copper mold casting and their unique properties.Additionally, the ex-situ and in-situ second phases reinforced BMG composites with large plasticity are also presented.
基金supported by Grant-In-Aid for Scientific Research(C)(No.19560689)
文摘The unusual glass-forming ability（GFA） of the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 alloy and the high ductility of the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 metallic glass-matrix composites containing Ta powder were reported.The bulk metallic glass rod with a diameter of 25 mm was successfully synthesized using copper mold casting for the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 alloy.High GFA of this alloy was found to be related to a large supercooled liquid region and a quaternary eutectic point with low melting temperature.The bulk metallic glass matrix composites were prepared by introducing extra Ta particles into the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 melt.The composites consist of Ta particles homogenously distributed in the Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 metallic glass matrix.The optimum content of Ta powder is 10at%for the composite with the highest plasticity,which shows a plastic strain of 31%.
基金supported by the"100 Talents Project"of Hebei province,China(E2012100009)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei province,China(E2012202017)the"Development of Self Structural Organizational Origination Type Supercooled Metal Project"by Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)
文摘Metallic glasses(MG)represent an interesting group of materials as they possess outstanding physical,chemical and mechanical properties compared to their crystalline counterparts.This paper reviews the synergistic influence of Ni and Nb elements on thermal stability of supercooled liquid and corrosion resistance of as-cast Cu-Zr(Hf)-Ti-Ni-Nb bulk metallic glasses(BMGs).Additionally,in-situ second phase reinforced Cu-based BMG composites with high corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties are investigated.On the other hand,this paper reports the development of ultra-high corrosion resistant Ni-based metallic glasses at high temperatures for their potential applications.Corrosion resistance and XPS analysis of the Nifree Ti-based BMG are also introduced.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52171165)。
文摘Ferromagnetic bulk metallic glasses(FBMGs)possess excellent soft magnetic properties,good corrosion resistance,and high strength.Unfortunately,their commercial utility is limited by their brittleness.In this work,we report the enhancement in the room-temperature plasticity during the compression(25%)and bending flexibility of Fe_(74)Mo_(6)P_(13)C_(7) FBMG by using water quenching.The high-energy synchrotron X-ray measurements,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,three-dimensional X-ray microtomog-raphy,and finite element simulation were performed to reveal the origin.It was found that the M-shape profile of residual stress improves the mechanical properties of FBMGs,particularly their plasticity.The reversal of the heat-transfer coefficient and cooling rate from the'vapor blanket'to'nucleate boiling'transition during water quenching processing is the main cause of the unusual profile of residual stress in glassy cylinders.Encouraged by the progress in developing flexible silicate glasses,this work highlights a processing method to improve plasticity and surmount technical barriers for the commercialization of FBMGs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771131)。
文摘Water splitting is an environment friendly and efficient way to produce hydrogen.Highly efficient and low-cost non-noble metal catalysts play an important role in hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Dealloying is a simple method to prepare three-dimensional self-supporting nanoporous materials without conductive supports and binders.In this work,we prepared self-supporting nanoporous CoBP electrocatalyst by dealloying method.The influence of the synergistic effect of nonmetallic elements on catalytic activity was investigated.The synergistic electronic effect of Co,B and P atoms on the surface optimizes the H atoms desorption and results in superior HER activity.The bi-continuous structure of nanoporous CoBP provides more active area and favors of electron and electrolyte transfer.The nanoporous CoBP with the B/P atomic ratio of 1/3 exhibits low overpotential of 42 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2),small Tafel slope of 39.8 mV·dec-1 and good long-term stability with no performance decrease for 20 h in alkaline solution.
基金This work was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51871237 and 51631003)the Xuzhou Key Research&Development Program(No.KC17015)provided through the European Research Council under the Advanced Grant“INTELHYB–Next Generation of Complex Metallic Materials in Intelligent Hybrid Structures”(No.ERC-2013-ADG-340025)。
文摘The structure-property relationship,one of the central themes in materials science,is far from being well understood for metallic glasses(MGs)due to the great complexity of their amorphous structures.Based on the analysis of published experimental data for 165 MGs from more than 15 different alloy systems,the present study reveals a universal dependence of mechanical properties(Young’s moduli,shear moduli and yield strength)on simple structural parameters(the inter-atomic distance and/or valence electron density)originating from the interatomic potential and Fermi sphere-Brillouin zone interaction.This work establishes a structure-property relationship for metallic glasses and provides insights into the fundamentals of the mechanical properties of disordered systems.
基金the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(No.14JCZDJC38600)。
文摘The Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)(at%)amorphous filler alloy in a ribbon form was prepared by melt spinning.The Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy was brazed in vacuum furnace by using the Ti_(51.44)Zr_(16.26)Cu_(30)Sn_(2.3)amorphous filler alloy.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti-6 Al-4 V brazed joints were investigated.The brazed joints are composed ofα-Ti,β-Ti,and(Ti,Zr)_(2)Cu phases.The shear strength of the joints increases with brazing temperature increasing from 1153 to 1193 K and holding time from 10 to 15 min,while decreases with brazing temperature and time further increasing.Low temperature brazing results in the formation of microcracks and voids in the seams,which are harmful for the shear strength of the joints.In the joint brazed at 1193 K for 15 min,a fineα+βWidmansta¨tten structure beneficial to the mechanical property is formed,and the joint exhibits relatively high joint strength of 180 MPa.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51771131)the Recruitment Program of Global Experts“1000 Talents Plan”of China(WQ20121200052)。
文摘The mechanical properties of nanoporous metals(NPMs)are very important for their potential applications in flexible electronics.Here,the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al metallic glass(NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG)composite with high strength,high hardness,and good flexibility is reported.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG was synthesized by a two-step dealloying method.First,the flexible NP Zr-Cu-Al MG was prepared by selective etching the active Y-rich MG from the pseudobinary MG system(Zr_(47)Cu_(46)Al_(7)MG+Y_(47)Cu_(46)Al_(7)MG)of Cu46Zr23.5-Y23.5Al7 alloy.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG was then obtained by further etching the NP Zr-Cu-Al MG and the Cu layer was evenly covered on the MG matrix of ligaments.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG demonstrated good flexibility due to its non-cracking structure and the existence of flexible Zr-Cu-Al MG.Additionally,the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG showed the highest tensile strength of 143.9 MPa and nanohardness of0.79 GPa among all the reported NPMs.The Zr-Cu-Al MG strengthening phase weakened the rupture of Cu@Zr-Cu-Al ligaments,which could effectively restrain the crack initiation and propagation in the NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG.Finally,it could improve the comprehensive mechanical properties.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG was applied as an electrode for supercapacitors and glucose biosensors.The NP Cu@Zr-Cu-Al MG electrode displayed better conductivity and supercapacitor capacitance than the bare NP Zr-Cu-Al MG electrode.
基金financial support of the project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771131)Recruitment Program of Global Experts“1000 Talents Plan”of China(No.WQ20121200052)。
文摘The effective engineering applications of nanoporous metals(NPMs)in flexible energy storage and wearable healthcare biosensor monitoring require its uniform ligaments network,specifically crack-free and flexible monolithic bodies.However,the macroscopic fragility of NPMs restricts their applications in wearable electronics fields.Here we focus on the synthetization of highly flexible NPMs.The effects of structural factors,e.g.ligament-network connectivity and micro-cracks on the mechanical properties of nanoporous Ag(np Ag)are investigated.The well-interconnected np Ag metal exhibits higher tensile strength,nanohardness and Vickers hardness than those for the ill-interconnected np Ag metal.The quality of the network connectivity dominates the strength and hardness of the np Ag.The flexibility/fragility is determined by the micro-crack in np Ag.The crack-free np Ag exhibits good flexible behavior.When micro-cracks are introduced,the np Ag becomes fragile.The control of soft volume shrinkage rate(Vsr)and slow surface diffusivity(Ds)effectively suppresses the crack initiation and propagation of as-formed np Ag.These results provide useful insights to synthesize more flexible and crack-free NPM materials for effective use in public wearable electronics and diverse flexible engineering applications in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51771131)。
文摘In this work,amorphous Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_(5)Cu_(30)alloy thin film was prepared on D36 steel substrate by magnetron sputtering method.The film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),atomic force microscopy(AFM),hardness tester and nano indentation.Corrosion behavior of the film was investigated in 3.5%NaCl aqueous solutions by an electrochemical method.At room temperature,the amorphous alloy film was formed completely after sputtering for 5 h.The surface morphology of the amorphous alloy film was uniform and smooth.Formation of the amorphous alloy film improved the microhardness and corrosion resistance of the D36 substrate.The amorphous alloy film(prepared at room temperature for 5 h)exhibited good adhesion strength with the substrate.The as-sputtered sample exhibited a crevice corrosion trend when the sputtering time was too short(1 h)or too long(10 h).
