针对水包稠油乳状液的界面性质,开展油水界面研究对于水包稠油型乳状液稳定性研究是重要的研究手段之一。本论文首先对稠油进行了稠油四组分分析,然后确定了油品A的密度和粘度的特性,并确定了模型。选取了两种不同的表面活性剂OP-10和TX...针对水包稠油乳状液的界面性质,开展油水界面研究对于水包稠油型乳状液稳定性研究是重要的研究手段之一。本论文首先对稠油进行了稠油四组分分析,然后确定了油品A的密度和粘度的特性,并确定了模型。选取了两种不同的表面活性剂OP-10和TX-100,开展了油水界面乳化性质的影响因素分析。分析结果表明:当两种表面活性剂的浓度在一定范围内变化时,它们的界面张力大小不同,但是呈现着一样的规律,随着表面活性剂含量的增多,油水界面张力下降,水包油型乳状液的稳定性增加。当频率一定时,随着表面活性剂浓度的增加,油水界面膜的扩张模量增大,当浓度达到一定值时,活性剂间发生蒂合,形成聚合物,降低了油水界面膜的强度,扩张模量减小。Aiming at the interfacial properties of water-in-heavy oil emulsions, conducting oil-water interface research is one of the important research methods for the stability of water-in-heavy oil emulsions. This paper first analyzed the four components of heavy oil, then determined the density and viscosity characteristics of oil product A and determined the model. Two different surfactants, OP-10 and TX-100, were selected to analyze the influencing factors of the emulsification properties of the oil-water interface. The analysis results show that when the concentrations of the two surfactants vary within a certain range, their interfacial tensions are different, but they show the same law. With the increase of the surfactant content, the oil-water interfacial tension decreases, and the stability of the water-in-oil emulsion increases. When the frequency is constant, with the increase of the surfactant concentration, the dilation modulus of the oil-water interfacial film increases. When the concentration reaches a certain value, the surfactants fuse to form polymers, which reduces the strength of the oil-water interfacial film and reduces the dilation modulus.展开更多
【目的】分析中国大豆疫霉菌的群体遗传结构,探索不同地区大豆疫霉菌群体间的亲缘关系。【方法】采用RFLP(restriction fragment length polymorphism)技术,对大豆疫霉菌进行群体遗传结构的分析;利用Popgene V1.32软件计算大豆疫霉菌群...【目的】分析中国大豆疫霉菌的群体遗传结构,探索不同地区大豆疫霉菌群体间的亲缘关系。【方法】采用RFLP(restriction fragment length polymorphism)技术,对大豆疫霉菌进行群体遗传结构的分析;利用Popgene V1.32软件计算大豆疫霉菌群体间的遗传相似度;利用NTSYSpc V2.10软件估算菌株间的遗传距离,并依据遗传距离构建UPGMA(unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages)系统树状图谱。【结果】采用探针PS127558对来自黑龙江、新疆和内蒙古等5个大豆疫霉菌地理群体的133个菌株的遗传多样性进行了分析,共得到25条杂交带,其中多态性条带为24个,占96%。黑龙江分别和新疆、内蒙古群体间遗传相似度较高。相对于黑龙江群体遗传结构的高度复杂性,新疆和内蒙古菌株的群体遗传结构则比较简单,分别有88.2%和100%的菌株分属于同一聚类组,且均有超过58%的菌株和部分黑龙江菌株指纹图谱完全相同。Shannon’s多样性指数也表明黑龙江群体的遗传多样性最为丰富。福建和其它群体之间的遗传相似度较低,且分别有45.5%和54.5%的福建群体都属于聚类组E和F,遗传背景较为单一。福建群体的Shannon’s多样性指数低于黑龙江和美国。美国和黑龙江群体之间的遗传相似度较高,且部分美国菌株和黑龙江菌株指纹图谱相同。【结论】新疆、内蒙古的大豆疫霉菌起源于黑龙江,福建的大豆疫霉菌可能为一个独立的进化分支或起源于其它地区。此外,中国和美国的大豆疫霉菌群体间存在菌源交流。展开更多
文摘针对水包稠油乳状液的界面性质,开展油水界面研究对于水包稠油型乳状液稳定性研究是重要的研究手段之一。本论文首先对稠油进行了稠油四组分分析,然后确定了油品A的密度和粘度的特性,并确定了模型。选取了两种不同的表面活性剂OP-10和TX-100,开展了油水界面乳化性质的影响因素分析。分析结果表明:当两种表面活性剂的浓度在一定范围内变化时,它们的界面张力大小不同,但是呈现着一样的规律,随着表面活性剂含量的增多,油水界面张力下降,水包油型乳状液的稳定性增加。当频率一定时,随着表面活性剂浓度的增加,油水界面膜的扩张模量增大,当浓度达到一定值时,活性剂间发生蒂合,形成聚合物,降低了油水界面膜的强度,扩张模量减小。Aiming at the interfacial properties of water-in-heavy oil emulsions, conducting oil-water interface research is one of the important research methods for the stability of water-in-heavy oil emulsions. This paper first analyzed the four components of heavy oil, then determined the density and viscosity characteristics of oil product A and determined the model. Two different surfactants, OP-10 and TX-100, were selected to analyze the influencing factors of the emulsification properties of the oil-water interface. The analysis results show that when the concentrations of the two surfactants vary within a certain range, their interfacial tensions are different, but they show the same law. With the increase of the surfactant content, the oil-water interfacial tension decreases, and the stability of the water-in-oil emulsion increases. When the frequency is constant, with the increase of the surfactant concentration, the dilation modulus of the oil-water interfacial film increases. When the concentration reaches a certain value, the surfactants fuse to form polymers, which reduces the strength of the oil-water interfacial film and reduces the dilation modulus.
