Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries be-cause of the similar properties of Li and Na as well as the abundance and accessibility of sodium resources.The ...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries be-cause of the similar properties of Li and Na as well as the abundance and accessibility of sodium resources.The devel-opment of anode materials with a high capacity,excellent rate performance,and long cycle life is the key to the indus-trialization of SIBs.Biomass-derived carbon(BDC)anode materials synthesized from resource-rich,low-cost,and re-newable biomass have been extensively researched and their excellent sodium storage performance has been proven,making them the most promising new low-cost and high-performance anode material for SIBs.This review first intro-duces the sources of BDCs,including waste biomass such as plants,animals,and microorganisms,and then describes sev-eral methods for preparing BDC anode materials,including carbonization,chemical activation,and template methods.The storage mechanism and kinetic process of Na^(+)in BDCs are then considered as well as their structure control.The electrochemical properties of sodium-ion storage in BDCs with different structures are examined,and suggestions for future re-search are made.展开更多
该文采用Pickering双乳液法,以硝磺草酮为模板分子、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为功能单体、木质素为稳定粒子制备分子印迹聚合物,并对其进行傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线衍射与接触角表征,同时探究了该聚合物对硝磺草酮的静态吸附、动态吸附...该文采用Pickering双乳液法,以硝磺草酮为模板分子、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为功能单体、木质素为稳定粒子制备分子印迹聚合物,并对其进行傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线衍射与接触角表征,同时探究了该聚合物对硝磺草酮的静态吸附、动态吸附和选择性吸附。Scatchard分析表明:合成的聚合物对硝磺草酮的结合方式有两种,最大表观吸附量(Q_(max))和平衡离解常数(Kd)分别为Q_(max1)=32.31 mg/g,K_(d1)=116.28 mg/L;Q_(max2)=89.99 mg/g,K_(d2)=413.22 mg/L。动力学测定结果显示:该聚合物对硝磺草酮的吸附符合准二级动力学模型。将制备得到的分子印迹聚合物作为基质固相分散的分散剂萃取分离玉米中的硝磺草酮。最佳萃取条件为分子印迹聚合物与样品的质量比3∶2;研磨时间10 min,淋洗剂2 mL 20%甲醇水溶液,洗脱剂5 mL 5%乙酸乙腈。最佳条件下,硝磺草酮的检出限为0.018μg/g,回收率为97.0%~98.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.70%~5.6%。该研究分析时间短、有机溶剂用量少,且提高了选择性和分析效率。展开更多
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries be-cause of the similar properties of Li and Na as well as the abundance and accessibility of sodium resources.The devel-opment of anode materials with a high capacity,excellent rate performance,and long cycle life is the key to the indus-trialization of SIBs.Biomass-derived carbon(BDC)anode materials synthesized from resource-rich,low-cost,and re-newable biomass have been extensively researched and their excellent sodium storage performance has been proven,making them the most promising new low-cost and high-performance anode material for SIBs.This review first intro-duces the sources of BDCs,including waste biomass such as plants,animals,and microorganisms,and then describes sev-eral methods for preparing BDC anode materials,including carbonization,chemical activation,and template methods.The storage mechanism and kinetic process of Na^(+)in BDCs are then considered as well as their structure control.The electrochemical properties of sodium-ion storage in BDCs with different structures are examined,and suggestions for future re-search are made.
文摘该文采用Pickering双乳液法,以硝磺草酮为模板分子、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为功能单体、木质素为稳定粒子制备分子印迹聚合物,并对其进行傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线衍射与接触角表征,同时探究了该聚合物对硝磺草酮的静态吸附、动态吸附和选择性吸附。Scatchard分析表明:合成的聚合物对硝磺草酮的结合方式有两种,最大表观吸附量(Q_(max))和平衡离解常数(Kd)分别为Q_(max1)=32.31 mg/g,K_(d1)=116.28 mg/L;Q_(max2)=89.99 mg/g,K_(d2)=413.22 mg/L。动力学测定结果显示:该聚合物对硝磺草酮的吸附符合准二级动力学模型。将制备得到的分子印迹聚合物作为基质固相分散的分散剂萃取分离玉米中的硝磺草酮。最佳萃取条件为分子印迹聚合物与样品的质量比3∶2;研磨时间10 min,淋洗剂2 mL 20%甲醇水溶液,洗脱剂5 mL 5%乙酸乙腈。最佳条件下,硝磺草酮的检出限为0.018μg/g,回收率为97.0%~98.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.70%~5.6%。该研究分析时间短、有机溶剂用量少,且提高了选择性和分析效率。
