面对“双碳”目标和新能源革命的时代背景,能源动力类专业人才培养面临新的机遇和挑战。虚拟仿真实验教学作为一种新型教学手段,能够有效突破传统能源动力实验中设备规模大、实验成本高、安全风险大等局限,但如何科学构建符合专业特色...面对“双碳”目标和新能源革命的时代背景,能源动力类专业人才培养面临新的机遇和挑战。虚拟仿真实验教学作为一种新型教学手段,能够有效突破传统能源动力实验中设备规模大、实验成本高、安全风险大等局限,但如何科学构建符合专业特色的虚拟仿真实验教学体系,实现与新时期能源人才培养目标的有效对接,仍需深入研究。本文立足能源动力类专业特点,采用“自上而下”与“自下而上”相结合的研究思路,通过分析专业培养方案、行业标准和企业需求,构建了面向能源动力领域的“五层次”能力图谱架构。研究构建了包括总目标层、通用能力层(工程基础能力、专业核心能力、工程实践能力、创新研究能力、可持续发展能力、智能化应用能力)、专业能力层、实验能力单元层和具体实验项目层的完整体系。研究重点提取了专业核心能力要素,同时突出新能源技术、智能控制、环境保护等新兴领域的能力需求。在此基础上,设计涵盖流体机械、传热传质、新能源系统等专业实验内容的四类虚拟仿真实验项目,将知识图谱理论引入能源动力专业能力体系构建、提出适应专业特色的“五层次”能力图谱新架构、开发基于能力图谱的虚拟仿真实验教学新模式,为能源动力类专业人才培养提供了新思路。In the context of “dual carbon” goals and new energy revolution, the cultivation of talents in energy and power engineering faces new opportunities and challenges. Virtual simulation experimental teaching, as a novel educational approach, can effectively overcome the limitations of traditional energy and power experiments, such as large equipment scale, high experimental costs, and significant safety risks. However, further research is needed on how to scientifically construct a virtual simulation experimental teaching system that aligns with professional characteristics and effectively connects with the talent training objectives in the new era. Based on the characteristics of energy and power engineering, this paper adopts a combined “top-down” and “bottom-up” research approach, analyzing professional training programs, industry standards, and enterprise requirements to construct a “five-level” competency map framework for the energy and power field. The study established a complete system including the overall goal level, general competency level (engineering foundation ability, professional core ability, engineering practice ability, innovative research ability, sustainable development ability, and intelligent application ability), professional ability level, experimental ability unit level and specific experiment project level. The study focuses on extracting core professional competency elements while emphasizing capability requirements in emerging fields, such as new energy technology, intelligent control, and environmental protection. On this foundation, four types of virtual simulation experimental projects were designed, covering professional experimental content including fluid machinery, heat and mass transfer, and new energy systems. By introducing knowledge graph theory into the construction of the energy and power professional competency system, proposing a new “five-level” competency map framework adapted to professional characteristics, and developing a new virtual simulation experimental teaching model based on the competency map, this research provides new insights for talent cultivation in energy and power engineering programs.展开更多
文摘面对“双碳”目标和新能源革命的时代背景,能源动力类专业人才培养面临新的机遇和挑战。虚拟仿真实验教学作为一种新型教学手段,能够有效突破传统能源动力实验中设备规模大、实验成本高、安全风险大等局限,但如何科学构建符合专业特色的虚拟仿真实验教学体系,实现与新时期能源人才培养目标的有效对接,仍需深入研究。本文立足能源动力类专业特点,采用“自上而下”与“自下而上”相结合的研究思路,通过分析专业培养方案、行业标准和企业需求,构建了面向能源动力领域的“五层次”能力图谱架构。研究构建了包括总目标层、通用能力层(工程基础能力、专业核心能力、工程实践能力、创新研究能力、可持续发展能力、智能化应用能力)、专业能力层、实验能力单元层和具体实验项目层的完整体系。研究重点提取了专业核心能力要素,同时突出新能源技术、智能控制、环境保护等新兴领域的能力需求。在此基础上,设计涵盖流体机械、传热传质、新能源系统等专业实验内容的四类虚拟仿真实验项目,将知识图谱理论引入能源动力专业能力体系构建、提出适应专业特色的“五层次”能力图谱新架构、开发基于能力图谱的虚拟仿真实验教学新模式,为能源动力类专业人才培养提供了新思路。In the context of “dual carbon” goals and new energy revolution, the cultivation of talents in energy and power engineering faces new opportunities and challenges. Virtual simulation experimental teaching, as a novel educational approach, can effectively overcome the limitations of traditional energy and power experiments, such as large equipment scale, high experimental costs, and significant safety risks. However, further research is needed on how to scientifically construct a virtual simulation experimental teaching system that aligns with professional characteristics and effectively connects with the talent training objectives in the new era. Based on the characteristics of energy and power engineering, this paper adopts a combined “top-down” and “bottom-up” research approach, analyzing professional training programs, industry standards, and enterprise requirements to construct a “five-level” competency map framework for the energy and power field. The study established a complete system including the overall goal level, general competency level (engineering foundation ability, professional core ability, engineering practice ability, innovative research ability, sustainable development ability, and intelligent application ability), professional ability level, experimental ability unit level and specific experiment project level. The study focuses on extracting core professional competency elements while emphasizing capability requirements in emerging fields, such as new energy technology, intelligent control, and environmental protection. On this foundation, four types of virtual simulation experimental projects were designed, covering professional experimental content including fluid machinery, heat and mass transfer, and new energy systems. By introducing knowledge graph theory into the construction of the energy and power professional competency system, proposing a new “five-level” competency map framework adapted to professional characteristics, and developing a new virtual simulation experimental teaching model based on the competency map, this research provides new insights for talent cultivation in energy and power engineering programs.
