针对当前东北地区玉米种植密度偏低、氮肥管理粗放及应用传统氮肥诊断方法存在的限制与不足等问题,以协同玉米增产与氮肥高效为目标,在黑龙江省哈尔滨市开展田间试验,设置2个种植密度、2个玉米品种和6个氮水平小区试验,应用新式主动冠...针对当前东北地区玉米种植密度偏低、氮肥管理粗放及应用传统氮肥诊断方法存在的限制与不足等问题,以协同玉米增产与氮肥高效为目标,在黑龙江省哈尔滨市开展田间试验,设置2个种植密度、2个玉米品种和6个氮水平小区试验,应用新式主动冠层传感器GreenSeeker,于玉米V5~V10期动态取样监测,建立回归模型,分析增密种植条件下不同玉米品种氮营养诊断指标变化,探究种植密度与品种对主动冠层传感器实时氮营养指标估测模型的影响。结果表明,适量施氮有利于改善植株氮营养状况、促进玉米增产;氮、密互作共同影响籽粒产量,种植密度由D6增至D8,籽粒产量与施氮量线性平台拐点由196.0、200.4 kg N·hm^(-2)分别增加至208.8、209.4 kg N·hm^(-2);氮浓度稀释曲线Y=34.0X-0.37在黑龙江地区适用,氮营养指数(Nitrogen nutrition index,NNI)诊断阈值主要受种植密度影响;GreenSeeker植被指数(Normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)与地上部生物量、植株吸氮量、叶面积指数相关性较好,决定系数达0.75~0.89;NNI与NDVI相关模型决定系数较低,仅为0.49~0.58;NDVI对植株氮浓度诊断结果不佳。NDVI可用来准确诊断玉米氮营养状况,但需综合考虑氮肥用量、密度与品种耐密性对诊断模型准确性的影响。研究将GreenSeeker传感器最新诊断技术引入玉米增密群体氮营养诊断,评估氮浓度稀释曲线适用性,相关结果可为玉米增密群体的氮精准管理提供理论依据,未来具备区域大面积应用潜力。展开更多
The influence of mica particles on the rheological and thermal properties of poly( lactic acid)( PLA) / mica composites were investigated by capillary rheometer and thermogravimetric( TG)analysis. The results show tha...The influence of mica particles on the rheological and thermal properties of poly( lactic acid)( PLA) / mica composites were investigated by capillary rheometer and thermogravimetric( TG)analysis. The results show that the PLA / mica blends are nonNewtonian pseudoplastic and display shear-thinning. The value of non-Newtonian index of the blends melt decreased obviously with the addition of mica particles but somehow even increased when shear rate exceeded 4 500 s- 1. In this work,it could be indicated that appropriate amount of mica particles could somehow enhance the resistance of PLA melt under high shear rate to deviate from Newtonian fluid. TG analysis shows that the thermal stability of PLA decreases a little after the incorporation of the mica particles.As mica particles decompose in a completely different way in contrast to PLA,this abnormal decrease of thermal stability of PLA / mica composite may be attributed to moisture stored between mica layers released at high temperature.展开更多
文摘针对当前东北地区玉米种植密度偏低、氮肥管理粗放及应用传统氮肥诊断方法存在的限制与不足等问题,以协同玉米增产与氮肥高效为目标,在黑龙江省哈尔滨市开展田间试验,设置2个种植密度、2个玉米品种和6个氮水平小区试验,应用新式主动冠层传感器GreenSeeker,于玉米V5~V10期动态取样监测,建立回归模型,分析增密种植条件下不同玉米品种氮营养诊断指标变化,探究种植密度与品种对主动冠层传感器实时氮营养指标估测模型的影响。结果表明,适量施氮有利于改善植株氮营养状况、促进玉米增产;氮、密互作共同影响籽粒产量,种植密度由D6增至D8,籽粒产量与施氮量线性平台拐点由196.0、200.4 kg N·hm^(-2)分别增加至208.8、209.4 kg N·hm^(-2);氮浓度稀释曲线Y=34.0X-0.37在黑龙江地区适用,氮营养指数(Nitrogen nutrition index,NNI)诊断阈值主要受种植密度影响;GreenSeeker植被指数(Normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)与地上部生物量、植株吸氮量、叶面积指数相关性较好,决定系数达0.75~0.89;NNI与NDVI相关模型决定系数较低,仅为0.49~0.58;NDVI对植株氮浓度诊断结果不佳。NDVI可用来准确诊断玉米氮营养状况,但需综合考虑氮肥用量、密度与品种耐密性对诊断模型准确性的影响。研究将GreenSeeker传感器最新诊断技术引入玉米增密群体氮营养诊断,评估氮浓度稀释曲线适用性,相关结果可为玉米增密群体的氮精准管理提供理论依据,未来具备区域大面积应用潜力。
文摘The influence of mica particles on the rheological and thermal properties of poly( lactic acid)( PLA) / mica composites were investigated by capillary rheometer and thermogravimetric( TG)analysis. The results show that the PLA / mica blends are nonNewtonian pseudoplastic and display shear-thinning. The value of non-Newtonian index of the blends melt decreased obviously with the addition of mica particles but somehow even increased when shear rate exceeded 4 500 s- 1. In this work,it could be indicated that appropriate amount of mica particles could somehow enhance the resistance of PLA melt under high shear rate to deviate from Newtonian fluid. TG analysis shows that the thermal stability of PLA decreases a little after the incorporation of the mica particles.As mica particles decompose in a completely different way in contrast to PLA,this abnormal decrease of thermal stability of PLA / mica composite may be attributed to moisture stored between mica layers released at high temperature.
