摘要
牛樟与冇樟是二种形态上极为相似的树种。本文从果实种子形态，精油组成与同功酶分析等方面提供资料来彰显二者之差异性。牛樟果实呈僧帽状，长1.11公分，宽1.51公分，种子之胚轴与果柄成一直线；冇樟果实呈长椭圆球，长1.62公分，宽1.17公分，种子胚轴常歪生。牛樟木材以含松油醇为主，而冇樟则以黄樟油为主。牛樟与冇樟之同功酶分析显现酵素带之形式（对偶因子）差异甚大区隔明显。孝义冇樟与莲华池冇樟是二种形态不同的冇樟，果实种子大小差异明显，孝义冇樟果实之长与宽各为莲华池冇樟之2倍左右，在同功酶分析上GOT与MDH已显现二生态型之间有明显之分化。
Cinnamomum kanehirae and C. micranthum are two native tree species very similar in the gross morphology. This article tends to differentiate these two species from the morphology of fruit and seed, the constitute of essential oil extracted from wood and fruit, and allozyme analysis. C. kanehirae has a fruit of cucullate in shape, 1.11cm in length 1.51cm in width; the seed has the hypocotyl linear with the pedicel. C. micranthum has a fruit of ellipsoid, 1.62cm in length 1.17cm in width; the embryo has the hypocotyl always scewed from the axis of the seed. Major component of wood essential oil is terpinenol for C. kanehirae and safrol for C. micranthum. Allozyme analysis indicated that these two species are very different in allele pattern. Within the species C. micranthum, the ecotype of Lien-hwa-chi can be differentiated from the ecotype of Hsiao-yi by the size of fruit and seed and allozyme pattern. The allele pattern of aspartate aminotransferase and malate dehydrogenase, among the six enzyme system assayed, were different in these two ecotype. This may be caused by the isolation of the Lien-hwa-chi population.
关键词
牛樟
冇樟
果實與種子
分佈
精油成份
同功酶分析
Cinnamomum kanehirae
Cinnamomum micranthum
fruit and seed
distribution
essential oil
allozyme analysis
