摘要
针对小平台声呐基阵对阵列结构和增益的要求,本文设计了一种由单矢量水听器与声压垂直阵组成的组合垂直声呐阵列。基于组合垂直阵的理论模型提出了一种基于平均声强器的方位估计方法,定量推导了组合垂直阵在三维空间内的增益转化情况并对组合垂直阵的频率特性进行分析。理论研究结果表明:该阵列不仅能够为垂直阵增添水平方位估计能力,而且可以通过三维空间内增益的转化将垂直阵在俯仰方向上的增益转化为水平方向上的增益。通过增益转化,N元组合垂直阵在水平方向上可获得5lg N的增益;平均声强器算法充分弱化了组合垂直阵对信号频率的要求,使其在f_(0)~2f_(0)内可以获得足够大的水平增益。海试的试验结果验证了本文理论的正确性。
A novel combined vertical sonar array is introduced to address the requirements for array configuration and gain in sonar systems for small platforms.This innovative array integrates a single vector hydrophone with a sound pressure vertical array.An azimuth estimation technique that leverages the average sound intensity device is proposed based on the theoretical framework of this combined vertical array.The gain transformation of the combined vertical array in a 3-D space is quantitatively deduced,and its frequency characteristics are analyzed.The theoretical findings demonstrate that this array not only enhances the vertical array′s capability to estimate horizontal directions but also effectively transforms the pitch-direction gain into horizontal gain in a 3-D space.An N-element combined vertical array can achieve a horizontal gain of 5lg N owing to this gain transformation.Moreover,the average sound intensity algorithm significantly reduces the array′s dependency on signal frequency,enabling it to maintain substantial horizontal gain across the frequency range from f_(0) to 2 f_(0).Ultimately,the sea trial outcomes confirm the theoretical accuracy of the findings presented in this paper.
作者
刘亚东
方尔正
霍中皓
LIU Yadong;FANG Erzheng;HUO Zhonghao(College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001,China;National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)
出处
《哈尔滨工程大学学报》
2025年第3期521-528,共8页
Journal of Harbin Engineering University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(2022JQSH-001).
关键词
小平台声呐
组合垂直阵
矢量水听器
声压水听器
被动探测
增益转化
方位估计
平均声强器
small platform sonar
combination vertical array
vector hydrophone
pressure hydrophone
passive detection
gain conversion
direction estimation
average sound intensity detector
