摘要
Agricultural intensification has led to an increase in monoculture and the use of chemical pesticides,resulting in a decline in biodiversity and a reduction in ecosystem services,particularly biological pest management.However,studies have shown that agroforestry can not only improve land productivity and biodiversity but also regulate some ecosystem services.This study reviews the impacts of physical and biological factors on herbivorous pests,parasites,and predatory natural enemies in fruit-crop agroforestry systems.Fruit-crop agroforestry systems provide high spatial heterogeneity by altering crop layouts,regulating the microclimate and soil quality,and offering food resources and shelter for natural enemies,thus promoting biological pest control.This enhances biological control and makes the agrocomplex system an effective tool for sustainable agriculture.Our research shows that volatile plant substances attract or repel pests and natural enemies based on the characteristics of the insects themselves.When scientifically designed,fruit-crop agroforestry systems provide high spatial heterogeneity and favorable microclimatic conditions,which enhance biological pest control and make the agroforestry system an effective tool for sustainable agriculture.Our research shows that fruit-crop agroforestry systems can provide richer food resources and habitat,enhancing biological pest control and improving pest management.
农业集约化导致单一作物种植和化学农药使用的增加,从而导致生物多样性的下降和生态系统服务的减少,尤其是生物害虫管理。然而,研究表明,农林复合系统不仅可以提高土地生产力和生物多样性,还可以调节一些生态系统服务。本文综述了物理因素和生物因素对果农复合系统中食草害虫、寄生虫和捕食性天敌的影响。果农复合系统可以通过改变作物布局、调节农田微气候和土壤质量,为天敌提供食物资源和栖息地,提供了高度的空间异质性。这增强了生物害虫防治,使农林复合系统成为可持续农业的有效工具。研究发现挥发性植物物质根据昆虫自身的特征吸引或驱赶害虫和天敌。由此表明,科学设计的果农复合系统提供了高度的空间异质性和有利的微气候条件,还可以为天敌提供更丰富的食物资源和栖息地,以增强生物害虫控制并改善害虫管理。
出处
《绿洲农业科学与工程》
2025年第1期80-91,共12页
Oasis Agriculture Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金一天山北坡果草间作水氮利用对根系分布的影响研究(32260723)。
