摘要
针对土壤酸化导致的土壤质量下降与无机碳损失问题,本研究以两种酸度的稻田红壤为研究对象,采用盆栽实验,评价典型硅酸盐矿物硅灰石在控酸抑铝、提升土壤肥力和无机碳固定等过程中的作用,并明确其对作物生长的影响。结果表明:硅灰石能够显著改善酸化土壤pH,降低可交换态铝含量并提高土壤无机碳含量,在50~200 g·kg^(-1)的硅灰石施加量下,土壤pH提高了2.47~3.24个单位,土壤可交换态铝降低32.02%~54.52%,土壤无机碳提高至0.40~1.26mg·g^(-1)。土壤初始pH对硅灰石的风化溶解影响显著,低初始pH促进硅灰石中可交换态钙离子的释放并加速无机碳的积累。初始pH为4.46的土壤经硅灰石处理,土壤无机碳的净积累量达到高初始pH(5.40)土壤的1.22~1.94倍。相关性分析结果(R^(2)=0.78,P=2.55×10^(-7))进一步显示,土壤呼吸矿化有机碳产生的CO_(2)可能是土壤无机碳积累的主要碳源。此外,硅灰石的施入对作物生长亦有促进作用,最高可使水稻植株干质量提高16.89%~32.08%,这主要得益于硅灰石优异的控酸抑铝性能及其所含有的大量的硅元素,硅灰石的风化溶解可提高土壤中有效态硅含量6.57~13.49倍。
The degradation of soil quality and loss of inorganic carbon caused by soil acidification in agricultural field attracts increasing attention recently.In this study,pot experiment was conducted with two types of acidic soil to evaluate the role of wollastonite,a typical silicate,in controlling acidification and aluminum toxicity,improving soil fertility,accumulating inorganic carbon,and enhancing crop growth.Results showed that wollastonite increased soil pH by 2.47-3.24 units,reduced the exchangeable aluminum in soil by 32.02%-54.52%,and promoted soil inorganic carbon accumulation to 0.40-1.26 mg·g^(-1) under the dosage of 50-200 g·kg^(-1).Initial soil pH imposed great impact on the weathering of wollastonite and the release of exchangeable calcium ions,which induced a 1.22-1.94 times higher accumulation of inorganic carbon in low pH(4.46)soil than that in high pH(5.40)soil.Further correlation analysis(R^(2)=0.78,P=2.55×10^(-7))revealed that the carbon source for soil inorganic carbon formation mainly derived from the microbial respiration of soil organic carbon.Addition of wollastonite also enhanced plant growth by a maximum of 16.89%-32.08%of rice biomass(dry weight).This was mainly due to the ability of wollastonite in inhibiting acidification and the toxicity of aluminum,as well as the enrichment of nutrient element silicon.Wollastonite increased the available silicon content in soil by 6.57-13.49 times.
作者
姜雯琪
徐从斌
孙天然
JIANG Wenqi;XU Congbin;SUN Tianran(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
2025年第2期461-470,共10页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
中国科学院前瞻战略科技先导专项(A类专项)(XDA0440201)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2023M733680)。
关键词
硅灰石
酸化土壤
土壤调理
无机碳固定
作物长势
wollastonite
acidified soil
soil conditioning
inorganic carbon accumulation
crop growth
